Insula Paschalis,^[1] sive Rapanui et Rapa Nui (a vocabulis Polynesiae Orientalis Rapa 'quaedam insula in Polynesia Francica' + nui 'magna'; Hispanice Isla de Pascua^[2]), est insula in Oceano Pacifico meridiorientali sita et territorium Chiliense. Iacobus Roggeveen, praefectus classis Batavus, insulam die 21 Aprilis 1722 invenit, die qui illo anno fuit dies Paschae resurrectionis Iesu Christi. Hangaroa oppidum, seu Hanga Roa (vulgo hanga 'sinus' + roa 'perlonginquus'), est insulae caput.

Flora

Virentes praevalentes in insula non sunt virentes de principio, sed exitus inductionis specierum ab insula alienarum. Archaeobotani vero invenerunt reliquos silvae ligni genus Jubaeae, quae insulam usque saeculum nonum operunt.^? Inter saecula nonum et septimum decimum, decem milliones lignorum succisa sunt, aut quomodo, post Roggeweini ingressionem, a rodentibus ex nave occisa.*

Etiam planta Scirpus californicus sicut multae plantae alienae in lacu Rano Kao servatur; ab incolis ad construendas domos naviformes adhibetur.

Hodierna insulae terra operatur a gramine, et in australi insulae occidente germinat Psidium guaiava. Etiam recenti Eucalypti plantati^? sunt. In Anakena invenitur silva palmarum, quae in principio fortasse in insula non habitabat. Per herbas medicas, sive ad vescendum sunt Solanum tuberosum, Colocasia esculenta, Dioscorea, et Saccharum officinarum.

Numerus incolarum

Eruditi credunt insularum numerum inter saecula sextum decimum et septimum decimum fuisse 10 000 hominum, qui numerus reductus est ad 2000 ad 3000 incolis penuria alimenti et catastropha oecologica necatis.

Statuae ingentes

Insula Paschalis clarissima est etiam multis signis monolithicis moai appellatis, quae statuae in indice patrimonii totius mundi Societatis Educativae, Scientificae, et Culturalis Consocietatis Nationum perscribuntur. Quidam periti dicunt statuas erectas causam fuisse caedis arborum et ergo decrescendorum indigenarum. Usque ad 887 statuae perscriptae inter annos 1100 fere et 1680 (computatio radiocarbonica emendata) sculptae sunt, quarum nonnullae in museis conservantur.^[3][4]

Notae

Bibliographia

• Diamond, Jared. 2005. Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Succeed. Novi Eboraci: Viking. ISBN 0-14-303655-6.
• DiNapoli, Robert J., Tim Rieth, Carl Philipp Lipo, Terry L. Hunt. 2020. "A model-based approach to the tempo of "collapse": The case of Rapa Nui (Easter Island)" in Journal of Archaeological Science (2020)
• Englert, Sebastian F. 1970. Island at the Center of the World. Novi Eboraci: Charles Scribner's Sons.
• Erickson, Jon D., et John M. Gowdy. 2000. Resource Use, Institutions, and Sustainability: A Tale of Two Pacific Island Cultures. Land Economics 76(3): 345–354.
• Fischer, Steven Roger. 1995. Preliminary Evidence for Cosmogonic Texts in Rapanui's Rongorongo Inscriptions. Journal of the Polynesian Society (104):303–21.
• Fischer, Steven Roger. 1997. Glyph-breaker: A Decipherer's Story. Novi Eboraci: Copernicus/Springer-Verlag.
• Fischer, Steven Roger. 1997. RongoRongo, the Easter Island Script: History, Traditions, Texts. Oxoniae et Novi Eboraci: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-823710-3.
• Heyerdahl, Thor, et Edwin N. Ferdon, Jr., eds. 1961. The Concept of Rongorongo among the Historic Population of Easter Island. Holmiae: Forum.
• Heyerdahl, Thor. 1958. Aku-Aku; The 1958 Expedition to Easter Island.
• Kjellgren, Eric. 2001. Splendid isolation: art of Easter Island. Novi Eboraci: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. ISBN 9781588390110.
• Lee, Georgia. 1992. The Rock Art of Easter Island: Symbols of Power, Prayers to the Gods. Angelopoli: The Institute of Archaeology Publications. ISBN 0-917956-74-5.
• McLaughlin, Shawn. 2007. The Complete Guide to Easter Island. Los Osos: Easter Island Foundation.
• Metraux, Alfred. 1940. Ethnology of Easter Island. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin 160. Honolulu: Bernice P. Bishop Museum Press.
• Neslen, Arthur. 2017. One of world's largest marine parks created off coast of Easter Island. The Guardian, 9 Septembris.
• Pendleton, Steve, et David Maddock. 2014. Collecting Easter Island: Stamps and Postal History. Londinii: Pacific Islands Study Circle. ISBN 978-1-899833-22-1.
• Pinart, Alphonse. 1877. Voyage à l'Ile de Pâques (Océan Pacifique). Le Tour du Monde: Nouveau Journal des Voyages. 36:225. Hachette.
• Puleston, Cedric O. et al. 2017. Rain, Sun, Soil, and Sweat: A Consideration of Population Limits on Rapa Nui (Easter Island) before European Contact. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 10 July 2017.
• Routledge, Katherine. 1919. The Mystery of Easter Island: The story of an expedition. Londinii. ISBN 0-404-14231-1.
• Shepardson, Britton. 2013. Moai: a New Look at Old Faces. Santiago: Rapa Nui Press. ISBN 9569337001.
• Steadman, David. 2006. Extinction and Biogeography in Tropical Pacific Birds. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-77142-7.
• Thomson, William J. 1891. Te Pito te Henua, or Easter Island: Report of the United States National Museum for the Year Ending June 30, 1889. Annual Reports of the Smithsonian Institution for 1889. Vasingtoniae: Smithsonian Institution: 447–552.
• van Tilburg, Jo Anne. 1994. Easter Island: Archaeology, Ecology and Culture. Vasingtoniae: Smithsonian Institution Press. ISBN 0-7141-2504-0.

Nexus interni

• Akuaku
• Thor Heyerdahl
• Makemake
• Tangaloa
• Triangulum Polynesium

Nexus externi

Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Insulam Paschalem spectant.

Situs geographici et historici: Locus: 27°7′10″S 109°21′17″W • OpenStreetMap • 6930873 GeoNames • Thesaurus Getty • Global Volcanism Program • Store norske Lexikon • Большая российская энциклопедия

• "Easter Island" apud Chile Culture