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((Short description|Irish railway company 1845 to 1924))
((Use dmy dates|date=October 2016))
((Use Hiberno-English|date=October 2016))
((more citations needed|date=August 2016))
((Infobox rail
| railroad_name     = Dublin and South Eastern Railway
| logo_filename     = 
| logo_size         = 
| system_map        = Map_of_Dublin_and_South_Eastern_Railway_1920.jpg
| map_caption       = 
| map_size          = 
| marks             = 
| image             = Irish 4-4-2T (46518266611).jpg
| image_size        = 300px
| image_caption     = [[DSER 20|35 Class]] 457 (ex-DSER No. 35) at [[Bray railway station|Bray]]
| locale            = 
| start_year        = 10 July 1854
| end_year          = 31 December 1924
| predecessor_line  = [[Dublin and Kingstown Railway]]<br>[[Dalkey Atmospheric Railway]]
| successor_line    = [[Great Southern Railways]]
| gauge             =  ((RailGauge|1600mm))
| old_gauge         = 
| electrification   = 
| length            = ((convert|156|mi|1|chain)) (1919)<ref name="RYB">((Cite book |title=The Railway Year Book for 1920 |publisher=The Railway Publishing Company Limited |year=1920 |location=London |pages=105))</ref>
| tracklength       = ((convert|218|mi|8|chain)) (1919)<ref name="RYB" />
| hq_city           = [[Dublin Pearse railway station|Westland Row station]]
| website           = 
))
[[File:Tourist map of Dublin, Wicklow, and Wexford Railway 1895.jpg|thumb|DW&WR 1895 map]]
The '''Dublin and South Eastern Railway''' (DSER), often referred to as the '''Slow and Easy''', was an [[Irish gauge]] (((RailGauge|1600mm))) railway in Ireland from 1846 to 1925. It carried 4,626,226 passengers in 1911.<ref name=":0">((Cite book|title = Railway Yearbook 1912|publisher = Railway Publishing Co|year = 1912|location = London|ref = 1912))</ref> It was the fourth largest railway operation in Ireland <!-- Including GNRI -->operating a main line from [[Dublin]] to ((rws|Wexford)), with branch lines to [[Shillelagh, County Wicklow|Shillelagh]] and ((rws|Waterford)).<ref name="JCMM-DSER"/>((rp|12))  The company previously traded under the names '''Waterford, Wexford, Wicklow & Dublin Railway''' (WWW&DR or 3WS) to 1848, '''Dublin and Wicklow Raillway''' (D&WR) to 1860 and '''Dublin, Wicklow and Wexford Railway''' (DW&WR) until 1906.<ref name="ES-DSER">((cite book|title=The Dublin & South Eastern Railway|last=Shepherd|first=Ernie|isbn=1 85780 082 6|publisher=Midland Publishing Ltd|date=1988|edition=1988|pages=19–22, 26, 29, 35, 59))</ref>

The DSER joined with the Great Southern Railway on 1 January 1925, the resultant company being known as [[Great Southern Railways]].<ref name="JCMM-DSER">((cite book|title=Locomotives of the GSR|isbn=9781906578268|last1=Clements|first1=Jeremy|last2=McMahon|first2=Michael|year=2008|publisher=Colourpoint Books))</ref>((rp|13–14))

==History==
It was incorporated by [[Act of Parliament]] in 1846 as the "Waterford, Wexford, Wicklow and Dublin Railway Company".<ref name="ES-DSER"/>((rp|20–21)) In 1860 it was renamed the "Dublin, Wicklow and Wexford Railway Company" and on 31 December 1906 it was renamed again as the DSER. Amongst the lines forming the DSER was the [[Dublin and Kingstown Railway]], which was authorised in 1831 and opened in 1834 – the first public railway in Ireland. The [[Dalkey Atmospheric Railway|Kingstown – Dalkey section]] was operated by [[Atmospheric railway|atmospheric traction]] for a short while. The railway formed part of the [[Royal Mail]] route between [[London]] and [[Dublin]] ''via'' [[Dún Laoghaire railway station]] at Kingstown (now [[Dún Laoghaire]]).

The DSER was much affected by the [[Irish Civil War]] including 31 major incidents. When added to shortages and inflationary costs arising from and after the [[First World War]] the DSER found itself, in common with other railway companies in Ireland, in difficult financial and operational conditions.<ref name="JCMM-DSER"/>((rp|11–14))

A railway bill of 1924 attempted to amalgamate the [[Great Southern and Western Railway]] (GS&WR), [[Midland Great Western Railway]] (MGWR) and DSER into the Great Southern Railway whose networks were entirely within the [[Irish Free State]]. The DSER, being part [[United Kingdom|British]] owned, stayed out of the merger which occurred on 12 November 1924, with a preference to merge with the [[Great Northern Railway (Ireland)|Great Northern Railway of Ireland]] (GNRI) which covered lines north from Dublin and throughout the North of Ireland. The DSER finally merged with the Great Southern Railway to form the [[Great Southern Railways]] (GSR) on 1 January 1925.<ref name="JCMM-DSER"/>((rp|11–14))

===Predecessors and extensions===

====Dublin and Kingstown Railway====
((Main|Dublin and Kingstown Railway))
The [[Dublin and Kingstown Railway]] (D&KR) was Ireland's first railway. It linked Westland Row in Dublin with Kingstown Harbour in County Dublin. It was authorised in 1831, and the first part of the line running from Dublin to Kingstown Pier was opened on 17 December 1834, with an extension to [[Dún Laoghaire|Kingstown]] ( Dún Laoghaire station's current location) opened on 13 May 1837.

====Dalkey Atmospheric Railway====
((Main|Dalkey Atmospheric Railway))
The [[Dalkey Atmospheric Railway]] was an extension of the Dublin and Kingstown Railway to Atmospheric Road in Dalkey in County Dublin. It was unofficially opened as far as Sandycove on 19 August 1843. The route from Sandycove to Dalkey (atmospheric station) was opened on 19 March 1844, in time for the official opening of the on 29 March 1844. It used part of the Dalkey Quarry industrial tramway, which was earlier used for the construction of Kingstown (Dún Laoghaire) Harbour. It was the first railway of its type in the world.

====Dublin and Wicklow Railway Company====
[[File:Railroad, County Wicklow.jpg|thumb|Coastal railway line between [[Bray, County Wicklow|Bray]] and [[Greystones, County Wicklow|Greystones]].]]
The entity that became the DSER was incorporated by [[Act of Parliament]] in 1846 as the "Waterford, Wexford, Wicklow and Dublin Railway Company",<ref name="ES-DSER"/>((rp|20–21)) with the name changing to Dublin and Wicklow Railway at the same time.<ref name="ES-DSER"/>((rp|22)) They leased the Dublin and Kingstown railway in 1854, converted it from ((RailGauge|impsg)) gauge to their ((RailGauge|5ft3in)) gauge. The remainder of the line to Wexford was opened over the next 20 years in stages.

The first section of D&W line from ((tstop|Dundrum|Luas)) and ((rws|Dalkey)) to ((rws|Bray)) was opened on 10 July 1854. A continuous route from Dublin to Wicklow was established the following year, when the section from the Dublin and Kingston terminus at Dalkey (atmospheric station) to D&W's Dalkey station was opened on 10 October 1855, and the extension from Bray to ((rws|Wicklow)) (Murrough) opened 3 weeks later on 30 October. The line to Harcourt Road (later ((stn|Harcourt Street))) became the main line while the line to Westland Row became the branch until it was double tracked in 1882 and became a second main line. [[Coastal erosion]] has been a problem on the route to Wicklow, forcing the opening of a deviation between Ballybrack and Bray on 1 October 1915, and numerous deviations between Bray and Wicklow.

In 1860 it was renamed the "Dublin, Wicklow and Wexford Railway Company" in keeping with the southwards expansion of the railway.

====Dublin, Wicklow and Wexford Railway Company====
The line was extended onward to ((rws|Enniscorthy)) in the early 1860s, starting with the line from Wicklow Junction to ((rws|Rathdrum)) (Kilcommon), which opened on 20 August 1861. At this time the line from Wicklow Junction to the Murrough station was bypassed. It remained in use as a freight station and saw occasional passenger services. This was followed by further extensions to [[Avoca, County Wicklow|Ovoca]] (Avoca) on 18 July 1863 and ((rws|Enniscorthy)) on 16 November 1863 and [[Shillelagh branch line|branch line to Shillelagh]] in 1865.

In the early 1870s the route was finally completed to [[Wexford]]. The route from Enniscorthy to the original Wexford Station (Carcur) was opened on 17 August 1872. It was extended to [[Wexford railway station|Wexford North]], the current station, in August 1874.

====Branch To Waterford====
A branch was opened to [[New Ross]] in 1887. This left the main line at Macmine near Wexford. It was extended from New Ross to Waterford in 1904. This extension connected with the [[Great Southern and Western Railway]], which in turn connected with trains for the south of Ireland.

====City of Dublin Junction Railway====
The City of Dublin Junction railway opened on 1 May 1891. This connected the DW&W at Westland Row station with [[Dublin Connolly railway station|Amiens Street station]] in the north of the city.

==Network and Infrastructure==
The DSER had two main stations in [[Dublin]] on separate lines; [[Dublin Pearse railway station|Westland Row]] (renamed Pearse Station in 1966) for the [[Dublin Coastal Line|coastal line]] and a terminus at ((rws|Harcourt Street)) for the [[Harcourt Street railway line|Harcourt Street line]]. It also owned the Marine Station Hotel at Bray and the Grand Central Hotel at Rathdrum, south of Wicklow.

===Grand Canal Street railway works((Anchor|GCSworks))===
((Main|Grand Canal Street railway works))
The locomotive workshop for the DSER was the ''Grand Canal Street railway works'', also known as ''The Factory'', a two-storey converted [[wikt:distillery|distillery]] at Grand Canal Street, [[Dublin]].  With no lifting crane and poor workshop layout the works was increasingly stretched by larger locomotives and the shortages from the [[First World War]] and damages due to the [[Irish Civil War]].<ref name="JCMM-DSER"/>((rp|129–132))

==Rolling Stock==
According to the Railway Year Book 1912,<ref name=":0" /> the railway operated 60 locomotives, hauling 253 passenger coaches and 1,005 goods vehicles. The locomotives were painted black picked out with red bands and gold lines, while the passenger vehicles were crimson lake with gold lines.

One DSER [[steam locomotive]] is preserved: a [[2-6-0]] goods locomotive [[DSER 15 and 16|No. 15]] (later [[Great Southern Railways]] No. 461) owned by the [[Railway Preservation Society of Ireland]] at [[Whitehead, County Antrim]].

==Accidents and incidents==
[[File:Bray Head railway accident, 1867.jpg|thumb|Bray Head in 1867]]
*A derailment on 9 August 1867 at the Brandy Hole Viaduct resulted in the train and most of the coaches falling into the sea below. Two passengers were killed, and there were a further 25 injuries.<ref>((Cite web|url = http://www.railwaysarchive.co.uk/documents/BoT_BrayHead1867.pdf|title = Board of Trade, Bray Head, 1867|website = Railways Archive|access-date = 7 September 2015|archive-date = 24 September 2015|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150924111520/http://www.railwaysarchive.co.uk/documents/BoT_BrayHead1867.pdf|url-status = live))</ref>
[[File:Harcourt St train crash 1900.jpg|thumb|1900 train crash at Harcourt Street station into Hatch Street Upper]]
*On 20 February 1900, a cattle train overran buffers at ((rws|Harcourt Street)) station, [[Dublin]].<ref name=Trevenna>((cite book |last=Trevena |first=Arthur |title=Trains in Trouble: Vol. 1. |year=1980 |publisher=Atlantic Books |location=Redruth |isbn=0-906899-01-X |page=15 ))</ref>
*On 29 February 1908, two shunters; Timothy Doyle and William Needham were killed after a carriage they were pushing collided with a steam engine travelling tender at [[Bray Daly railway station|Bray Station]].<ref>((Cite web |last=Esbester |first=Mike |date=2024-02-27 |title=One extra day – lots of extra accidents |url=https://www.railwayaccidents.port.ac.uk/one-extra-day-lots-of-extra-accidents/ |access-date=2024-04-25 |website=Railway Work, Life & Death |language=en-US))</ref>

==See also==
* [[Dublin-Rosslare railway line]]
* [[Harcourt Street railway line]]
* [[History of rail transport in Ireland]]

== References ==
<references />

==Further reading==
* ((cite book |last1=Shepherd |first1=Ernest W.|year=1974|title=The Dublin & South Eastern Railway
      |publisher=David & Charles|location=Newton Abbott|isbn=0715363611 |oclc=1200293527|ol=5108145M))
* ((cite book |last1=Shepherd |first1=Ernest W.|last2=Beesley |first2=Gerry |year=2003
      |title=The Dublin and South Eastern Railway: An Illustrated History |orig-year=1998 |location=Leicester, Shepperton
      |publisher=[[Ian Allan Publishing#Company Acquisitions|Midland Publishing]] |isbn=1-85780-082-6 ))
*((cite book|title=Official Tourist Guide of the Dublin and Wicklow Railway|last=Hennessy|first=A. T.|date=1895|url=http://access.bl.uk/item/pdf/lsidyv35536529|access-date=29 October 2019))

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070211090132/http://www.rpsi-online.org/locomotives/loco461.htm No. 461 at Whitehead]

[[Category:Defunct railway companies of Ireland]]
[[Category:Irish gauge railways]]
[[Category:Railway companies disestablished in 1925]]

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