Bellum ad Kurukṣetram in libro manuscripto *Mahabharati* pictum

Mahabharatum^[1] (scriptura Devanagari महाभारत, Mahābhārata) est unum ex duobus magnis poesis epica Indicae carminibus, duodeviginti libros continens, Sanscritice compositum, et longissimum litterarum universalium opus, quorum aliud est Rāmāyaṇa. Carmen est pars itihasae, et orationem separatim nomine Bhagavadgita cognitam continet (6.25-42).

De Compositio carminis

Mahabharatum, sicut Ilias graeca, non per scriptum sed per canendum a poetis compositum est, inter annos 300 a.C.n. et 300 p.C.n., plus minusve. In libro ipso, poeta Vyāsus nomine est auctor carminis, qui id deo Ganeśo dictat.^[2] Non autem narrator est: de Vyāso narrat vates quidem, Sauti nomine, qui primus narrator est. Sauti fabulam audivit, abhinc multos annos, cum Vaisampayanus eam regi Janamejayo narrabat; Sauti narrationem Vaisampayani reddit.

Carmen versu sloco imprimis utitur.

Argumentum Mahabharati

Quinque fratres, filii regis Pandu, cum centum patruelibus, filiis Dhṛtarastri, certant. Dhṛtarastrus, quamquam maior natu illo Pandu, caecus est, ergo non potest regere. Filius eius Duryodhanus vult regnum habere, quod maximus natu est filius fratris maioris regis. Yudhistirus autem, maximus filius regis Pandu, censet se regnum hereditate e patre accipere debere. Post bellum maximum, Yudhistirus rex fit.

Tabula librorum Mahabharati

liber	titulus	divisiones	insunt
1	Adiparva	1–19	Prolegomena; origo iuventusque principum
2	Sabhaparva	20–28	Vita regalis; ludus tesserarum; exsilium Pandavarum; aedificatio palatii (sabha) apud Indraprastham
3	Aranyakaparva	29–44	Duodecim anni exsilii in saltu (aranya).
4	Virataparva	45–48	Unus annus exsilii in palatio Viratae
5	Udyogaparva	49–59	Praeparatio belli
6	Bhiṣmaparva	60–64	Belli prima pars; Bhiṣma imperat Kauravas
7	Dronaparva	65–72	Belli secunda pars; Drona imperator
8	Karnaparva	73	Belli tertia pars; Karna imperator
9	Shalyaparva	74–77	Belli quarta pars; Shalya imperator
10	Śauptikaparva	78–80	Somnium (śauptika) Pandavarum; interfecti sunt ab Aśvattama Kauravisque
11	Strīparva	81–85	Nenia mortuorum a Gandhari aliisque mulieribus (strī)
12	Śantiparva	86–88	Yudhiṣṭhira coronatus; praecepta Bhiṣmae
13	Anusāsanaparva	89–90	Praecepta addita (anusāsana) Bhiṣmae
14	Aśvamedhikaparva	91–92	Yudhisthirae sacrificium equi (aśvamedha)
15	Aśramavasikaparva	93–95	Egressus Dhritarashtrae, Gandharis et Kuntis ad eremitidem (aśrama)
16	Mausalaparva	96	Pugna inter Yadavas cum virgis (mausala)
17	Mahāprasthanikaparva	97	Iter mortis (mahāprasthana) Yudhisthirae et fratrum
18	Svargarohanaparva	98	Reditus Pandavarum in mundum spirituum (svarga)

Notae

↑ Confer titulum Mahabharati episodii de Nalo et Damayantia narrantis: Nalus. Mahá-Bhárati episodium curante Francisco Bopp (1819) textus.
↑ MBh 1.1

Bibliographia

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Nexus interni

Litterae Sanscritae

Nexus externi

Utilia et organa ad Mahabharatum legendum (anglice et sanscrite)
Argumentum Mahabharati, anglice scriptum
Textus sanscritus cum versione anglica, apud Sacred Texts

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