Petrus Mondrin post anno 1906

Petrus Cornelius Mondriaan (Nederlandice Pieter Cornelis "Piet" Mondriaan), post 1906 Mondrian[1] (Amersfoort Nederlandiae 7 Martii 1872; Manhatae Novi Eboraci 1 Februarii 1944), fuit pictor et artis theoreticus Nederlandicus qui unus ex artificibus saeculi vicensimi maximi momenti habetur.[2][3] Novitatibus in arte abstracta innotuit, nam suum studium artisticum a pictura figurativa ad modum magis magisque abstractum, donec suum vocabularium artisticum ad simplicia elementa geometrica imminutum esset.[4]

Piet Mondrian's birthplace in Amersfoort, Netherlands, now The Mondriaan House
Locus natalis Petri Mondrian Amersfoort in vico Nederlandiae, nunc Domus Mondriaan, museum.
Piet Mondrain painting Willow Grove: Impression of Light and Shadow in the Dallas Museum of Art
Petri Mondrian Nemus salicum: impressio luminis et umbrae (circa 1905), oleum in textili, 35 × 45 cm. Museum Artis Dallasianum.
Piet Mondrian lived in this house from 1880 to 1892 now the Villa Mondriaan, in Winterswijk
Hac in domo, nunc Villa Mondriaan appellata, Winterswijk in oppido sita, Petrus Mondrian ab anno 1880 ad 1892 habitavit.
Piet Mondrian painting Evening; Red Tree in the Gemeentemuseum Den Haag
Petri Mondrian Vesper; arbor rubra (Nederlandice Avond; De rode boom) (1908–1910), oleum in textili, 70 × 99 cm. Gemeentemuseum Den Haag.
Piet Mondrian painting Spring Sun (Lentezon): Castle Ruin: Brederode in the Dallas Museum of Art
Petri Mondrian Sol veris (Lentezon): ruinae castelli: Brederode (1909–1910), oleum in masonite, 62 × 72 cm. Museum Artis Dallasianum.
Piet Mondrian painting View from the Dunes with Beach and Piers, Domburg, in the Museum of Modern Art
Petri Mondrian Conspectus e thiniis cum ora et mole, Domburg (1909), oleum et graphide in chartone. Museum Artis Modernae Novi Eboraci.
Piet Mondrian painting Gray Tree, 1911, in the Gemeentemuseum Den Haag
Petri Mondrian Arbor cana (1911), unum ex primis experimentis Cubisticis.[5]
Piet Mondrian and Pétro (Nelly) van Doesburg in Mondrian's Paris studio, in 1923
Petrus Mondrian et Petra (Nelly) van Doesburg in Lutetiana artificis officina, 1923.
Piet Mondriaan abstract painting Tableau I, from 1921
Petri Mondrian Tabula I (1921).
Piet Mondriaan abstract painting Composition II in Red, Blue, and Yellow, 1930
Petri Mondrian Compositio II in Rubro, Caeruleo, et Flavo (1930).
Piet Mondriaan abstract painting "Composition No. 10" from 1939–42
Compositio 10 (1939–42), oleum in textili. Theodorus van Doesburg, alius sodalis De Stijl, nexum inter non repraesentativa opera artis et exemplaria paxis et spiritualitatis proposuit.[6]
Piet Mondriaan abstract painting "Victory Boogie Woogie" from 1942–44
Victory Boogie Woogie (1942–1944).
Mondrian dresses by Yves Saint Laurent shown with a Mondrian painting in 1966
Vestes Mondrianae ab Ivone Saint Laurent designatae, cum pictura Mondriana anno 1966 monstratae.

Ars Mondriana maxime erat utopiana, atque ab investigatione dignitatis aestheticarum universalium tenebatur. Mondrian anno 1914 pronuntiavit: "Ars realitate altior est, et cum realitate recte non coniungitur. Homo, ut spiritualitatem in arte appropinquet, realitate quam minime utetur, quia realitas spiritualitati adversatur. Nos coram quadam arte abstracta esse scimus. Ars supra realitatem stare debet; aliter homini nihil valeret."[7] Eius autem ars radices in natura semper egebat.

De Stijl, motui artis gregique, intererat, quem cum Theodoro van Doesburn fundavit. Formam non repraesentativam excogitavit quam neoplasticismum appellavit. Qui erat nova "ars plastica pura," quae credidit necessaria ad "pulchritudinem universalem" creandam. Mondrian, ut hanc monstraret, eius vocabularium formale circumscribere constituit inter tres colores primarios (rubrum, caeruleum, flavum), tria pretia primaria (nigrum, album, canum), duasque partes primarias (libratum, rectum).[8] Mondrian anno 1911, cum Lutetiam a Nederlandia migraret, penitus mutari coepit. Experimentis Cubisticis occurrit, et ut intra avant-garde Lutetianum facilius intraret, litteram A ex suo nomine (Mondriaan) amovit.[9][10][11]

Opera Mondriana artem saeculi vicensimi magnopere moverunt, non solum cursum picturae abstractae ac multorum momenti modorum artisque motuum (inter quos pictura campi colorum, expressionismus abstractus, minimalismus), sed etiam campos extra picturae dominium afficientia, sicut designatio, architectura, et moda.[12] Stephanus Bayley, historicus designationis, dixit: 'Mondrian ipse modernismum significare coepit. Eius nomen eiusque opus ideale modernisticum altum summatim describunt. Vocabulum iconicum aversor; ergo dicamus eum fieri totemicum — totemum omnium quae modernismus esse proposuit.[13]

Liber Plasticum Novum in Pictura

Mondrian librum Plasticum Novum in Pictura (De Nieuwe Beelding in de schilderkunst)[14] partibus decem annis 1917 et 1918 protulit, qui prima suae theoriae artificis descriptio erat. Verba autem Mondriana optima et saepissime allata de hac theoris legitur in epistula quam Henrico Bremmer anno 1914 scripserit:

Mixturas linearum et colorum in superficie plana construo, ut pulchritudinem generalem maxima conscientia significem. Natura (vel quod videam) me inspirat; me, ut ullum pictorem, in statum mentis redigit ut impulsus in me oriatur ut aliquid faciam, sed veritati quam propinquissime appropinquare et omnia ex ea abstrahere volo, donec fundamenta (iam solum fundamenta externa) rerum attingam. . . . Credo fieri posse quod, per lineas libratas rectasque conscientia constructas, sed non per ratiocinationem, ab intuitione ductae, et ad harmoniam et rhythmum allatae, hae primae pulchritudinis formae, si necesse est, lineis rectis vel flexibus amplificatae, opus artis fieri potest, tam forte quam verum.[15]

Cum Lutetiae esset, gratia modi cubistici Pauli Picasso et Georgii Braque paene statim in operibus Mondrianis apparuerunt.

Notae

  1. ↑ "Mondrian". Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.
  2. ↑ Hughes 1980.
  3. ↑ Blotkamp 1994b: 9.
  4. ↑ Gardner, Kleiner, & Mamiya 2006: 780.
  5. ↑ Den Haag
  6. ↑ Lodder, Kokkori, et Mileeva 2013.
  7. ↑ Anglice "Art is higher than reality and has no direct relation to reality. To approach the spiritual in art, one will make as little use as possible of reality, because reality is opposed to the spiritual. We find ourselves in the presence of an abstract art. Art should be above reality, otherwise it would have no value for man" (Seuphor 1956: 117).
  8. ↑ Alley 1981: 532–533.
  9. ↑ Seuphor 1956.
  10. ↑ "Mondrian and his Studios". Tate 
  11. ↑ Pieter Cornelis (1872–1944), www.inghist.nl.
  12. ↑ Darwent 2014.
  13. ↑ Anglice "Mondrian has come to mean Modernism. His name and his work sum up the High Modernist ideal. I don’t like the word ‘iconic’, so let’s say that he’s become totemic—a totem for everything Modernism set out to be" (Darwent 2014).
  14. ↑ Mondrian 1986: 18–74.
  15. ↑ Anglice "I construct lines and color combinations on a flat surface, in order to express general beauty with the utmost awareness. Nature (or, that which I see) inspires me, puts me, as with any painter, in an emotional state so that an urge comes about to make something, but I want to come as close as possible to the truth and abstract everything from that, until I reach the foundation (still just an external foundation!) of things. . . . I believe it is possible that, through horizontal and vertical lines constructed with awareness, but not with calculation, led by high intuition, and brought to harmony and rhythm, these basic forms of beauty, supplemented if necessary by other direct lines or curves, can become a work of art, as strong as it is true." Jackie Wullschlager (2010), "Van Doesburg at Tate Modern," Financial Times, 2 Iunii.

Bibliographia

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