Brachypelma klaasi (vulgo 'tarantula rosea mexicana')

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Animalia — Arthropoda

Subphylum : Chelicerata 
Classis : Arachnida 
Ordo : Araneae 
Infraordo : Mygalomorphae 
Familia : Theraphosidae 
Thorell, 1869

   

Palaeontologia

Neogaeno–praesens

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Subdivisiones: Genera

Territorium

Theraphosidae sunt familia magnarum saetosarumque aranearum infraordinis Mygalomorpharum,^[1] quarum circiter mille species hodie descriptae sunt.^[2] Nonnullae ex speciebus vulgatis in commercio mirificorum animalium dilectorum populo grata factae sunt; multis autem Mundi Novi speciebus dilectis sunt saetae urticantes, quae cutem hominum inflammare, atque adeo oculos ladere possunt.^[3]

Prospectus

Theraphosidae, sicut omnia arthropoda, sunt invertebrata quorum subsidium musculare exosceleto nititur.^[4] Corpus, sicut corpora aliorum arachnidorum, in duabus partibus principalibus consistit, quae sunt prosoma (vel cephalothorax) et opisthosoma (vel abdomen), ambobus per pedicellum conectis. Quae res conectens in media corporis parte re vera est pars prosomatis, quae opisthosomati latam motionis extensionem de motione prosomatis dat.

Distributio

Theraphosidae variarum specierum per Civitates Foederatas, Mexicum, et Americam Mediam et Australem vigent. Aliae species varie per Africam, multum Asiae (Insulis Riuciuensibus in Iaponia meridiana non exclusis), et omnem Australiam. In Europa, nonnullae species Hispania, Portugalia, Turcia, Italia meridiana, et Cypro inveniuntur.

Taxinomia

Pro collocatione theraphosidarum inter Mygalomorphas, vide cladogramma.

Subfamiliae

Quindecim subfamiliae agnoscuntur.

Genera

Mense Iulio anni 2020, World Spider Catalog haec genera accipiebat.^[9]

• Acanthopelma F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897 – Guiana
• Acanthoscurria Ausserer, 1871 – America Australis, Guatemala
• Acentropelma Pocock, 1901 – Beliza, Mexicum, Guatemala
• Aenigmarachne Schmidt, 2005 – Costarica
• Agnostopelma Pérez-Miles & Weinmann, 2010 – Columbia
• Aguapanela Perafán & Cifuentes, 2015
• Annandaliella Hirst, 1909 – India
• Anoploscelus Pocock, 1897 – Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda
• Antillena Bertani, Huff & Fukushima, 2017 – Respublica Dominicana
• Aphonopelma Pocock, 1901 – America Septentrionalis, America Media
• Augacephalus Gallon, 2002 – Africa Australis, Mozambicum, Eswatini
• Avicularia Lamarck, 1818 – America Australis, Trinitas et Tabacum, Panama
• Bacillochilus Gallon, 2010 – Angola
• Batesiella Pocock, 1903 – Cameronia
• Birupes Gabriel & Sherwood, 2019 – Malaesia
• Bistriopelma Kaderka, 2015 – Peruvia

• Bonnetina Vol, 2000 – Mexicum
• Brachionopus Pocock, 1897 – Africa Australis
• Brachypelma Simon, 1891 – Mexicum, Costarica, Guatemala
• Bumba Pérez-Miles, Bonaldo & Miglio, 2014 – Brasilia, Venetiola, Aequatoria
• Cardiopelma Vol, 1999 – Regio ignota
• Caribena Fukushima & Bertani, 2017 – Cuba
• Catanduba Yamamoto, Lucas & Brescovit, 2012 – Brasilia
• Catumiri Guadanucci, 2004 – America Australis
• Ceratogyrus Pocock, 1897 – Africa
• Chaetopelma Ausserer, 1871 – Asia, Graecia, Africa
• Chilobrachys Karsch, 1892 – Asia
• Chromatopelma Schmidt, 1995 – Venetiola
• Citharacanthus Pocock, 1901 – Cuba, America Media, Mexicum
• Citharognathus Pocock, 1895 – Indonesia
• Clavopelma Chamberlin, 1940 – Mexicum
• Coremiocnemis Simon, 1892 – Malaesia, Indonesia, Australia
• Cotztetlana Mendoza, 2012 – Mexicum
• Crassicrus Reichling & West, 1996 – Mexicum, Beliza
• Cubanana Ortiz, 2008 – Cuba
• Cyclosternum Ausserer, 1871 – America Australis, Mexicum, Costarica
• Cymbiapophysa Gabriel & Sherwood, 2020
• Cyriocosmus Simon, 1903 – America Australis, Trinitas et Tabacum
• Cyriopagopus Simon, 1887 – Asia
• Cyrtopholis Simon, 1892 – Regio Maris Caribici
• Davus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892 – America Media, Mexicum
• Dolichothele Mello-Leitão, 1923 – Brasilia, Bolivia
• Encyocratella Strand, 1907 – Tanzania
• Encyocrates Simon, 1892 – Madagascaria
• Ephebopus Simon, 1892 – Surinamia, Brasilia
• Euathlus Ausserer, 1875 – Tsilia, Argentina
• Eucratoscelus Pocock, 1898 – Kenia, Tanzania
• Eumenophorus Pocock, 1897 –Mons Leonis
• Eupalaestrus Pocock, 1901 – America Australis
• Euphrictus Hirst, 1908 – Cameronia, Respublica Congensis
• Euthycaelus Simon, 1889 – Columbia, Venetiola
• Grammostola Simon, 1892 – America Australis
• Guyruita Guadanucci, Lucas, Indicatti & Yamamoto, 2007 – Brasilia, Venetiola
• Hapalopus Ausserer, 1875 – America Australis, Panama
• Hapalotremus Simon, 1903 – Bolivia, Peruvia, Argentina
• Haploclastus Simon, 1892 – India
• Haplocosmia Schmidt & von Wirth, 1996 – Nepalia
• Harpactira Ausserer, 1871 – Africa Australis, Namibia
• Harpactirella Purcell, 1902 – Africa Australis, Marocum
• Hemirrhagus Simon, 1903 – Mexicum
• Heterophrictus Pocock, 1900 – India
• Heteroscodra Pocock, 1900 – Cameronia, Gabonia, Respubica Congensis
• Heterothele Karsch, 1879 – Africa, Argentina
• Holothele Karsch, 1879 – Regio Maris Caribici, America Australis
• Homoeomma Ausserer, 1871 – America Australis
• Hysterocrates Simon, 1892 – Africa
• Idiothele Hewitt, 1919 – Africa Australis
• Iridopelma Pocock, 1901 – Brasilia
• Ischnocolus Ausserer, 1871 – Africa, Asia, Brasilia, Europa
• Kankuamo Perafán, Galvis & Pérez-Miles, 2016
• Kochiana Fukushima, Nagahama & Bertani, 2008 – Brasilia
• Lampropelma Simon, 1892 – Indonesia, Malaesia, Singapura
• Lasiodora C. L. Koch, 1850 – America Australis, Costarica
• Lasiodorides Schmidt & Bischoff, 1997 – Aequatoria, Peruvia
• Longilyra Gabriel, 2014 – Salvatoria
• Loxomphalia Simon, 1889 – Tanzania
• Loxoptygus Simon, 1903 – Aethiopia
• Lyrognathus Pocock, 1895 – Indonesia, India, Malaesia
• Magnacarina Mendoza, Locht, Kaderka, Medina & Pérez-Miles, 2016 – Mexicum
• Mascaraneus Gallon, 2005 – Mauritius
• Megaphobema Pocock, 1901 – Costarica, Columbia, Aequatoria
• Melognathus Chamberlin, 1917
• Metriopelma Becker, 1878 – Mexicum
• Miaschistopus Pocock, 1897 – Venetioa
• Monocentropus Pocock, 1897 – Iemenia, Madagascaria
• Munduruku Miglio, Bonaldo & Pérez-MIles, 2013
• Mygalarachne Ausserer, 1871 – Honduria
• Myostola Simon, 1903 – Gabonia, Cameronia
• Neischnocolus Petrunkevitch, 1925 – Panama
• Neoheterophrictus Siliwal & Raven, 2012 – India
• Neoholothele Guadanucci & Weinmann, 2015 – Columbia, Trinitas et Tabacum, Ventiola
• Neostenotarsus Pribik & Weinmann, 2004 – Guiana Francica
• Nesiergus Simon, 1903 – Insulae Seisellenses
• Nesipelma Schmidt & Kovařík, 1996 – Sanctus Christophorus et Nives
• Nhandu Lucas, 1983 – Brasilia, Paraquaria
• Omothymus Thorell, 1891 – Malaesia
• Ornithoctonus Pocock, 1892 – Birmania, Thailandia
• Orphnaecus Simon, 1892 – Papua Nova Guinea,Philippinae
• Ozopactus Simon, 1889 – Venetiola
• Pachistopelma Pocock, 1901 – Brasilia
• Pamphobeteus Pocock, 1901 – America Australis, Panama
• Pelinobius Karsch, 1885 – Kenia, Tanzania
• Phlogiellus Pocock, 1897 – Asia, Papua Nova Guinea
• Phoneyusa Karsch, 1884 – Africa
• Phormictopus Pocock, 1901 – Cuba, Argentina, Brasilia
• Phormingochilus Pocock, 1895 – Indonesia
• Phrixotrichus Simon, 1889 – Tsilia, Argentina
• Plesiopelma Pocock, 1901 – America Australis
• Plesiophrictus Pocock, 1899 – India, Micronesia, Srilanca
• Poecilotheria Simon, 1885 – Srilanca, India
• Proshapalopus Mello-Leitão, 1923 – Brasilia, Columbia
• Psalmopoeus Pocock, 1895 – Trinitas et Tabacum, America Australis, America Media, Mexicum
• Psednocnemis West, Nunn & Hogg, 2012 – Malaesia, Indonesia
• Pseudhapalopus Strand, 1907 – America Australis, Trinitas et Tabacum
• Pseudoclamoris Hüsser, 2018 – Columbia, Peruvia, Aequatoria
• Pterinochilus Pocock, 1897 – Africa
• Pterinopelma Pocock, 1901 – Brasilis
• Reichlingia Rudloff, 2001 – Beliza
• Reversopelma Schmidt, 2001 – Aequatoria vel Peruvia
• Sahydroaraneus Mirza & Sanap, 2014 – India
• Sandinista Longhorn & Gabriel, 2019
• Schismatothele Karsch, 1879 – Venetiola, Columbia
• Schizopelma F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897 – Mexicum
• Scopelobates Simon, 1903 – Respublica Dominicana
• Selenocosmia Ausserer, 1871 – Oceania, Asia
• Selenogyrus Pocock, 1897 – Litus Eburneum, Mons Leonis
• Selenotholus Hogg, 1902 – Australia
• Selenotypus Pocock, 1895 – Australia
• Sericopelma Ausserer, 1875 – America Media, Brasilia, Mexicum
• Sickius Soares & Camargo, 1948 – Brasilia
• Sphaerobothria Karsch, 1879 – Costarica, Panama
• Spinosatibiapalpus Gabriel & Sherwood, 2020
• Stichoplastoris Rudloff, 1997 – Salvatoria, Costarica, Panama
• Stromatopelma Karsch, 1881 – Africa
• Tapinauchenius Ausserer, 1871 – America Australis, Sanctus Vincentius et Grenadinae
• Theraphosa Thorell, 1870 – America Australis
• Tliltocatl - Mexicum, Costarica, Guatemala
• Thrigmopoeus Pocock, 1899 – India
• Thrixopelma Schmidt, 1994 – Peruvia, Tsilia
• Tmesiphantes Simon, 1892 – Brazil
• Trichognathella Gallon, 2004 – Africa Australis
• Trichopelma Simon, 1888 – regio Maris Caribici, America Australis, America Media
• Typhochlaena C. L. Koch, 1850 – Brasilia
• Umbyquyra Gargiulo, Brescovit & Lucas, 2018 – Bolivia, Brasilia
• Vitalius Lucas, Silva & Bertani, 1993 – Brasilia, Argentina
• Xenesthis Simon, 1891 – Panama, Venetiola, Columbia
• Ybyrapora Fukushima & Bertani, 2017 – Brasilia

Genera obsoleta

• Ami Pérez-Miles, 2008 → Neischnocolus
• Barropelma Chamberlin, 1940 → Neischnocolus
• Eurypelmella Strand, 1907, nomen dubium
• Magulla Simon, 1892 → Tmesiphantes
• Melloleitaoina Gerschman & Schiapelli, 1960 → Tmesiphantes

Nexus interni

• Grammostola actaeon

Notae

Bibliographia

• Blaikie, Andrew J., John Ellis, Roshini Sanders, et Caroline J. MacEwen. 1997. "Eye disease associated with handling pet tarantulas: three case reports." BMJ 314, no. 7093 (24 Maii): 1524–5. doi:10.1136/bmj.314.7093.1524. PMC 2126783. PMID 9183200. Editio interretialis.
• Coddington, J. A. 2005. "Phylogeny and Classification of Spiders." In Spiders of North America: An Identification Manual, ed. D. Ubick, P. Paquin, P. E. Cushing, et V. Roth, cap 2, pp. 18–-24. American Arachnological Society.
• Estrada-Alvarez, Julio C., et H. D. Cameron. 2012. "Etymological origins of the generic names of Mexican tarantulas (Araneae:Theraphosidae)." Revista Ibérica de Aracnología 21: 153–160. Editio interretialis.
• Foelix, Rainer F. 1992. Biologie der Spinnen. Stutgardiae: Georg Thieme. ISBN 3-13-575802-8.
• Koch, C. L. 1850. Übersicht des Arachnidensystems. Vol. 5. Norimbergae: J. L. Lotzbeck. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.39561. Editio interretialis.
• Pocock, R. I. 1901. "Some new and old genera of S.-American Avicularidae." Annals and Magazine of Natural History series 7: 8 (48): 540–55. doi:10.1080/03745480109443359. Editio interretialis.
• Raven, R. R. 2005. "A new tarantula species from northern Australia (Araneae, Theraphosidae)." Zootaxa 1004: 15–28. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1004.1.2. PDF.
• Reichling, S. B., et R. C. West. 1996. "A new genus and species of theraphosid spider from Belize (Araneae, Theraphosidae)." Journal of Arachnology 24: 254–61. PDF.
• Schmerler, Johann Adam. 1794/ Lateinisch-deutsches und deutsch lateinisches Wörterbuch. Ed. tertia, vol. 2. Erlangen: J. J. Palm. OCLC 669374426. Google Books.

Nexus externi

Vide "Theraphosidas" apud Vicispecies.

Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Theraphosidas spectant.

Vide De vita araneae apud Vicifontem.

Situs scientifici:  • ITIS • NCBI • Biodiversity • Encyclopedia of Life • Fossilworks

• TarantulaForum.com.
• Tarantulas US Forum.
• "Word of the Day: Tarantula and Tarantella."
• "Overview of Species Information for All Named Theraphosidae Divided by Subfamily."
• Omnes Theraphosidarum hodie nominatarum.
• Praesidium Societatis Tarantularum Americanae.
• "Amazing Tarantulas."
• NMSU Entomology Plant Pathology; Weed Science. "The Spiders of the Arid Southwest" 
• Watch Pelliculuae Theraphosidarum ex archivo BBC. Wildlife Finder.
• "Theraphosidae Belgium."^{[nexus deficit]}
• RDCU.be.