Bully trees
Sideroxylon persimile
Taksonomia urnosen
Pagarian: Plantae
Klado: Tracheophytes
Klado: Angiospermae
Klado: Eudicotidae
Klado: Asterids
Urnos: Ericales
Pamilia: Sapotaceae
Subpamilia: Sapotoideae
Tribu: Sideroxyleae
Henero: Sideroxylon
L.[1]
Sebbangan-kita
Sideroxylon inerme
Kapada a nagan[4]
  • Apterygia Baehni
  • Bumelia Sw.
  • Calvaria Comm. ex C.F.Gaertn.
  • Cryptogyne Hook.f.
  • Decateles Raf.
  • Dipholis A.DC.
  • Edgeworthia Falc. 1842, ilehitamado a homonimo, saan a Meisn. 1841 (Thymelaeaceae)
  • Lyciodes Kuntze
  • Mastichodendron (Engl.) H.J.Lam
  • Monotheca A.DC.
  • Nesoluma Baill.
  • Reptonia A.DC.
  • Robertia Scop., rejected name
  • Robertsia Endl.
  • Rostellaria C.F.Gaertn.
  • Sclerocladus Raf.
  • Sinosideroxylon (Engl.) Aubrév.
  • Spiniluma (Baill.) Aubrév.
  • Spondogona Raf., rejected name
  • Tatina Raf.
Bulbulong ti Sideroxylon marmulano

Ti Sideroxylon ket ti henero dagitikayo iti pamilia ti Sapotaceae nga impalawag a kas maysa a henero babaen ni Linnaeus idi 1753.[3][5] Kolektiboda nga ammo iti Ingles iti bully trees. Ti kadawyan a nagan ket naala manipud kadagiti balikas a Griego iti σιδηρος (sideros), a ti kayatna a sawen ket "landok", ken ξύλον (xylon), a ti kayatna a sawen ket "kayo."[6]

Pannakaiwarwaras

Kangrunaan a naiwarwaras ti henero iti Amianan ken Abagatan nga Amerika, ngem mabirukan pay iti Aprika, Madagascar, akin-abagatan nga Asia, ken dagiti nadumaduma nga oseaniko nga isla.[4] Adda dagiti sumagmamano a sebbangan, a kas ti gum bully (S. lanuginosum), S. tenax, ken buckthorn bully (S. lycioides), ket mabirukan kadagiti subtropikal a lugar ti Amianan nga Amerika. Ti kaikaisuna a sebbangan ti Abagatan nga Aprika, ti white milkwood (S. inerme), ket mainaig kadagiti tallo a tawid a sitio, ken dagitoy nga indibidual ket nairangarangda a nailian a monumento gapu ti karkarna a kapautda.[7][8]

Ekolohia

Adda dagiti nadumaduma a sebbangan a nagbalinen a karkarna gapu ti panagpukan ti kayo ken dagiti sabali pay a porma ti panagdadael iti habitat. Ti Tambalacoque (S. grandiflorum, sin. Calvaria major) ti Mauritius ket naapektaran idi babaen ti pannakaungaw dagiti billit a nangiwarwaras kadagiti bukel; daytoy ket naisingasing idi a ti intero a sebbangan ket nagdepdepende iti dodo (Raphus cucullatus) para iti dayta a paggep ken ganggani a nagbalinen a biktima ti agkadua a pannakaungaw, ngem saan a husto daytoy.[9][10]

Dagiti sebbangan

Dagiti naawat a sebbangan[4]
  1. Sideroxylon acunae (Borhidi) T.D.Penn. – Kuba
  2. Sideroxylon alachuense L.C.Anderson – Florida
  3. Sideroxylon altamiranoi (Rose & Standl.) T.D.Penn.Hidalgo, Querétaro
  4. Sideroxylon americanum (Mill.) T.D.Penn. – Yucatan, West Indies
  5. Sideroxylon anomalum (Urb.) T.D.Penn. – Barahona
  6. Sideroxylon beguei Capuron ex Aubrév. – Madagascar
  7. Sideroxylon bequaertii De Wild.Zaïre
  8. Sideroxylon betsimisarakum LecomteMadagascar
  9. Sideroxylon borbonicum A.DC.Réunion
  10. Sideroxylon boutonianum A.DC.Mauritius
  11. Sideroxylon bullatum (R.A.Howard & Proctor) T.D.Penn.Hamaika
  12. Sideroxylon canariense Leyens, Lobin & A.Santos – Canary Is
  13. Sideroxylon cantoniense Lour. – SE China
  14. Sideroxylon capiri (A.DC.) Pittier – Mesoamerika, West Indies
  15. Sideroxylon capuronii Aubrév. – Madagascar
  16. Sideroxylon cartilagineum (Cronquist) T.D.Penn.Sinaloa, Jalisco, Guerrero
  17. Sideroxylon celastrinum (Kunth) T.D.Penn.Texas, Mesoamerika, Colombia, Venezuela, Kuba, Bahamas
  18. Sideroxylon cinereum Lam.Mauritius
  19. Sideroxylon contrerasii (Lundell) T.D.Penn. – Mesoamerika
  20. Sideroxylon cubense (Griseb.) T.D.Penn. – West Indies
  21. Sideroxylon discolor Radcl.-Sm. – Socotra
  22. Sideroxylon dominicanum (Whetstone & T.A.Atk.) T.D.Penn.Republika a Dominikano
  23. Sideroxylon durifolium (Standl.) T.D.Penn.Chiapas, Belis
  24. Sideroxylon ekmanianum (Urb.) Bisse, J.E.Gut. & Iglesias – Kuba
  25. Sideroxylon eriocarpum (Greenm. & Conz.) T.D.Penn.Oaxaca
  26. Sideroxylon eucoriaceum (Lundell) T.D.Penn.Veracruz, Guatemala
  27. Sideroxylon eucuneifolium (Lundell) T.D.Penn.Guatemala
  28. Sideroxylon excavatum T.D.Penn.Guerrero, Oaxaca
  29. Sideroxylon fimbriatum Balf.f. – Socotra
  30. Sideroxylon floribundum Griseb. – Belize, Guatemala, Hamaika
  31. Sideroxylon foetidissimum Jacq. – West Indies, Abagatan a Mehiko, Guatemala, Belis, Florida
  32. Sideroxylon galeatum (A.W.Hill) Baehni – Rodrigues
  33. Sideroxylon gerrardianum (Hook.f.) Aubrév. – Madagascar
  34. Sideroxylon grandiflorum A.DC.Mauritius
  35. Sideroxylon hirtiantherum T.D.Penn.Guatemala, Honduras
  36. Sideroxylon horridum (Griseb.) T.D.Penn.Kuba, Cayman Is
  37. Sideroxylon ibarrae (Lundell) T.D.Penn. – Baja Verapaz
  38. Sideroxylon inerme L. – Africa (manipud iti Somalia aginggana iti Cape Province), Aldabra, Juan de Nova I
  39. Sideroxylon jubilla (Ekman ex Urb.) T.D.Penn. – Kuba
  40. Sideroxylon lanuginosum Michx. – - Estados Unidos (AZ to SC + KY),[11] NE Mehiko
  41. Sideroxylon leucophyllum S.Wats. – Baja California, Sonora
  42. Sideroxylon lycioides L. – buckthorn bully – Estados Unidos (TX to DE)[12]
  43. Sideroxylon macrocarpum (Nutt.) J.R.AllisonGeorgia
  44. Sideroxylon majus (Gaertn.f.) Baehni Réunion
  45. Sideroxylon marginatum (Decne. Ex Webb)Cape Verde
  46. Sideroxylon mascatense (A. DC.) T.D. Penn. – manipud iti Etiopia aginggana iti Pakistan
  47. Sideroxylon mirmulans R.Br. – Madeira
  48. Sideroxylon moaense (Bisse & J.E.Gut.) J.E.Gut.Kuba
  49. Sideroxylon montanum (Sw.) T.D.Penn. – Hamaika
  50. Sideroxylon nadeaudii (Drake) Smedmark & Anderb. – Tahiti
  51. Sideroxylon nervosum Wall. ex G.DonMyanmar
  52. Sideroxylon obovatum Lam. – West Indies, Venezuela
  53. Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Roem. & Schult.) T.D.Penn. – manipud iti Veracruz aginggana iti Paraguay
  54. Sideroxylon occidentale (Hemsl.) T.D.Penn. – Baja California, Sonora
  55. Sideroxylon octosepalum (Urb.) T.D.Penn. – Clarendon
  56. Sideroxylon oxyacanthum Baill.Etiopia, Eritrea, Saudi Arabia
  57. Sideroxylon palmeri (Rose) T.D.Penn. – Mehiko
  58. Sideroxylon peninsulare (Brandegee) T.D.Penn. – Baja California
  59. Sideroxylon persimile (Hemsl.) T.D.Penn. – Mesoamerica, Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad
  60. Sideroxylon picardae (Urb.) T.D.Penn. – Hispaniola
  61. Sideroxylon polynesicum (Hillebr.) Smedmark & Anderb.Hawaii, Rapa-Iti
  62. Sideroxylon portoricense Urb. – Mesoamerica, Greater Antilles
  63. Sideroxylon puberulum A.DC.Mauritius
  64. Sideroxylon reclinatum Michx. – Estados Unidos (LA, MS, AL, GA, FL, SC)[13]
  65. Sideroxylon repens (Urb. and Ekman) T.D.Penn. – Hispaniola
  66. Sideroxylon retinerve T.D.Penn.Honduras
  67. Sideroxylon rotundifolium (Sw.) T.D.Penn.Hamaika
  68. Sideroxylon rubiginosum T.D.Penn.Republika a Dominikano
  69. Sideroxylon salicifolium (L.) Lam. – West Indies, Mesoamerika, Florida
  70. Sideroxylon saxorum LecomteMadagascar
  71. Sideroxylon sessiliflorum (Poir.) Capuron ex Aubrév. – Mauritius
  72. Sideroxylon socorrense (Brandegee) T.D.Penn. – Socorro I
  73. Sideroxylon st-johnianum (H.J.Lam & B.Meeuse) Smedmark & Anderb. – Henderson I
  74. Sideroxylon stenospermum (Standl.) T.D.Penn. – Mesoamerika
  75. Sideroxylon stevensonii (Standl.) Standl. & Steyerm.Chiapas, Belis, Guatemala
  76. Sideroxylon tambolokoko Aubrév.Madagascar
  77. Sideroxylon tenax L. – Estados Unidos (FL, GA, SC, NC)[14]
  78. Sideroxylon tepicense (Standl.) T.D.Penn. – Mesoamerika
  79. Sideroxylon thornei (Cronquist) T.D.Penn. - Estados Unidos (FL, GA, AL)[15]
  80. Sideroxylon verruculosum (Cronquist) T.D.Penn. – Mexico
  81. Sideroxylon wightianum S.Mori – Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangdong, Bietnam

Dati a naikabil ditoy

Dagiti nagibasaran

  1. ^ "Genus: Sideroxylon L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2009-09-30. Naiyarkibo manipud iti kasisigud idi 2012-10-04. Naala idi 2010-11-01.
  2. ^ lectotype designated by Baillon, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Paris 908 (1891)
  3. ^ a b Tropicos, Sideroxylon L.
  4. ^ a b c Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  5. ^ Linnaeus, Carl von. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 192-193 in Latin
  6. ^ Gledhill, D. (2008). The Names of Plants (4 nga ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 352. ISBN 978-0-521-86645-3.
  7. ^ Flora of North America, Vol. 8 Page 236, Bully, Sideroxylon Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 192. 1753; Gen. Pl. ed. 5, 89. 1754.
  8. ^ Flora of China, Vol. 15 Page 212, 铁榄属 tie lan shu Sinosideroxylon (Engler) Aubreville, Adansonia, n.s. 3: 32. 1963.
  9. ^ Witmer, M. C.; A. S. Cheke (1991). "The dodo and the tambalacoque tree: an obligate mutualism reconsidered". Oikos. 61 (1): 133–137. doi:10.2307/3545415.
  10. ^ Hershey, D. R. (2004). "The widespread misconception that the tambalacoque absolutely required the dodo for its seeds to germinate". Plant Science Bulletin. 50: 105–108.
  11. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map, Sideroxylon lanuginosum
  12. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map, Sideroxylon lycioides
  13. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map, Sideroxylon reclinatum
  14. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map, Sideroxylon tenax
  15. ^ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution map, Sideroxylon thornei
  16. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "GRIN Species Records of Sideroxylon". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Naala idi 2010-09-10.[permanente a natay a silpo]

Dagiti akinruar a silpo

Dagiti midia a mainaig iti Sideroxylon iti Wikimedia Commons
Dagiti datos a mainaig iti Sideroxylon iti Wikispecies