This is a list of urban areas in the European Union with over 500,000 inhabitants as of 2022. The data comes from Demographia and the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs.[1][2] Demographia provides figures for urban areas (including conurbations),[1] while the UN DESA figures are a mix agglomerations, cities proper and metropolitan areas.[2] For comparison, Function Urban Area (FUA) population figures by Eurostat are also provided,[3] however, these measure the wider metropolitan areas.
Rank | Urban area | Image | State | Population (2023) (urban areas; Demographia)[1] | ESPON Population (Functional Urban Area)[4] | Population (UN)[2] | FUA population (metropolitan areas; Eurostat)[3] | Density (per km2; Demographia)[1] |
Annual growth rate (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Paris | ![]() |
![]() |
11,108,000 | 12,998,583 | 10,901,000 (agglomeration) | 13,125,142 (2020) | 3,893 | 1.83[5] |
2 | Madrid | ![]() |
![]() |
6,798,000 | 5,263,000 | 6,497,000 (city proper) | 6,982,656 (2022) | 4,980 | |
3 | Ruhr | ![]() |
![]() |
6,769,000 | 5,376,000 | N/A | N/A | 2,523 | |
4 | Milan | ![]() |
5,471,000 | 7,636,000 | 3,132,000 (metro) | 4,934,205 (2022) | 2,459 | ||
5 | Barcelona | ![]() |
![]() |
5,317,000 | 4,082,000 | 5,494,000 (city proper) | 5,093,585 (2022) | 4,959 | |
6 | Berlin | ![]() |
![]() |
4,286,000 | 4,016,000 | 3,552,000 (city proper) | 4,979,867 (2021) | 3,134 | |
7 | Naples | ![]() |
![]() |
3,653,000 | 3,714,000 | 2,198,000 (metro) | 3,303,711 (2022) | 3,544 | |
8 | Athens | ![]() |
![]() |
3,309,000 | 3,761,000 | 3,156,000 (agglomeration) | 3,828,434 (2011) | 5,678 | |
9 | Rome | ![]() |
![]() |
3,239,000 | 5,190,000 | 4,210,956 (metro) | 4,291,581 (2022) | 2,829 | |
10 | Rotterdam–The Hague | ![]() ![]() |
![]() |
3,027,000 | 1,904,000 | N/A | 3,035,679 (2022) | 2,981 | |
11 | Lisbon | ![]() |
![]() |
2,832,000 | 2,591,000 | 2,927,000 (metro) | 3,049,222 (2023) | 2,979 | |
12 | Budapest | ![]() |
![]() |
2,407,000 | 2,523,000 | 1,759,00 (city proper) | 3,001,643 (2022) | 2,414 | |
13 | Brussels | ![]() |
![]() |
2,238,000 | 2,639,000 | 2,050,000 (metro) | 3,350,969 (2022) | 2,572 | 0.02[6] |
14 | Cologne–Bonn | ![]() ![]() |
![]() |
2,218,000 | 3,070,000 | N/A | 3,005,728 (2021) | 2,845 | |
15 | Stockholm | ![]() |
![]() |
2,200,000 | 2,171,000 | 1,583,000 (agglomeration) | 2,308,143 (2018) | 2,598 | 0.58[6] |
16 | Hamburg | ![]() |
![]() |
2,189,000 | 2,983,000 | 1,793,000 (city proper) | 3,421,692 (2021) | 2,753 | |
17 | Munich | ![]() |
2,112,000 | 2,665,000 | 1,504,000 (city proper) | 3,016,834 (2021) | 4,384 | 0.72[6] | |
18 | Bucharest | ![]() |
![]() |
2,097,000 | 2,064,000 | 1,821,000 (city proper) | 2,412,530 (2015) | 5,092 | 0.10[6] |
19 | Frankfurt | ![]() |
![]() |
2,055,000 | 2,764,000 | n/a | 2,678,557 (2021) | 3,112 | |
20 | Vienna | ![]() |
![]() |
2,030,000 | 2,584,000 | 1,901,000 (city proper) | n/a | 6,029 | 1.04[6] |
21 | Warsaw | ![]() |
![]() |
2,028,000 | 2,785,000 | 1,768,000 (city proper) | 3,374,742 (2022) | 3,711 | |
22 | Katowice | ![]() |
![]() |
1,903,000 | 3,029,000 | N/A | 2,417,386 (2022) | 2,615 | |
23 | Amsterdam | ![]() |
![]() |
1,736,000 | 2,497,000 | 1,132,000 (agglomeration) | 2,915,114 (2022) | 3,565 | |
24 | Copenhagen | ![]() |
![]() |
1,650,000 | 2,350,000 | 1,321,000 (metro) | n/a | 2,922 | |
25 | Valencia | ![]() |
![]() |
1,547,000 | 1,398,000 | N/A | 1,775,845 (2022) | 3,930 | 0.29[6] |
26 | Turin | ![]() |
![]() |
1,492,000 | 1,601,000 | 1,786,000 (metro) | 1,712,372 (2022) | 3,919 | −0.16[6] |
27 | Lyon | ![]() |
![]() |
1,424,000 | 1,669,000 | 1,690,000 (agglomeration) | 2,280,845 (2019) | 3,089 | 0.50[6] |
28 | Marseille | ![]() |
1,406,000 | 1,530,000 | 1,599,000 (agglomeration) | 1,879,601 (2020) | 2,041 | 0.46[6] | |
29 | Stuttgart | ![]() |
1,397,000 | 2,289,000 | N/A | 2,531,040 (2020) | 2,931 | ||
30 | Dublin | ![]() |
![]() |
1,386,000 | 1,477,000 | 1,201,000 (agglomeration) | 1,793,902 (2011) | 3,006 | 1.14[6] |
31 | Porto | ![]() |
1,364,000 | 1,245,000 | 1,307,000 (agglomeration) | 1,316,989 (2023) | 1,715 | ||
32 | Lille | ![]() ![]() |
1,315,000 | 1,379,000 | 1,054,000 (agglomeration) | 1,515,061 (2020) | 2,489 | 0.50[6] | |
33 | Prague | ![]() |
![]() |
1,240,000 | 1,669,000 | 1,292,000 (city proper) | 2,216,746 (2022) | 4,023 | −0.07[6] |
34 | Helsinki | ![]() |
![]() |
1,146,000 | 1,285,000 | 1,279,000 (agglomeration) | 1,551,959 (2022) | 2,223 | 0.81[6] |
35 | Seville | ![]() |
![]() |
1,138,000 | 1,180,000 | N/A | 1,556,975 (2022) | 4,185 | |
36 | Sofia | ![]() |
![]() |
1,087,000 | 3,174,000 | 1,272,000 (agglomeration) | 1,531,867 (2022) | 5,246 | 0.78[6] |
37 | Antwerp | ![]() |
![]() |
1,070,000 | 1,406,000 | 1,032,000 (metro) | 1,157,068 (2022) | 1,608 | 0.05[6] |
38 | Toulouse | ![]() |
![]() |
946,000 | 832,000 | N/A | 1,470,899 (2020) | 1,864 | 0.72[6] |
39 | Utrecht | ![]() |
907,000 | 692,000 | N/A | 895,000 (2022) | 2,894 | ||
40 | Gdańsk | ![]() |
![]() |
874,000 | 993,000 | N/A | 1,223,884 (2021) | 2,909 | |
41 | Nice | ![]() |
![]() |
871,000 | 1,082,000 | N/A | 618,489 (2019) | 1,868 | 0.52[6] |
42 | Thessaloniki | ![]() |
![]() |
844,000 | 1,052,000 | N/A | 973,997 (2011) | 3,910 | 0.39[6] |
43 | Bordeaux | ![]() |
827,000 | 918,000 | N/A | 1,376,375 (2020) | 1,104 | 0.60[6] | |
44 | Łódź | ![]() |
![]() |
798,000 | 1,165,000 | N/A | 893,083 (2021) | 2,751 | |
45 | Bilbao | ![]() |
![]() |
782,000 | 947,000 | N/A | 1,041,059 (2022) | 5,297 | |
46 | Florence | ![]() |
![]() |
764,000 | 645,000 | N/A | 784,279 (2022) | 3,352 | |
47 | Palermo | ![]() |
747,000 | 861,000 | N/A | 986,721 (2022) | 4,241 | 0.12[6] | |
48 | Kraków | ![]() |
![]() |
744,000 | 1,236,000 | N/A | 1,489,912 (2021) | 3,503 | |
49 | Hanover | ![]() |
![]() |
742,000 | 997,000 | N/A | 1,289,320 (2021) | 2,558 | |
50 | Nuremberg | ![]() |
![]() |
720,000 | 1,443,000 | N/A | 1,181,541 (2021) | 3,055 | |
51 | Zaragoza | ![]() |
![]() |
707,000 | 639,000 | N/A | 770,370 (2022) | 4,789 | |
52 | Dresden | ![]() |
![]() |
698,000 | 882,000 | N/A | 965,353 (2021) | 2,567 | |
53 | Málaga | ![]() |
![]() |
692,000 | 944,000 | N/A | 887,146 (2022) | 5,138 | |
54 | Zagreb | ![]() |
![]() |
691,000 | 1,153,255 | N/A | 1,161,259 (2022) | 3,706 | |
55 | Catania | ![]() |
![]() |
687,000 | 707,000 | N/A | 643,274 (2022) | 2,550 | |
56 | Gothenburg | ![]() |
![]() |
629,000 | 759,000 | N/A | 1,021,831 (2018) | 2,198 | |
57 | Poznań | ![]() |
![]() |
680,000 | 919,000 | N/A | 1,051,414 (2021) | 2,004 | |
58 | Bergamo | ![]() |
660,000 | 662,000 | N/A | 310,020 (2022) | 2,022 | ||
59 | Mannheim | ![]() |
![]() |
658,000 | 683,000 | N/A | n/a | 2,920 | |
60 | Leipzig | ![]() |
![]() |
636,000 | 842,000 | N/A | 956,290 (2021) | 2,506 | |
61 | Wrocław | ![]() |
![]() |
635,000 | 861,000 | N/A | 963,311 (2021) | 2,636 | |
62 | Las Palmas | ![]() |
![]() |
619,000 | 640,000 | N/A | 630,900 (2022) | 2,879 | |
63 | Riga | ![]() |
![]() |
603,000 | 1,195,000 | N/A | 917,351 (2022) | 2,217 | |
64 | Bremen | ![]() |
![]() |
599,000 | 1,077,000 | N/A | 1,046,897 (2021) | 2,161 | |
65 | Nantes | ![]() |
![]() |
578,000 | 708,000 | N/A | 1,022,775 (2020) | 2,277 | |
66 | Aachen | ![]() |
![]() |
571,000 | 672,000 | N/A | 594,324 (2020) | 2,080 | |
67 | Vilnius | ![]() |
![]() |
550,000 | 680,000 | N/A | 716,856 (2021) | 1,966 | |
68 | Genoa | ![]() |
![]() |
546,000 | 694,000 | N/A | 681,459 (2022) | 7,027 | |
69 | Palma | ![]() |
![]() |
522,000 | 433,000 | N/A | 709,091 (2020) | 3,359 | |
70 | Santa Cruz | ![]() |
![]() |
510,000 | N/A | 520,728 (2021) | 4,688 |
Urban area | Image | State | ESPON Population (Functional Urban Area)[4] | FUA population (metropolitan areas; Eurostat)[7] |
---|---|---|---|---|
Aarhus | ![]() |
![]() |
845,971 | |
Oviedo–Gijón–Avilés | ![]() |
![]() |
844,000 | |
Alicante–Elche–Elda | ![]() |
![]() |
793,000 | |
Ostrava | ![]() |
709,768 | 713,812 (2017) | |
Bologna | ![]() |
![]() |
690,000 | 785,941 (2021) |
Malmö | ![]() |
658,050 | 669,741 (2018) | |
Grenoble | ![]() |
555,000 | 717,469 (2019) | |
Douai-Lens | ![]() ![]() |
![]() |
550,000 | |
Toulon | ![]() |
![]() |
518,000 | 573,230 (2019) |
Charleroi | ![]() |
![]() |
489,264 | |
Odense | ![]() |
![]() |
485,672 | |
Granada | ![]() |
![]() |
440,000 | 571,447 (2020) |
Vigo | ![]() |
![]() |
413,000 | 547,151 (2020) |
Montpellier | ![]() |
![]() |
801,595 (2019) | |
Eindhoven | ![]() |
![]() |
771,263 (2021) | |
Rennes | ![]() |
755,668 (2019) | ||
Brno | ![]() |
![]() |
727,759 (2017) | |
Bari | ![]() |
![]() |
727,549 (2021) | |
Heidelberg | ![]() |
![]() |
709,840 (2020) | |
Rouen | ![]() |
705,627 (2019) | ||
Augsburg | ![]() |
![]() |
684,705 (2020) | |
Bratislava | ![]() |
669,592 (2020) | ||
Kiel | ![]() |
![]() |
649,578 (2020) | |
Murcia | ![]() |
646,099 (2020) | ||
Catania | ![]() |
640,088 (2021) | ||
Tallinn | ![]() |
609,515 (2021) | ||
Ghent | ![]() |
![]() |
605,956 (2018) | |
Venice | ![]() |
![]() |
552,414 (2021) | |
Groningen | ![]() |
![]() |
543,707 (2021) | |
Plovdiv | ![]() |
542,407 (2020) | ||
Padua | ![]() |
535,922 (2021) | ||
Münster | ![]() |
535,879 (2020) | ||
Erfurt | ![]() |
524,565 (2020) | ||
Tours | ![]() |
519,778 (2019) | ||
Verona | ![]() |
517,271 (2021) | ||
Nancy | ![]() |
510,306 (2019) | ||
Clermont-Ferrand | ![]() |
507,479 (2019) |
Country | No. of cities |
---|---|
![]() |
19 |
![]() |
17 |
![]() |
15 |
![]() |
14 |
![]() |
7 |
![]() |
5 |
![]() |
5 |
![]() |
3 |
![]() |
2 |
![]() |
2 |