1881 – British passenger steamer RMS Teuton hits a reef off South Africa and sinks, killing 236 of the 272 people on board.
1896 – PhilippineRevolution: After Spanish victory in the Battle of San Juan del Monte, eight provinces in the Philippines are declared to be under martial law by the Spanish Governor-General Ramon Blanco y Erenas.
1917 – During a night-time sailing, with all light switched off because of the war, French passenger steamer Natal collides with an oncoming cargo ship, sinking in 10 minutes. Of the 503 on board, 105 are killed.
1918 – Assassins seriously injure Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin and kill Bolshevik senior official Moisei Uritsky, prompting the decree for Red Terror.
1922 – Battle of Dumlupinar, final battle in Greco-Turkish War (1919-1922) ("Turkish War of Independence").