July 14 is the 195th day of the year (196th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 170 days remaining until the end of the year.
- 756 - An Lushan Rebellion: Emperor Xuanzong of Tang of China flees the capital Chang'an as An Lushan's forces advance toward the city.
- 1223 – Louis VIII becomes King of France.
- 1769 - Spanish soldier Gaspar de Portola leads the first European land expedition to present-day California.
- 1771 - Foundation of the Mission San Antonio de Padua in modern California by the Franciscan friar Junipero Serra.
- 1789 – The Bastille is attacked, starting the French Revolution.
- 1790 – The citizens of Paris celebrate the constitutional monarchy and national reconciliation in the Fete de la Federation.
- 1798 - La Marseillaise becomes the national anthem of France
- 1798 - The Sedition Act becomes law in the United States, making it a federal crime to write, publish or say heavily critical or false statements about the United States Government.
- 1853 - Start of the first major World's Fair to take place in the United States, the Exhibition of the Industry of All Nations in New York City.
- 1865 – The first ascent of the Matterhorn is made, by a team lead by Edward Whymper. Four members of the group die on the way back down.
- 1865 - Piz Buin, the highest peak in the Austrian state of Vorarlberg, first climbed by a team of four led by Joseph Anton Specht.
- 1881 – At Fort Sumner, New Mexico, Pat Garrett shoots and kills Billy the Kid.
- 1900 - The Armies of the Eight Nation Alliance capture Tientsin, China, during the Boxer Rebellion.
- 1902 - The Campanile in Saint Mark's Square, Venice, collapses.
- 1911 - Henry Atwood, an exhibition pilot for the Wright Brothers, lands his airplane on the South Lawn of the White House.
- 1916 - World War I: Start of the Battle of Delville Wood as an action within the Battle of the Somme.
- 1920 - The Red Army conquers Vilnius during the Polish-Soviet War.
- 1933 – Gleichschaltung: All political parties, apart from the Nazi Party, are banned in Germany.
- 1943 - In Diamond, Missouri, the George Washington Carver National Monument becomes the US National Monument in honor of an African American.
- 1948 - Palmiro Togliatti, leader of the Italian Communist Party, is shot and wounded outside the Italian Parliament.
- 1950 - Korean War: North Korean troops start the Battle of Taejon.
- 1951 - At Silverstone, England, Argentina's Jose Froilan Gonzalez achieves Ferrari's first Formula One Grand Prix victory.
- 1957 - In Egypt, Rawya Ateya becomes the first Member of the Parliament in the Arab world.
- 1958 – King Faisal II of Iraq is killed, and the monarchy is overthrown by forces lead by Abdul Karim Kassem, who takes over as head of state.
- 1958 - In Ghana, the Ghanaian pound replaces the colonial British West African pound.
- 1960 - Jane Goodall arrives at the Gombe Stream Reserve in present-day Tanzania to begin her famous study of chimpanzees in the wild.
- 1964 - Frenchman Jacques Anquetil wins his 5th Tour de France and his 4th in a row.
- 1965 - The Mariner 4 fly-by of Mars takes the first close-up photographs of a planet other than Earth.
- 1969 – Football War: After Honduras loses a football match against El Salvador, riots break out against El Salvadoran migrant workers in Honduras.
- 1969 - In the US, 500, 1000, 5000 and 10 000 dollar bills are withdrawn from circulation.
- 1976 - Capital punishment is banned in Canada.
- 1987 - Montreal is hit by a series of thunderstorms causing the Montreal flood of 1987.
- 2000 - A powerful solar flare causes a geomagnetic storm on Earth.
- 1454 – Poliziano, Italian humanist (d. 1494)
- 1602 – Jules Mazarin, French statesman and cardinal (d. 1661)
- 1610 – Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1670)
- 1634 - Pasquier Quesnel, French theologian (d. 1719)
- 1675 - Claude Alexandre de Bonneval, French nobleman, soldier and adventurer (d. 1747)
- 1676 - Caspar Abel, German theologian, historian and poet (d. 1763)
- 1743 - Gavrila Romanovich Derzhavin, Russian poet (d. 1816)
- 1743 - William Paley, English theologian and philosopher (d. 1805)
- 1798 - Alessandro Antonelli, Italian architect (d. 1888)
- 1829 – Edward White Benson, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1896)
- 1830 - Henry Bird, English chess player (d. 1908)
- 1858 – Emmeline Pankhurst, English suffragette (d. 1928)
- 1859 - Willy Hess, German violinist (d. 1928)
- 1860 – Owen Wister, American writer (d. 1938)
- 1862 – Gustav Klimt, Austrian painter and graphic artist (d. 1918)
- 1865 - Arthur Capper, 20th Governor of Kansas (d. 1951)
- 1866 - Ragnar Ostberg, Swedish architect (d. 1945)
- 1868 – Gertrude Bell, English archaeologist, writer, spy, and administrator (d. 1926)
- 1872 - Albert Marque, French sculptor and doll maker (d. 1939)
- 1874 – Khedive Abbas II of Egypt and Sudan (d. 1944)
- 1882 - Teddy Billington, American racing cyclist (d. 1966)
- 1885 – King Sisavang Vong of Laos (d. 1959)
- 1888 - Scipio Slataper, Italian author and critic (d. 1915)
- 1889 – Ante Pavelic, Croatian fascist leader (d. 1959)
- 1891 - Alexander M. Volkov, Russian novelist and screenwriter (d. 1977)
- 1893 - Clarence J. Brown, American publisher and politician (d. 1965)
- 1893 - Garimella Satyanarayana, Indian poet and freedom fighter (d. 1952)
- 1893 - J. G. Strijdom, Prime minister of South Africa (d. 1958)
- 1894 - Dave Fleischer, American animator, director and producer (d. 1979)
- 1896 – Buenaventura Durruti, Spanish anarchist (d. 1936)
- 1897 - Plaek Phibunsongkhram, Thai general and politician, Prime Minister of Thailand (d. 1964)
- 1898 - Happy Chandler, 49th Governor of Kentucky (d. 1991)
- 1901 - George Tobias, American actor and singer (d. 1980)
- 1903 – Irving Stone, American writer (d. 1989)
- 1904 – Isaac Bashevis Singer, Polish Yiddish writer (d. 1991) (possibly born on November 21)
- 1906 – William H. Tunner, American general (d. 1983)
- 1910 – William Hanna, American animator (d. 2001)
- 1912 – Northrop Frye, American literary critic (d. 1991)
- 1912 – Woody Guthrie, American folk musician (d. 1967)
- 1913 – Gerald Ford, 38th President of the United States (d. 2006)
- 1916 – Natalia Ginzburg, writer (d. 1991)
- 1917 - George Bookasta, American actor and director (d. 2014)
- 1918 – Ingmar Bergman, Swedish movie and theatre director (d. 2007)
- 1918 – Arthur Laurents, American playwright, novelist, and director (d. 2011)
- 1919 – Lino Ventura, Italian-born actor (d. 1987)
- 1921 – Leon Garfield, English children's writer (d. 1996)
- 1921 - Sixto Durán Ballén, 48th President of Ecuador (d. 2016)
- 1921 – Geoffrey Wilkinson, English chemist (d. 1996)
- 1922 – Robin Olds, American fighter pilot (d. 2007)
- 1923 - Dale Robertson, American actor (d. 2013)
- 1923 - Willie Steele, American long jumper (d. 1989)
- 1925 - Francisco Alvarez Martinez, Spanish former Archbishop of Toledo
- 1926 – Harry Dean Stanton, American actor (d. 2017)
- 1928 - Laurie Mitchell, American actress (d. 2018)
- 1930 - Polly Bergen, American actress and singer (d. 2014)
- 1931 - Jacqueline de Ribes, French fashion designer and sculptor
- 1932 - Anatoli Isayev, Russian footballer (d. 2016)
- 1933 – Franz, Duke of Bavaria, head of Wittelsbach family and part of Jacobite Succession
- 1933 - Robert Bourassa, 22nd Premier of Quebec (d. 1996)
- 1935 - Ei-ichi Negishi, Japanese chemist and Nobel Prize winner
- 1936 - Robert F. Overmyer, American pilot and astronaut (d. 1996)
- 1937 - Yoshiro Mori, Japanese politician, former Prime Minister of Japan
- 1938 – Jerry Rubin, American activist (d. 1994)
- 1938 - Tommy Vig, Hungarian vibraphone player, drummer and composer
- 1939 – George E. Slusser, American scholar and writer
- 1939 – Karel Gott, Czech singer (d. 2019)
- 1939 - Sid Haig, American actor (d. 2019)
- 1941 - Gérard Férey, French chemist (d. 2017)
- 1941 – Maulana Karenga, American writer amd activist
- 1942 – Javier Solana, Spanish European Union foreign policy chief
- 1945 - Jim Gordon, American musician
- 1946 - Sue Lawley, English broadcaster
- 1946 - Vincent Pastore, American actor
- 1946 – John Wood, Australian actor
- 1947 – Navin Ramgoolam, Prime Minister of Mauritius
- 1948 - Goodwill Zwelithni kaBhekuzulu, Zulu king
- 1948 - Eliza Manningham-Buller, British MI5 director
- 1948 - Earl Williams, American baseball player (d. 2013)
- 1951 – Erich Hallhuber, German actor (d. 2003)
- 1952 - Bob Casale, American guitarist
- 1952 - Eric Laneuville, American director, actor and producer
- 1953 - Bebe Buell, American model and actress
- 1954 – Sally Farmiloe, British actress (b. 2014)
- 1955 - L. Brent Bozell III, American journalist and activist
- 1957 - Scot Breithaupt, American motorcycle racer (d. 2015)
- 1958 - Anne Hegerty, English quiz player and television personality
- 1959 - Aubrey McClendon, American businessman (d. 2016)
- 1960 – Anna Bligh, Australian politician, former Premier of Queensland
- 1960 – Jane Lynch, American actress
- 1960 - Angélique Kidjo, Beninese singer-songwriter and activist
- 1960 - Kyle Gass, American singer-songwriter, guitarist and actor
- 1960 - Mike McPhee, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1961 – Jackie Earle Haley, American actor
- 1962 - Antonio Díaz Sánchez, Cuban activist
- 1963 - Jacques Lacombe, Canadian organist and conductor
- 1963 - John Colquhoun, Scottish footballer
- 1966 – Matthew Fox, American actor
- 1966 – Owen Coyle, Scottish football manager
- 1966 - Ellen Reid, Canadian singer and pianist (Crash Test Dummies)
- 1967 – Madalina Manole, Romanian singer (d. 2010)
- 1967 – Patrick J. Kennedy, American politician
- 1967 – Robin Ventura, baseball player
- 1969 - Carlo de Gavardo, Chilean rally driver and motorcycle racer (d. 2015)
- 1971 - Pui Fan Lee, English actress and presenter
- 1971 – Howard Webb, English football referee
- 1971 - Nick McCabe, English guitarist
- 1971 - Madhu Sapre, Indian model
- 1973 – Kota Hirano, Japanese manga artist
- 1973 - Halil Mutlu, Turkish weightlifter
- 1974 – David Mitchell, British comedian
- 1975 – Taboo, American rapper
- 1976 – Geraint Jones, English cricketer
- 1977 – Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden
- 1979 - Sergei Ignashevich, Russian footballer
- 1979 – Axel Teichmann, German cross-country skier
- 1981 – Lee Mead, English stage actor
- 1982 – Fernando Lope de Vergara, Argentinian handball manager
- 1983 – Igor Andreev, Russian tennis player
- 1984 – Nilmar Honorato da Silva, Brazilian footballer
- 1984 - Mounir El Hamdaoui, Moroccan footballer
- 1984 - Samir Handanovic, Slovenian footballer
- 1986 - Alexander Gerndt, Swedish footballer
- 1986 - Dan Smith, English singer (Bastille)
- 1987 - Sara Canning, Canadian actress
- 1987 – Adam Johnson, English footballer
- 1987 - Ryan Sweeting, American tennis player
- 1988 - Olli Muotka, Finnish ski jumper
- 1989 - Sean Flynn, American singer and actor
- 1991 - Shabazz Napier, American basketball player
- 1995 - Kim Hyo-joo, South Korean golfer
- 1999 - Camryn, American singer and actress
- 664 - Deusdedit of Canterbury, Archbishop of Canterbury
- 937 - Arnulf, Duke of Bavaria
- 1223 – King Philip II of France (b. 1165)
- 1486 – Margaret of Denmark, Queen of Scotland (b. 1456)
- 1575 - Richard Taverner, English translator of the Bible (b. 1505)
- 1614 - Camillus de Lellis, Italian priest and saint (b. 1550)
- 1704 - Sophia Alexeyevna of Russia (b. 1657)
- 1742 - Richard Bentley, English classical scholar (b. 1662)
- 1789 – Jacques de Flesselles, French provost (b. 1721)
- 1789 – Bernard-Rene de Launay, Governor of the Bastille prison (b. 1740)
- 1790 - Ernst Gideon Freiherr von Laudon, Austrian field marshal (b. 1717)
- 1809 - Nicodemus the Hagiorite, Greek monk and saint (b. 1749)
- 1816 – Francisco de Miranda, Venezuelan revolutionary (b. 1750)
- 1817 - Germaine de Stael, Swiss writer (b. 1766)
- 1827 - Augustin-Jean Fresnel, French physicist (b. 1788)
- 1850 – August Neander, German theologian (b. 1789)
- 1876 - Thomas Hazlehurst, English architect (b. 1816)
- 1881 – Billy the Kid, American outlaw (b. 1859)
- 1904 – Paul Kruger, South African Boer politician (b. 1824)
- 1907 - William Henry Perkin, British chemist (b. 1838)
- 1910 - Marius Petipa, French dancer and choreographer (b. 1898)
- 1917 - Octave Lapize, French cyclist (b. 1887)
- 1918 - Quentin Roosevelt, American lieutenant and pilot (b. 1897)
- 1924 - Isabella Ford, British suffragette, activist and peer (b. 1855)
- 1935 - Edoardo Agnelli, Italian industrialist (b. 1892)
- 1936 - Ghan Gopal Mukerji, Indian writer (b. 1890)
- 1939 – Alphonse Mucha, Czech artist (b. 1860)
- 1954 – Jacinto Benavente, Spanish writer (b. 1866)
- 1954 - Jackie Saunders, American actress (b. 1892)
- 1958 – King Faisal II of Iraq (b. 1935)
- 1965 – Adlai Stevenson, American politician (b. 1900)
- 1966 - Julie Manet, French painter (b. 1878)
- 1967 - Tudor Arghezi, Romanian writer (b. 1880)
- 1968 – Ilzas Tsirimkas, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1907)
- 1970 - Luis Mariano, Spanish Basque singer (b. 1914)
- 1974 - Carl Spaatz, American air force (b. 1891)
- 1990 - Walter Sedlmayer, German actor (b. 1926)
- 1993 - Léo Ferré, French singer-songwriter, poet and pianist (b. 1916)
- 1994 - César Tovar, Venezuelan baseball player (b. 1940)
- 1998 - Richard McDonald, American businessman (b. 1909)
- 2002 – Joaquín Balaguer, President of the Dominican Republic (b. 1906)
- 2005 - Cicely Saunders, British nurse (b. 1918)
- 2005 - Tilly Fleischer, German athlete (b. 1911)
- 2010 – Charles Mackerras, Australian conductor (b. 1925)
- 2010 – Madalina Manole, Romanian singer (b. 1967)
- 2012 - Sixten Jernberg, Swedish skier (b. 1929)
- 2014 - Alice Coachman, American athlete (b. 1923)
- 2014 - Leopoldo Verona, Argentine actor (b. 1931)
- 2014 - Vange Leonel, Brazilian singer-songwriter, journalist, novelist, playwright and activist (b. 1963)
- 2014 - Martin Richard Hoffmann, American politician (b. 1932)
- 2014 - Tom Rolf, Swedish-American film editor (b. 1931)
- 2015 - M. S. Viswanathan, Indian film score composer (b. 1928)
- 2015 - Olaf Pooley, English actor (b. 1914)
- 2016 - Hallard White, New Zealand rugby league player (b. 1929)
- 2016 - Helena Benitez, Filipino politician and educator (b. 1914)
- 2016 - Péter Esterházy, Hungarian writer (b. 1949)
- 2016 - Sharon Runner, American politician (b. 1954)
- 2016 - Michael J. Elliott, British journalist and magazine editor (b. 1951)
- 2016 - Mohamed Lahouaiej-Bouhlel, Tunisian terrorist, perpetrator of the 2016 Nice attack (b. 1985)
- 2017 - Mahi Beamer, American singer and dancer (b. 1928)
- 2017 - Anne Golon, French novelist and journalist (b. 1921)
- 2017 - Julia Hartwig, Polish poet and journalist (b. 1921)
- 2017 - William "Hootie" Johnson, American banker and sports administrator (b. 1931)
- 2017 - Maryam Mirzakhani, Iranian mathematician (b. 1977)
- 2018 - Mario Casalinuovo, Italian politician (b. 1922)
- 2018 - Gordon Chong, Canadian politician (b. 1943)
- 2018 - Theo-Ben Gurirab, Prime minister of Namibia (b. 1938)
- 2018 - Masa Saito, Japanese professional wrestler (b. 1942)
- 2018 - Petr Weigl, Czech director and playwright (b. 1939)
- 2018 - Hans Kronberger, German-Austrian politician (b. 1951)
- 2019 - Hussain Muhammad Ershad, President of Bangladesh (b. 1930)
- 2019 - Terry Hodgkinson, British businessman (b. 1949)
- 2019 - Nereo Laroni, Italian politician (b. 1942)
- 2019 - Pernell Whitaker, American boxer (b. 1964)
- 2019 - Paul Albert Zipfel, American Roman Catholic prelate (b. 1935)