Retlatur
Native to	Vanuatu
Region	Espiritu Santo
Native speakers	100 (2010)^[1]
Language family	Austronesian Malayo-Polynesian Oceanic Southern Oceanic North-Central Vanuatu North Vanuatu Espiritu Santo Retlatur
Language codes
ISO 639-3	None (`mis`)
ELP	Retlatur

Retlatur is an Espiritu Santo language of Vanuatu. There are about 100 speakers in Tanovusivusi village of southern Santo Island.^[1]

References

[edit]

^ ^a ^b Tryon, Darrell. 2010. The languages of Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu. In John Bowden and Nikolaus P. Himmelmann and Malcolm Ross (eds.), A journey through Austronesian and Papuan linguistic and cultural space: papers in honour of Andrew K. Pawley, 283-290. Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University.

Sources

[edit]

François, Alexandre; Franjieh, Michael; Lacrampe, Sébastien; Schnell, Stefan (2015), "The exceptional linguistic density of Vanuatu" (PDF), in François, Alexandre; Lacrampe, Sébastien; Franjieh, Michael; Schnell, Stefan (eds.), The Languages of Vanuatu: Unity and Diversity, Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia, Canberra: Asia Pacific Linguistics Open Access, pp. 1–21, ISBN 9781922185235
Tryon, Darrell. 2010. The languages of Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu. In John Bowden and Nikolaus P. Himmelmann and Malcolm Ross (eds.), A journey through Austronesian and Papuan linguistic and cultural space: papers in honour of Andrew K. Pawley, 283-290. Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University.

Languages of Vanuatu

Official languages

Indigenous
languages
(Southern
Oceanic
and Polynesian)

North
Vanuatu

Torres–Banks	Dorig Hiw Koro Lakon Lehali Lemerig Lo-Toga Löyöp Mota Mwerlap Mwesen Mwotlap Nume Olrat Vera'a Volow Vurës
Penama	Ambae East West North Ambrym Apma Baetora Fanbak Raga Saa Ske Sowa Sungwadaga Sungwadia
Espiritu Santo	Akei Amblong Ande Aore Araki Butmas Kiai Mavea Merei-Tiale Mores Narango Navut Nethalp Ngen Nokuku Piamatsina Polonombauk Sakao Tamambo Tambotalo Tangoa Tasmate Toksiki Tolomako Tutuba Valpei Vunapu Wailapa Wusi Moiso Kene Daruru Retlatur Atin Bura Farnanto Fanafo

Central
Vanuatu

Epi	Baki Bierebo Bieria Lamen Lewo Maii
Malakula	Aulua Avava Aveteian Axamb Big Nambas Botovro Burmbar Bwenelang Larëvat Lendamboi Litzlitz Malfaxal Malua Bay Maskelynes Nahavaq Nasarian Nasvang Nāti Navwien Nese Neve'ei Neverver Ninde Nisvai Nitita Port Sandwich Rerep Sörsörian Tape Tirax Unua Northeast Malakula Vao Vivti Rutan Alovas Najit Njav

South Vanuatu

Polynesian

Southern Oceanic languages

North
Vanuatu

Torres–Banks	Hiw Lo-Toga Lehali Löyöp Mwotlap Volow Lemerig Vera’a Vurës Mwesen Mota Nume Dorig Koro Olrat Lakon Mwerlap
Maewo–Ambae– North Pentecost	Sun̄wadia Sun̄wadaga Baetora Duidui Northeast Ambae Raga
South Pentecost	Ske Apma Sa
Espiritu Santo	Cape Cumberland Nokuku Tolomako Wusi Akei Tasiriki Tangoa Araki Tiale Merei Kiai M̈av̈ea Tutuba Aore Tamambo Mores Shark Bay Sakao

Nuclear
Southern
Oceanic

Central Vanuatu

South Vanuatu

Erromango	Sie / Erromangan Sorung † Ifo (Utaha) † Ura
Tanna	Kwamera (South Tanna) Southwest Tanna Lenakel (West Tanna) Whitesands (East Tanna) North Tanna
Aneityum

Loyalties–
New Caledonia

Loyalty Islands

New Caledonian

Southern	Ndrumbea Numèè Xârâcùù Xârâgurè Tîrî Zire † Ajië Arhö Arhâ Neku Orowe
Northern	Vamale Haveke Haeke Cèmuhî Paicî Pwaamei Pwapwa Bwatoo Hmwaveke Waamwang Fwâi Jawe Nemi Pije Caac Kumak Yuanga Nyâlayu

* indicates proposed status
? indicates classification dispute
† indicates extinct status

Austronesian languages

Formosan languages

Rukaic

Rukai

Tsouic

Northern

Atayalic	Atayal Seediq
Northwest Formosan	Saisiyat Pazeh † Kulon † Thao Babuza Favorlang † Papora-Hoanya †

East

Kavalanic	Basay † Kavalan Luilang †
Ami	Amis Sakizaya
Siraiyac	Siraya † Taivoan †

Southern ?

Malayo–Polynesian

Western branches of Malayo–Polynesian

Philippine
(linkage) ?

Northern Alta Southern Alta
Central Cordilleran	Balangao Bontoc Ifugao Isinai Itneg Kalinga Kankanaey Tuwali
Southern Cordilleran	Bugkalot Ibaloi Iwaak Kalanguya Karao Pangasinan

Central Luzon

Kapampangan Hatang Kayi (Remontado)
Sambalic	Abellen Ambala Mag-antsi Bolinao Botolan Mag-indi Mariveleño Sambal

Northern Mindoro

Greater Central
Philippine

Southern Mindoro

Central Philippine

Tagalogic	Filipino Kasiguranin Tagalog Old Tagalog † Batangueño
Bikol	Albay Bikol Central Bikol Isarog Agta Mount Iraya Agta Mount Iriga Agta Pandan Bikol Rinconada
Bisayan	Akeanon Asi Bantayanon Baybay Butuanon Caluyanon Capiznon Cebuano Boholano Old Cebuano † Cuyonon Hiligaynon Kabalian Karay-a Karolanos Magahat Masbateño Northern Sorsogon Onhan Porohanon Ratagnon Romblomanon Southern Sorsogon Sulod Surigaonon Tausug Waray
Mansakan	Davawenyo Kalagan Kamayo Mamanwa Mandaya Mansaka
(unclassified)	Ata †

Palawanic

Subanen

Western Subanon

Other branches

Ati Klata Umiray Dumaget
Manide–Alabat	Inagta Alabat Manide

Greater Barito *

Barito

Malagasy Bushi Deyah Malang Witu Balangan Maʼanyan Paku Lawangan Kohin Dohoi Siang Bakumpai Ngaju Ampanang Tunjung
Sama–Bajaw	Abaknon Bajaw Mapun Pangutaran Sama Sama West Coast Bajaw Yakan

Basap *

Greater
North Borneo *

North Borneo *

Northeast Sabah *

Southwest Sabah *

Greater
Dusunic *

Bisaya–Lotud	Brunei Bisaya Lotud
Dusunic	Kadazandusun Central Dusun Coastal Kadazan Kuijau Eastern Kadazan Kota Marudu Talantang Rungus / Momogun Klias River Kadazan
Paitanic	Tombonuwo Kinabatangan Abai Sungai Serudung

Greater
Murutic *

Tatana ? Papar
Murutic	Tagol Timugon Keningau Selungai Sembakung Baukan Okolod Paluan Ganaʼ Kalabakan Nonukan Tidong Sesayap Tidong

Malayo–Chamic *

Iban–Malayan

Sundanese

Sundanese
- Old Sundanese †
- Baduy
- Bantenese
- Cirebonese

Rejang ?

Rejang

Moklenic ?

Moken
Moklen

Sumatran *

Northwest Sumatra
–Barrier Islands

Enggano ? Gayo Mentawai Nias Sikule Simeulue
Batak	Alas Angkola Dairi Karo Simalungun Toba Mandailing

Nasal ?

Lampungic

Lampung
Lampung Nyo
Lampung Api
Komering

Javanese

Javanese
- Kawi / Old Javanese †
- Banyumasan
- Osing
- Tenggerese

Madurese

Kaili–Wolio *

Bugis

Seko–Badaic *

Seko	Budong-Budong Panasuan Seko Padang Seko Tengah
Badaic	Bada Behoa Napu

Northern

Mamuju Mandar
Massenrempulu	Duri Enrekang Maiwa Malimpung
Pitu Ulunna Salu	Aralle-Tabulahan Bambam Dakka Pannei Ulumandaʼ
Toraja	Kalumpang Mamasa Pattaeʼ Lawa Talondoʼ ? Toraja-Saʼdan

Lemolang

Isolates

Central Malayo-Polynesian languages

Bima

Bima

Sumba–Flores

Sumba–Hawu

Savu	Hawu Dhao
Sumba	Kambera Mamboru Anakalangu Wanukaka Pondok Baliledo Wejewa Lamboya Kodi Gaura

Western Flores

Flores–Lembata

Sika Kedang
Lamaholot	Lamaholot Alorese Lamatuka Lewo Eleng Levuka South Lembata Lamalera Lewotobi Adonara Ile Ape Mingar

Selaru

Kei–Tanimbar ?

Aru

Timoric *

Helong Tetum Idalaka
Central Timor *	Kemak Tukudede Mambai Bekais
Wetar–Galoli ?	Wetar Galoli Atauran
Kawaimina	Kairui Waimoa Midiki Naueti ? Habun ?
Luangic–Kisaric ?	Romang Kisar Leti Luang Makuva
Rote–Meto	Bilba Dengka Lole Ringgou Dela-Oenale Termanu Tii Uab Meto Amarasi
Babar	West Damar Dawera-Daweloor North Babar Dai Masela Serili Southeast Babar Emplawas Imroing Telaʼa
Southwest Maluku	East Damar Teun Nila Serua

Kowiai ?

Kowiai

Central Maluku *

Teor-Kur

West

East

Nunusaku

Kayeli † Nuaulu Huaulu Manusela Wemale Yalahatan
Piru Bay ?	Asilulu Luhu Manipa Wakasihu Boano Sepa-Teluti Paulohi Kaibobo Hitu Tulehu Laha Seit-Kaitetu Kamarian † Haruku Amahai Nusa Laut Saparua Latu

Eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages

SHWNG

Halmahera Sea

Ambel–Biga	Ambel Biga
Maya–Matbat	Maʼya Matbat
Maden	Maden Fiawat
As	As
South Halmahera	Gane Taba Buli Maba Patani Sawai Gebe

Cenderawasih

Biakic	Biak Dusner † Meoswar Roon
Yapen	Ambai Ansus Marau Wamesa Wooi Munggui Papuma Pom Serui-Laut Kurudu Wabo
Southwest	Yaur Yerisiam Umar

Oceanic

Admiralty

Yapese ?
Eastern	Manus Baluan-Pam Lenkau Lou Nauna Penchal
Western	Northern Kaniet † Southern Kaniet † Seimat Wuvulu Aua

Saint Matthias

Temotu

Utupua	Amba Asumboa Tanimbili
Vanikoro	Teanu Lovono Tanema
Reefs–Santa Cruz	Äiwoo Engdewu / Nanggu Natügu / Santa Cruz Nalögo Noipx

Southeast
Solomonic

Gela–Guadalcanal	Bugotu Gela Lengo Birao Ghari Malango Talise
Malaita– San Cristobal	Longgu Saʼa Arosi Fagani Bauro Kahua Owa Marau Wawa ? † Toʼabaita Baelelea Baeggu Fataleka Lau Kwaraʼae Wala Gulaʼalaa Kwaio Doriʼo ꞋAreꞌare Oroha

Western
Oceanic

Meso–
Melanesian

Willaumez

Bali-Vitu

Bali
Vitu

New Ireland–
Northwest
Solomonic

Tungag–Nalik	Kara Laxudumau Nalik Tiang Tigak Tungag
Tabar	Lihir Madara Notsi
Madak	Barok Lavatbura–Lamusong Madak
St. George	Bilur Fanamaket Guramalum † Kandas Konomala Label Lungalunga Niwer Mil Patpatar Ramoaaina Siar Sursurunga Tangga Tolai
Northwest Solomonic	Babatana Bannoni Blablanga Cheke Holo Gao Ghanongga Hahon Hakö Halia Hoava Kazukuru † Kokota Kusaghe Laghu † Lungga Marovo Mono-Alu Nduke Nehan Papapana Petats Piva Ririo Roviana Saposa Simbo Solos Teop Tinputz Torau Ughele Uruava † Vaghua Vangunu Varisi Zabana Zazao
Tomoip

North
New Guinea

Sarmi– Jayapura ?	Anus Bonggo Kayupulau Liki Masimasi Ormu Podena Kaptiau Sobei Tarpia Tobati Wakde Yamna
Schouten	Arop-Sissano Sera Sissano Ulau-Suain Tumleo Yakamul Kaiep Kairiru Terebu Biem Kis Manam Medebur Sepa Wogeo
Huon Gulf	Bukawa Kela Yabem Aribwatsa † Aribwaung Adzera Dangal Duwet Labu Maralango Mari Musom Nafi Silisili Wampar Wampur Hote Iwal Kapin Kumalu Mangga Buang Mapos Buang Mumeng Piu Vehes Yamap Numbami
Ngero–Vitiaz	Bariai Gitua Kove Lusi Malalamai Mutu Awad Bing Bilibil Gedaged Marik Matukar Mindiri Takia Wab Lamogai Mouk-Aria Aigon Karore Kaulong † Miu Sengseng Aiklep Akolet Apalik Avau Bebeli Gimi Lesing-Gelimi Mangseng Solong Lote Mamusi Mengen Arop-Lukep Karnai Malasanga Mur Pano Mato Ronji Amara Maleu Mbula Sio Tami

Papuan Tip

Nuclear	ʼAuhelawa Buhutu Bwanabwana Oyaʼoya Saliba Suau Unubahe Wagawaga Bwaidoka Diodio Iamalele Iduna Koluwawa Maiadomu Bunama Boselewa Dobu Duau Galeya Molima Mwatebu Sewa Bay Dawawa Kakabai Are Arifama-Miniafia Doga Gapapaiwa Ghayavi Kaninuwa Ubir Gweda Haigwai Maiwala Minaveha Taupota Tawala Yakaikeke Anuki Gumawana
Kilivila–Misima	Budibud Kilivila Misima Muyuw
Nimoa–Sudest	Nimoa Sudest

Southern
Oceanic

North
Vanuatu

Torres–Banks	Dorig Hiw Koro Lakon Lehali Lemerig Lo-Toga Löyöp Mota Mwerlap Mwesen Mwotlap Nume Olrat Veraʼa Volow Vurës
Maewo–Ambae– North Pentecost	Baetora Duidui Northeast Ambae Raga Sun̄wadaga Sun̄wadia
South Pentecost	Apma Sa Ske Sowa †
Espiritu Santo	Akei Aore † Araki Cape Cumberland Nokuku Kiai Mav̋ea Merei-Tiale Mores Sakao Shark Bay Tamambo Tangoa Tasiriki Tolomako Tutuba Wusi

Nuclear
Southern
Oceanic

Central
Vanuatu

Epi	Baki Bierebo Bieria Lamen Lewo Maii
Malakula	Aulua Avava Aveteian Axamb Big Nambas Botovro Burmbar Bwenelang Larëvat Lendamboi Litzlitz Malfaxal Malua Bay Maskelynes Nahavaq Nasarian Nasvang Nāti Navwien Nese Neveʻei Neverver Ninde Nisvai Nitita Port Sandwich Rerep Sörsörian Tape Tirax Unua Northeast Malakula Vao Vivti Rutan Alovas Najit Njav

South Vanuatu

Erromango	Erromanga / Sie Sorung † Ura Utaha / Ifo †
Tanna	Kwamera / South Tanna Lenakel / West Tanna North Tanna Southwest Tanna Whitesands / East Tanna
Aneityum

Loyalties–
New Caledonia

Loyalty Islands

New Caledonian

Southern	Ajië Arhâ Arhö Ndrumbea Neku Numèè Orowe Tîrî Xârâcùù Xârâgurè Zire †
Northern	Bwatoo Caac Cèmuhî Fwâi Haeke Haveke Hmwaveke Jawe Kumak Nemi Nyâlayu Paicî Pije Pwaamèi Pwapwâ Vamale Waamwang † Yuanga

Micronesian

Nauruan

Nuclear
Micronesian

Chuukic–
Pohnpeic

Chuukic	Carolinian Chuukese Mapia † Mortlockese Namonuito Pááfang Puluwatese Satawalese Sonsorol Tanapag Tobian Ulithian Woleaian
Pohnpeic	Mokilese Ngatikese Pingelapese Pohnpeian

Central
Pacific

West

East

Polynesian

Nuclear
Polynesian

Kapingamarangi Nuguria Nukumanu Nukuoro Ontong Java Sikaiana Takuu Tuvaluan
Samoic	Niuatoputapu † Samoan Tokelauan
Eastern	Austral Cook Islands Māori Hawaiian Mangareva Māori Moriori † Marquesan Penrhyn Rakahanga-Manihiki Rapa Rapa Nui Tahitian Tuamotuan
Futunic	Anuta Emae Futuna-Aniwa / West Futunan Futunan / East Futunan Mele-Fila Pukapukan Rennellese Tikopia Wallisian / East Uvean West Uvean

Tongic

* indicates proposed status
? indicates classification dispute
† indicates extinct status