You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reasons:

This IP address has been blocked from editing Wikipedia.
This does not affect your ability to read Wikipedia pages.
Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong. Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.

The IP address or range 44.214.0.0/16 has been blocked by ‪Blablubbs‬ for the following reason(s):

The IP address that you are currently using has been blocked because it is believed to be a web host provider or colocation provider. To prevent abuse, web hosts and colocation providers may be blocked from editing Wikipedia.
You will not be able to edit Wikipedia using a web host or colocation provider because it hides your IP address, much like a proxy or VPN.
We recommend that you attempt to use another connection to edit. For example, if you use a proxy or VPN to connect to the internet, turn it off when editing Wikipedia. If you edit using a mobile connection, try using a Wi-Fi connection, and vice versa. If you are using a corporate internet connection, switch to a different Wi-Fi network. If you have a Wikipedia account, please log in.
If you do not have any other way to edit Wikipedia, you will need to request an IP block exemption.

How to appeal if you are confident that your connection does not use a colocation provider's IP address:
If you are confident that you are not using a web host, you may appeal this block by adding the following text on your talk page: ((unblock|reason=Caught by a colocation web host block but this host or IP is not a web host. My IP address is _______. Place any further information here. ~~~~)). You must fill in the blank with your IP address for this block to be investigated. Your IP address can be determined here. Alternatively, if you wish to keep your IP address private you can use the unblock ticket request system. There are several reasons you might be editing using the IP address of a web host or colocation provider (such as if you are using VPN software or a business network); please use this method of appeal only if you think your IP address is in fact not a web host or colocation provider.

Administrators: The IP block exemption user right should only be applied to allow users to edit using web host in exceptional circumstances, and requests should usually be directed to the functionaries team via email. If you intend to give the IPBE user right, a CheckUser needs to take a look at the account. This can be requested most easily at SPI Quick Checkuser Requests. Unblocking an IP or IP range with this template is highly discouraged without at least contacting the blocking administrator.

This block will expire on 16:45, 10 January 2025. Your current IP address is 44.214.4.121.

Even when blocked, you will usually still be able to edit your user talk page, as well as email administrators and other editors.

For information on how to proceed, please read the FAQ for blocked users and the guideline on block appeals. The guide to appealing blocks may also be helpful.

Other useful links: Blocking policy · Help:I have been blocked
This IP address range has been globally blocked.
This does not affect your ability to read Wikipedia pages.
Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong. Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.

This block affects editing on all Wikimedia wikis.
The IP address or range 44.214.0.0/16 has been globally blocked by ‪AntiCompositeNumber‬ for the following reason(s):

Open proxy/Webhost: Visit the FAQ if you are affected

This block will expire on 13:57, 18 February 2025. Your current IP address is 44.214.4.121.

Even while globally blocked, you will usually still be able to edit pages on Meta-Wiki.

If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the No open proxies global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please post a request for review on Meta-Wiki. You could also send an email to the stewards VRT queue at stewards@wikimedia.org including all above details.

Other useful links: Global blocks · Help:I have been blocked

You can view and copy the source of this page:

((distinguish|text = the [[Canadian Mental Health Association]] (CMHA)))
((use dmy dates|date=May 2024))
((Infobox hospital
| Name = ((nowrap|Centre for Addiction and Mental Health))
| Org/Group = <!-- optional -->
| Image = camh_queen_st.jpg
| Caption = CAMH Queen Street Site.
| Logo = Centre_for_Addiction_and_Mental_Health.svg
| Logo Size = 200px
| Location = [[Toronto]]
| State = Ontario
| Country = Canada
| HealthCare = Medicare
| Type = Teaching
| Standards = <!-- optional if no national standards -->
| Emergency = Yes
| Affiliation = [[University of Toronto]]
| Speciality = Psychiatric
| Beds = 493
| Funding = Government
| Founded = 1998
| former-names = Queen Street Mental Health Centre<br />Clarke Institute of Psychiatry<br />Addiction Research Foundation<br />Donwood Institute
| Closed = <!-- optional -->
| Website = ((url|https://www.camh.ca))
| Wiki-Links = <!-- optional -->
))

The '''Centre for Addiction and Mental Health''' ('''CAMH''', pronounced ((IPAc-en|k|ae|m|.|ei|tS)) ((respell|KAM|aytch)), ((lang-fr|'''Centre de toxicomanie et de santé mentale'''))<!--French is federally one of Canada's two official languages, a recognized minority language in Ontario, and one of two languages on the centre's sign: https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/police-mental-crisis-1.5623907-->) is a [[psychiatric hospital|psychiatric]] [[teaching hospital]] located in [[Toronto]] and ten community locations throughout the province of [[Ontario]], Canada. It reports being the largest research facility in Canada for mental health and addictions. The hospital was formed in 1998 from the amalgamation of four separate institutions – the Queen Street Mental Health Centre, the Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, the Addiction Research Foundation, and the Donwood Institute.<ref>((cite web|url=https://peel.cioc.ca/record/CMH0002 |title=Centre for Addiction and Mental Health |publisher=Peel.cioc.ca |date=2019-05-09 |access-date=2020-02-20))</ref> It is Canada's largest mental health teaching hospital, and the only stand-alone psychiatric emergency department in Ontario.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.toronto.com/news-story/4959156-camh-officially-opens-new-7-million-psychiatric-emergency-department/|title=CAMH officially opens new $7-million psychiatric emergency department|first=Hilary|last=Caton|date=4 November 2014|website=Toronto.com))</ref> CAMH has 90 distinct clinical services across inpatient, outpatient, day treatment, and partial hospitalization models. CAMH has been the site of major advancements in psychiatric research, including the discovery of the [[Dopamine receptor D2]].<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.the-scientist.com/uncategorized/drugs-from-d2-43570 |title=Drugs from D2 &#124; The Scientist Magazine® |publisher=The-scientist.com |access-date=2020-02-20))</ref>

== History ==
CAMH was formed from the 1998 merger of the Queen Street Mental Health Centre with the Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, Addiction Research Foundation, and Donwood Institute.<ref name="scrivener2007">Scrivener, Leslie (25 February 2007). [https://www.thestar.com/printArticle/185477 Breakout at the asylum.] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607175036/http://www.thestar.com/printArticle/185477 |date=2011-06-07)) ''[[Toronto Star]]''</ref>

===Queen Street Mental Health Centre===
[[File:TorontoAsylumQueenStOssington.jpg|thumb|right|Queen Street Asylum for the Insane, 1910]]
The Provincial Lunatic Asylum opened on 26 January 1850. It was subsequently renamed Asylum for the Insane, then Hospital for the Insane, then Ontario Hospital (1919), and then the Queen Street Mental Health Centre (1966). It had also been called the Toronto Lunatic Asylum and 999 Queen Street West.<ref name="everett2000">Everett, Barbara (2000). ''A Fragile Revolution: Consumers and Psychiatric Survivors Confront the Power of the Mental Health System''. Wilfrid Laurier University Press. ((ISBN|0-88920-342-3))</ref><ref name="torontoist">((cite web|last=Horowitz |first=Corey |url=http://torontoist.com/2015/02/the-ongoing-evolution-of-camh/ |title=The Ongoing Evolution of CAMH |publisher=Torontoist.com |date=2015-02-05 |access-date=2018-01-21))</ref>

The original buildings were constructed in a series of rigid lines and sharp angles, consistent with the belief at the time that orderly physical structure would facilitate orderly mental states for the patients. High walls segregated the patients from the community, establishing a long-standing stigma about the facility.<ref name="torontoist" />

The Queen Street Site of CAMH contained the Samuel A. Malcolmson Lecture Theatre, named for the site's Chief Psychiatrist and Clinical Director of Forensics. In 2009, however, Malcolmson was subject to a disciplinary hearing of Ontario's College of Physicians and Surgeons, following that he sexually abused a patient and fathered a child with her. Malcomson pleaded "no contest" and resigned his license to practice. The lecture hall was renamed the Queen Street Auditorium.<ref>((cite web|date=18 June 2009| title=CAMH theatre renamed after scandal|publisher=National Post|url=http://www.canada.com/story.html?id=17cd7fd4-32e5-4e56-abad-4126dfa691e1)) ((dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes))</ref><ref>((cite web|first=Michelle |last=Mandel|date=12 June 2009|publisher= Toronto Sun|url=http://www.torontosun.com/news/columnists/michele_mandel/2009/06/12/9771256-sun.html|title=Michele Mandel Column))</ref>

Reforms were made after a series of deaths at the Queen Street Mental Health Centre and newspaper accounts of involuntary drug treatment, electroshock therapy, and prison-like conditions.<ref name="goar2008">((cite web|last=Goar|first= Carol|date=13 June 2008 |archive-date=17 April 2024|archive-url=https://archive.today/20240417033616/https://www.thestar.com/opinion/mental-health-progress-and-pain/article_6a4ceb6e-6b5e-5221-b84b-11b687037adf.html |url=https://www.thestar.com/opinion/mental-health-progress-and-pain/article_6a4ceb6e-6b5e-5221-b84b-11b687037adf.html |title=Mental health progress and pain|publisher=[[Toronto Star]]))</ref><ref name="straightjacket">((cite book|date=1 January 2002|title=No straitjacket required: a growing and vocal group of psychiatric survivors argues that diagnosing mental disorders is just a way to stifle social dissent ... |publisher=This Magazine))</ref>

===Clarke Institute of Psychiatry===
[[Image:CAMH Toronto6520.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (College Street site)|CAMH College Street site]]]]
The institute was founded in 1966 and officially opened by Ontario Premier [[John P. Robarts]].  It was named the Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, after [[Charles Kirk Clarke]], a pioneer in mental health in Canada. The institute took over the clinical, teaching, and research functions of the Toronto Psychiatric Hospital, located at 2 Surrey Place, which opened in 1925 under [[Clarence B. Farrar]]. The Institute served as the main psychiatry teaching hospital for the University of Toronto and was the headquarters for the Department of Psychiatry in the Faculty of Medicine. The first Medical and Executive Director of the Clarke was Charles Roberts, and the first Psychiatrist-in-Chief (and Professor and Head of the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Toronto) was Aldwyn B. Stokes. When Stokes retired in 1967, the administration was reorganized, and [[Robin Hunter (psychiatrist)|Robin Hunter]] became Medical Director and Psychiatrist-in-Chief.<ref>((cite book|publisher=Archives Association of Ontario|title=Fonds – Toronto Psychiatric Hospital/Clarke Institute of Psychiatry|url=http://www.archeion.ca/toronto-psychiatric-hospital-clarke-institute-of-psychiatry-fonds))</ref>

Fredrick H. Lowy served as Psychiatrist-in-Chief of the Clarke from 1974 until 1980, followed by Vivian Rakoff from 1980 to 1990, and Paul E. Garfinkel from 1990 until the Clarke's 1998 merger into CAMH.<ref name="psychiatry">((cite web|publisher=University of Toronto Department of Psychiatry|title=About us|url=http://www.psychiatry.utoronto.ca/about/|access-date=2016-02-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160214212733/http://www.psychiatry.utoronto.ca/about/|archive-date=2016-02-14|url-status=dead))</ref>

Upon its merger into CAMH in 1998, the Clarke building become known as the [[Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (College Street site)|CAMH College Street site]]. [[Conrad Black]] has been a generous supporter of the Clarke Institute of Psychiatry.<ref>((cite news|agency=The Canadian Press|date=31 January 2014|title= Conrad Black stripped of the Order of Canada|publisher=The Globe and Mail|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/conrad-black-stripped-of-the-order-of-canada/article16644365/))</ref>

==== Rent increase====
In 2015, CAMH's facilities at the College St. site were put in jeopardy following notice of a rent increase from $1.2 million to $4 million per year, at the renewal of its 20-year lease.<ref>((cite news|first=Jamie |last=Strashin|title=CAMH says crippling rent increase puts College Street location in jeopardy: Coun. Joe Cressy says property owner using 'bully tactics'|publisher=CBC News|date=7 July 2015|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/camh-says-crippling-rent-increase-puts-college-street-location-in-jeopardy-1.3140424))</ref><ref>((cite web|first=Geoffrey |last=Vendeville|date=7 July 2015|publisher=Toronto Star|title=Sudden rent hike puts CAMH College St. facility in jeopardy|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2015/07/07/sudden-rent-hike-puts-camh-college-st-facility-in-jeopardy.html))</ref> CAMH valued its property at $25 million, whereas the hospital's landlord, [[Brookfield Asset Management]], valued it at $100 million. Brookfield turned down CBC's interview requests. A government arbitrator was appointed who valued the property at $55 million, yielding a rent increase that CAMH was reportedly able to pay.<ref>((cite news|publisher=CBC News|date=19 November 2015|title=CAMH 24-hour College Street location will likely stay|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/camh-stay-college-street-location-1.3326002))</ref>

===Addiction Research Foundation===
The Addiction Research Foundation (ARF), then named the Alcoholism Research Foundation was founded in 1949, when H. David Archibald, who had studied at the School of Alcohol Studies at [[Yale University]], was hired by the [[Liquor Control Board of Ontario]]. His mandate was to determine the scope of alcoholism in Ontario. He was named executive director when ARF opened and remained in that post until 1976. Focusing initially on outpatient treatment, their first facility was [[Brookside Hospital]] in 1951, expanding to branch offices and new locations in 1954, the same year they set up in-house research. In 1961, formally renamed the Alcoholism and Drug Addiction Research Foundation of Ontario, ARF expanded its mission to include drugs. In 1971, they expanded to a clinical teaching hospital called the Clinical Research and Treatment Institute. In 1978 ARF opened the School for Addiction Studies and expanded their international role in policy development and research. Following provincial hospital restructuring in the 1990s, ARF was folded in 1998 into CAMH.<ref name="blocker2003">Blocker JS, Fahey DM, Tyrrell IR. ''Alcohol and temperance in modern history: an international encyclopedia.'' ABC-CLIO 2003. ((ISBN|1-57607-833-7)) pp. 3–4.</ref>

===Donwood Institute===
In 1946, [[Gordon Bell (physician)|R. Gordon Bell]] opened a clinic in his own home for people needing mental health services. There existed an Ontario statute allowing doctors to take up to four patients into their homes without a hospital license. To his surprise, his only patients all suffered from alcoholism. It soon became necessary to move to larger facilities. To expand capacity, Bell opened Shadow Brook, which operated from 1947 to 1954, and then the Bell Clinic, which operated from 1954 to 1966.<ref>((cite book|url=http://www.archeion.ca/donwood-institute-fonds |title=Donwood Institute fonds - Archeion |publisher=Archeion.ca |date=1985-05-26 |access-date=2018-01-21))</ref> The Donwood Institute then opened in 1967,<ref>((Cite web|url=https://leasidelife.com/donwood-comes-back-to-camh/|title=Donwood comes back to CAMH|date=2 May 2016))</ref> with 47 beds and a 4-month waiting list in the 1980s. Still focused on [[Substance use disorder|substance use]], it claimed a 65% recovery rate for general population and an 85% recovery rate among physicians with addictions.<ref name="shilliday1983">((cite journal | author = Shilliday Greg | date = May 1983 | title = The Donwood Institute: resort of last resort | url = http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?artid=1875283&blobtype=pdf | journal = Can Med Assoc J | volume = 128 | issue = 10| pages = 1220–1221 | pmc = 1875283 | pmid=6839246))</ref>

===CAMH Queen St. Site Redevelopment ===
[[File:Bellgateway camh.jpg|thumb|right|alt=CAMH Queen St. Site, Bell Gateway Building|CAMH Queen St. Site, Bell Gateway Building]]
[[File:CAMH intergenerational building.jpg|thumb|right|alt=CAMH Queen St. Site, Intergenerational Wellness Centre|CAMH Queen St. Site, Intergenerational Wellness Centre]]

CAMH has been undergoing a three phase redevelopment centered at its Queen Street site, with four goals:
1) Deliver a new model of care and provide a healthy environment that promotes recovery;
2) Bring together the best research, clinical, education, health promotion, and policy experts in one place to change the future of mental health and addictions;
3) Revitalize the City of Toronto by opening up their site and by creating an inclusive new nine-block neighbourhood that benefits all and,
4) Change attitudes by breaking down barriers to eliminate the stigma of mental health.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.camh.net/News_events/Redeveloping_the_Queen_Street_site/index.html |title=Redeveloping the Queen Street Site |publisher=CAMH |access-date=2018-01-21))</ref> Phase 1A was undertaken by Eastern Construction and completed in 2008<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.canadianarchitect.com/features/mind-over-matter/|title=Mind Over Matter|publisher=Canadian Architect|access-date=21 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122071857/https://www.canadianarchitect.com/features/mind-over-matter/|archive-date=22 January 2018|url-status=dead))</ref> and Phase 1B was undertaken by [[Carillion]] and completed in 2012.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.camh.ca/en/hospital/about_camh/CAMH_redevelopment/redevelopment_updates/about_phase_1B/Pages/faqscommunityredevelopment.aspx|title=Phase 1B Redevelopment Project Questions & Answers|publisher=CAMH|access-date=21 January 2018))</ref> Phase 1C is being undertaken by [[PCL Construction]] and is expected to be complete in 2020.<ref>((cite web|url=https://plenarygroup.com/projects/north-america/centre-for-addiction-and-mental-health-phase-1c|title=Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Phase 1C|publisher=Plenary|access-date=21 January 2018))</ref>

In 2008, CAMH announced the completion of four new buildings (forming Phase 1A of the project) to accommodate CAMH's Addiction and Mood & Anxiety Programs.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.camh.ca/en/hospital/about_camh/CAMH_redevelopment/phase1A/Pages/default.aspx|title=Phase 1A: 2005-2008|publisher=CAMH|access-date=21 January 2018))</ref>

The Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute was established with a $30 million donation in 2011 from Linda Campbell, Gaye Farncombe, and Susan Grange, each granddaughters of Canadian magnate [[Roy Thomson, 1st Baron Thomson of Fleet|Roy Thomson]] and nieces of [[Kenneth Thomson, 2nd Baron Thomson of Fleet|Ken Thomson]]. CAMH CEO, Catherine Zahn, said research on the brain is the most promising pathway to progress in mental illness research.<ref>((cite web|url=http://toronto.ctvnews.ca/camh-gets-monumental-30m-donation-for-research-centre-1.732526 |title=CAMH gets 'monumental' $30M donation for research centre &#124; CTV Toronto News |publisher=Toronto.ctvnews.ca |date=2011-11-28 |access-date=2018-01-21))</ref> Bell donated $10 million to CAMH in 2011, reportedly the largest corporate gift in Canada to mental illness.<ref>((cite news|publisher=The Canadian Press|date=11 May 2011 |title=CAMH gets record $10M donation from Bell|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/camh-gets-record-10m-donation-from-bell-1.1101049))</ref>

In 2012, CAMH announced the completion of three new buildings (forming Phase 1B of the project): the Bell Gateway Building for the central administration, a utilities and parking building, and the Intergenerational Wellness Centre which includes 12 new beds for youth ages 14–18.<ref>((cite news|publisher=CBC News|date=21 June 2012|title=Toronto's 'new' Centre for Addiction and Mental Health opens|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/toronto-s-new-centre-for-addiction-and-mental-health-opens-1.1195031))</ref>

[[Margaret McCain]], the former lieutenant-governor of New Brunswick and widow of [[McCain Foods]] co-founder [[Wallace McCain]], donated $10 million to CAMH in 2012 to establish the Margaret and Wallace McCain Centre for Child, Youth and Family Mental Health.<ref>((cite web|publisher=The Canadian Press|date=April 25, 2012|title=Margaret McCain donates $10 million to CAMH|url=http://toronto.ctvnews.ca/margaret-mccain-donates-10-million-to-camh-1.801326))</ref> In 2013, the Slaight Family donated to $50 million to health care institutions, of which CAMH received $10 million. The donation permitted the opening of a centre dedicated to identifying and treating early signs of mental illness in youth.<ref>((cite web|first=Maryam |last=Shah|date=29 October 2013|title=Slaight family donates $50M to hospitals|publisher= Toronto Sun|url=http://www.torontosun.com/2013/10/29/slait-family-donates-50m-to-hospitals))</ref>

In 2014, philanthropist and business executive Andrew Fass donated $1,000,000 to CAMH for the hospital to create a wellness program for its staff.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.marketwired.com/press-release/million-dollar-gift-to-create-healthier-workplaces-1960542.htm |title=Million Dollar Gift to Create Healthier Workplaces |publisher=Marketwired.com |date=2014-10-23 |access-date=2018-01-21))</ref> In 2016, Fass withdrew his donation, saying that CAMH was unable to show how they were spending the money.<ref name="global-2016-09-29">((cite web|url=http://globalnews.ca/news/2973050/philanthropist-rescinds-1-million-donation-from-camh-citing-lack-of-transparency/ |title=Philanthropist rescinds $1 million donation from CAMH citing lack of transparency |publisher=Globalnews.ca |date=2016-09-29 |access-date=2018-01-21))</ref> The grant was to be used for CAMH's "Well@Work" program, an initiative to provide Canadian workplaces with training to identify risks of mental illness and strategies to support employees in need.<ref name="star-2016-09-29">((cite web|author=Sammy Hudes |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2016/09/29/camh-loses-1-million-donation-due-to-issues-of-accountability.html |title=CAMH loses $1 million donation due to 'issues of accountability' &#124; Toronto Star |work=Thestar.com |date=2016-09-29 |access-date=2018-01-21))</ref>

CAMH opened the Emergency Department in 2014, funded by a $2.5 million private donation and a $4.2 million grant from the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care.<ref>((cite web|first=Hilary |last=Caton|date=4 November 2014 |title=CAMH officially opens new $7-million psychiatric emergency department|publisher=Inside Toronto|url=http://www.insidetoronto.com/news-story/4959156-camh-officially-opens-new-7-million-psychiatric-emergency-department/))</ref>

In 2016, CAMH constructed a sweat lodge for [[Aboriginal peoples in Canada|Aboriginal]] patients in order to promote spiritual, physical, and emotional healing.<ref name="cbc2016">((cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/indigenous/camh-bolsters-sweat-lodge-for-indigenous-clients-1.3651943 |title=CAMH bolsters treatment services for Aboriginal patients with sweat lodge - CBC News &#124; Indigenous |publisher=Cbc.ca |date=2016-06-24 |access-date=2018-01-21))</ref> Also in 2016, CAMH opened walk-in clinics for youth.<ref>((cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/camh-youth-mental-health-clinics-1.3633921 |title=CAMH to open 3 youth mental health walk-in clinics in Toronto - Toronto - CBC News |publisher=Cbc.ca |date=2016-06-14 |access-date=2018-01-21))</ref>

In 2020, the eight-storey, 110 patient bed McCain Complex Care & Recovery Building and five-storey 125 patient bed Crisis & Critical Care Building and 24-hour psychiatric emergency department were opened.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://news.ontario.ca/en/release/58717/ontario-building-a-modern-connected-and-comprehensive-mental-health-and-addictions-system|title=Ontario Newsroom|website=news.ontario.ca))</ref><ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2020/11/26/a-vision-for-the-future-camh-unveils-new-emergency-department-therapeutic-recovery-complex.html|title=A vision for the future: CAMH unveils new emergency department, therapeutic recovery complex|date=26 November 2020|website=thestar.com))</ref>

==Research==
CAMH reports being the largest research facility in Canada for mental health and addictions, including over 100 scientists over 150 research trainees. In the 2014-2015 fiscal year, CAMH received $44,384,230 in research funding and published more than 500 research articles.<ref>((cite web|publisher=CAMH|title=Research facts and figures|url=http://www.camh.ca/en/research/about_research_at_CAMH/research_facts_and_figures/Pages/research_facts_and_figures.aspx))</ref>

==Administration==
Psychiatrist and Clarke Institute President Paul E. Garfinkel was appointed the first President and CEO of CAMH in 1998.<ref name=psychiatry /> He was followed by neurologist Catherine Zahn in 2009.<ref>((cite web|publisher=Globe & Mail|date=4 November 2009|url=http://www.globeportfolio.ca/servlet/AppNoticeArticleHTMLTemplate?tf=GlobeInvestor/AppNotices/DisplayNotice.html&cf=GlobeInvestor/AppNotices/config-neutral.cfg&slug=Zahn&date=20091104|title=CAMH: Dr. Catherine Zahn, President and CEO))</ref>

Upon CAMH's formation, Peter Catford was appointed vice president for Information Technology. In 2002, Catford outsourced the public hospital's computer needs to H.I. Next, a private company which Catford founded and co-owned. When the ''[[Toronto Star]]'' reported on what it deemed an apparent conflict of interest regarding the spending of public money, the hospital would not reveal how much it paid Catford or his company, nor would CAMH disclose any details of its contract with H.I. Next or what other firms bid on the work. Catford commented only that "I feel honoured to work with (CAMH) and I feel like it has been done ethically."<ref>((cite web|author=David Bruser |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/2007/03/08/hospital_vps_deal_a_conflict_critic_says.html |title=Hospital VP's deal a conflict, critic says &#124; Toronto Star |work=Thestar.com |date=2007-03-08 |access-date=2018-01-21))</ref> In interviews with the ''Toronto Star'', Dev Chopra, executive vice-president of CAMH first said there was nothing inappropriate about Catford's role. "We got into it with our eyes open. There is no conflict."<ref>((cite web|author=David Bruser |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/2007/03/10/hospital_vp_to_quit_in_conflict_concerns.html |title=Hospital VP to quit in 'conflict' concerns &#124; Toronto Star |work=Thestar.com |date=2007-03-10 |access-date=2018-01-21))</ref> However, Chopra later said there were "some optics from a conflict perspective" noting the hospital might revisit the issue that day. Catford left his CAMH position two days later, but the Star reported that hospital officials said changes were being considered months before the Star published its story about the issue.<ref>((cite web|first=David |last=Bruser|date=10 March 2007|title=Hospital VP to quit in 'conflict' concerns|publisher=Toronto Star|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/2007/03/10/hospital_vp_to_quit_in_conflict_concerns.html))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=http://www.marketwired.com/press-release/opseu-calls-for-investigation-into-it-contract-at-camh-639347.htm |title=OPSEU Calls for Investigation Into IT Contract at CAMH |publisher=Marketwired.com |date=2007-03-08 |access-date=2018-01-21))</ref>

== Criticisms ==
CAMH's administration has come under criticism including from staff who report safety problems<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.ctvnews.ca/health/camh-pleads-guilty-to-workplace-safety-charge-after-alleged-beating-of-nurse-1.2991678 |title=CAMH pleads guilty to workplace safety charge after alleged beating of nurse &#124; CTV News |publisher=Ctvnews.ca |date=2016-07-18 |access-date=2018-01-21))</ref> and from donors who withdrew their funding citing accountability problems.<ref>((cite web|author=Sammy Hudes |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2016/10/16/camh-donor-says-more-transparency-needed-about-money.html |title=CAMH donor says more transparency needed about money &#124; Toronto Star |work=Thestar.com |date=2016-10-16 |access-date=2018-01-21))</ref><ref name="global-2016-09-29" />

===David Healy Affair===
Soon after CAMH was founded, its administration was embroiled in a scandal involving [[Eli Lilly and Company]], which donated $1.5 million to CAMH, and [[David Healy (psychiatrist)|David Healy]], a prominent critic of [[Prozac]], the widely used antidepressant manufactured by Eli Lilly. CAMH hired Healy to be the head of its Mood and Anxiety Program, but withdrew the job offer after hearing about Healy's views.<ref name="Boseley">((cite web|first=Sarah |last=Boseley|date=7 May 2001|title=Bitter pill|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2001/may/07/medicalscience.highereducation))</ref>

CAMH aggressively recruited Healy, and CAMH Physician-in-Chief, David Goldbloom, offered Healy a job as the head of the Mood and Anxiety Program. Healy accepted and soon after gave a lecture in which he reiterated his views about Prozac increasing risk of suicide. A few days later, Goldbloom withdrew the job offer, saying "Essentially, we believe that it is not a good fit between you and the role as leader of an academic program in mood and anxiety disorders at the centre and in relation to the university….We do not feel your approach is compatible with the goals for development of the academic and clinical resource that we have."<ref name=Boseley />

The decision caused an "uproar" among Canadian academics, with the Canadian Association of University Teachers calling CAMH actions "an affront to academic freedom in Canada."<ref name=Boseley /> Scientists from 13 countries, including Nobel laureates [[Julius Axelrod]] and [[Arvid Carlsson]], protested CAMH's actions<ref>((cite web |publisher=Times Higher Education|date=28 September 2001|title=Rejected lecturer is suing Toronto|url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/rejected-lecturer-is-suing-toronto/165048.article))</ref> as did the Society for Academic Freedom and Scholarship (SAFS).<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.safs.ca/issuescases/camh.html |title=Camh |access-date=2016-02-03 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160225170709/http://www.safs.ca/issuescases/camh.html |archive-date=2016-02-25))</ref>

Healy sued CAMH and the University of Toronto, alleging breach of contract, defamation, and denial of academic freedom. The lawsuit sought damages of $9.4 million, including $2.6 million from CAMH CEO Paul Garfinkel, and $1.4 million from the U of T Dean of Medicine.<ref>((cite web|first=Larissa |last=Ruderman|title=Exclusive: Dr. David Healy interview|date=26 November 2001|publisher=The Varsity|url=http://thevarsity.ca/2001/11/26/exclusive-dr-david-healy-interview/))</ref> The university distanced itself from CAMH: According to U of T President, Robert Birgeneau, "Everyone is trying to blame the university for something that happened at one of our hospitals."<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/rejected-lecturer-is-suing-toronto/165048.article |title=Rejected lecturer is suing Toronto &#124; Times Higher Education (THE) |publisher=Times Higher Education |date=2018-01-11 |access-date=2018-01-21))</ref>

The lawsuit was settled with Healy receiving an appointment as visiting professor as the University of Toronto. The president of the Canadian Association of University Teachers, Vic Catano, said "We see the settlement as a complete vindication for Dr. Healy."<ref>((cite journal |author=Spurgeon David |year=2002 |title=Psychiatrist settles dispute with Toronto University |journal=British Medical Journal |volume=324 |issue=7347 |page=1177 |pmc=1174757 |doi=10.1136/bmj.324.7347.1177/a))</ref>

===Child Gender Identity Clinic===
In 1975, psychiatrist Susan Bradley founded a clinic in CAMH to work with [[gender dysphoria|gender dysphoric]] children. Bradley collaborated for many years with psychologist [[Kenneth Zucker]], and they established the clinic as the largest [[gender identity]] service in Canada and an international center for research.<ref name="Paterson">((cite web |first=Tara |last=Paterson |date=21 February 2015|publisher=National Post |url=http://news.nationalpost.com/life/as-trans-issues-become-mainstream-question-of-how-to-address-variant-gender-expression-comes-to-forefront |title=Life as trans issues become mainstream question of how to address variant gender expression comes to forefront))</ref> They said that in their studies, 80% of the children grow out of the behavior.<ref name="brown2006">((cite news |author=Brown, Patricia Leigh |date=2 December 2006 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/02/us/02child.html |title=Supporting Boys or Girls When the Line Isn't Clear |work=[[The New York Times]]))</ref> They used different approaches with children than adolescents because they said that children were more likely to identify with their birth sex.<ref name=brown2006 />

Regarding adolescents, Zucker would "support a teenager or adult who wants to [[Transitioning (transgender)|transition]] using hormones and surgeries."<ref name=Paterson /> Regarding children, however, Zucker said, "We are trying to help a child feel more comfortable with the gender identity that matches their birth sex," and that they use a variety of techniques to "help a child think more flexibly" about their gender. According to a 2006 article in ''[[The New York Times]]'', Zucker did this by "encouraging same-sex friendships and activities like board games that move beyond strict gender roles."<ref>((cite news |last1=Brown |first1=Patricia Leigh |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/02/us/02child.html?pagewanted=2 |title=Supporting Boys or Girls When the Line Isn't Clear |work=The New York Times |date=2 December 2006 |access-date=21 January 2018))</ref> Zucker said that a child could be asked to make a list of pros and cons about being different genders so that the child realizes that "there are both good and not so good things about being a boy and being a girl."<ref name=Paterson />

Zucker's approach was controversial and considered by some to be [[conversion therapy]].<ref>((cite web |first=Erica |last=Lenti |date=25 June 2015 |title=CAMH Supports Bill 77 Despite Criticism of Controversial Gender Identity Clinic |publisher=Torontoist |url=http://torontoist.com/2015/06/camh-supports-bill-77-despite-criticism-of-controversial-gender-identity-clinic/))</ref> In January 2015, members of Rainbow Health Ontario, a provincial health promotion and navigation organization, approached CAMH expressing their concerns regarding Zucker's clinic.<ref name="metro">((cite news |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150320203815/http://metronews.ca/news/toronto/1315743/outcry-prompts-camh-to-review-its-controversial-treatment-of-trans-youth/ |archive-date=20 March 2015 |url=http://metronews.ca/news/toronto/1315743/outcry-prompts-camh-to-review-its-controversial-treatment-of-trans-youth/ |title=Outcry prompts CAMH to review its controversial treatment of trans youth |first=Jessica Smith |last=Cross |newspaper=Metro |publisher=Metro International |date=18 March 2015 |access-date=1 November 2022))</ref><ref name="howthefight">((cite news |last=Singal |first=Jesse |date=7 February 2016 |title=How the Fight Over Transgender Kids Got a Leading Sex Researcher Fired |url=https://www.thecut.com/2016/02/fight-over-trans-kids-got-a-researcher-fired.html |work=New York Magazine |access-date=30 October 2022))</ref> Rainbow Health Ontario submitted a review of academic literature and clinical practices for [[transgender youth]], and expressed concern that the gender identity clinic was not following accepted practices.<ref name="ashley_2022_4">((Cite book |title=Banning Transgender Conversion Practices: A Legal and Policy Analysis |last1=Ashley |first1=Florence |publisher=University of British Columbia Press |location=Vancouver, BC |date=2022 |isbn=978-0774866958 |page=4))</ref> Others online linked the Gender Identity Clinic's practices to [[suicide]] of transgender youth caused by conversion therapy, and referenced the high-profile case of [[Leelah Alcorn]], a [[transgender]] teen from [[Ohio]].<ref name="howthefight" /> In February 2015, CAMH ordered an external review of its gender identity clinic for children and teens.<ref name="ubelacker_20150612">((Cite web |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/ont-conversion-therapy-ban-may-see-some-gender-identity-clinics-change-approach/article24943976/ |title=Ont. conversion therapy ban may see some gender identity clinics change approach |website=The Globe and Mail |last1=Ubelacker |first1=Sheryl |date=12 June 2015 |access-date=1 November 2022))</ref>

In March 2015, the [[Ontario Provincial Parliament]] introduced the Affirming Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Act, aimed at banning conversion therapy practices.<ref name="metro" /> In June 2015, the legislation was passed unanimously by the provincial parliament.<ref name="globe_20150604">((Cite web |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/ontario-passes-ndp-bill-to-ban-conversion-therapy-for-lgbtq-children/article24811878/ |title=Ontario passes NDP bill to ban conversion therapy for LGBTQ children |author=The Canadian Press |website=The Globe and Mail |date=4 June 2015 |access-date=1 November 2022))</ref><ref name="ubelacker_20150612" /> The law made LGBT conversion therapy illegal to provide to minors, and removed it from public [[health insurance]] coverage for adults.<ref name="ubelacker_20150612" /> After the bill was passed into law, CAMH stated that they welcomed the unanimous support for the bill.<ref name="lenti_20150625">((Cite web |url=https://torontoist.com/2015/06/camh-supports-bill-77-despite-criticism-of-controversial-gender-identity-clinic/ |title=CAMH Supports Bill 77 Despite Criticism of Controversial Gender Identity Clinic |website=Torontoist |last1=Lenti |first1=Erica |date=25 June 2015 |access-date=3 November 2022))</ref>

The external review noted numerous strengths of the clinic, but also described it as an insular entity with an approach dissimilar from other clinics and described it as being out of step with current best practices, including [[Standards of Care for the Health of Transsexual, Transgender, and Gender Nonconforming People#Version 7|WPATH SOC Version 7]]. They also raised concerns about clinicians asking age inappropriate questions.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.transadvocate.com/wp-content/uploads/GIC-Review-26Nov2015-TA1.pdf|title=External review of the Gender Identity Clinic of the child, youth and family services in the underserved populations program at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health|publisher=CAMH|date=2015-11-26|access-date=2019-09-12))</ref> After the review, CAMH shut down the clinic and fired Zucker. [[Kwame McKenzie]], medical director of CAMH's child, youth, and family services, said "We want to apologize for the fact that not all of the practices in our childhood gender identity clinic are in step with the latest thinking."<ref>((cite news|last1=Ubelacker|first1=Sheryl|title=CAMH to 'wind down' controversial gender identity clinic services|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/toronto/camh-to-wind-down-controversial-gender-identity-clinic-services/article27766580/|access-date=15 December 2015|agency=Canadian Press|newspaper=The Globe and Mail|date=15 December 2015))</ref> CAMH announced a process of consultation with community leaders to examine how best to offer care.<ref>((cite news|title=CAMH to 'wind down' gender identity clinic after review of services|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/camh-gender-identity-1.3366424?cmp=rss|access-date=15 December 2015|agency=Canadian Press|publisher=CBC News|date=15 December 2015))</ref>

A petition of over 500 sexuality and gender diversity experts decried the change.<ref>((cite web|first=Sheryl |last=Ubelacker |date=23 January 2016 |title=Group protests closure of youth gender identity clinic at CAMH, director's removal|publisher=Global News|url=http://globalnews.ca/news/2473568/group-protests-closure-of-youth-gender-identity-clinic-at-camh-directors-removal/))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=http://www.vocativ.com/news/270004/shuttered-clinic-highlights-controversy-over-trans-children/|title=Shuttered clinic highlights controversy over trans children|publisher=Vocativ|access-date=2016-01-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160130084732/http://www.vocativ.com/news/270004/shuttered-clinic-highlights-controversy-over-trans-children/|archive-date=2016-01-30|url-status=dead))</ref> In 2018, CAMH paid Zucker $586,000 and issued a public apology as part of a settlement.<ref>((cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/camh-settlement-former-head-gender-identity-clinic-1.4854015|publisher=CBC|access-date=2018-12-21|title=CAMH reaches settlement with former head of gender identity clinic))</ref>

===Forensics===
CAMH's forensic department and its leadership have been the subject of criticism from Ontario judges and the public for issues including public safety,<ref name=city2015 /> patient civil rights violations,<ref name=globemail /> and turning away patients ordered to CAMH by judges.<ref name=judgespush /> This culminated in Ontario Superior Court Justice Maureen Forestell who reportedly "tore a strip off of" CAMH for its actions. Graham Glancy, a forensic psychiatrist at the Maplehurst Correctional Complex accused CAMH of focusing too much on patients and treatments to enhance its international reputation, but at the expense of the less glamorous forensic patients. He added "Cities like Ottawa and London are better resourced but Toronto is terrible. It's a disgrace, really." Toronto defence counsel Chris Hynes also attributed the problems to the CAMH leadership, saying "CAMH front-line workers pay the price for decisions made by the centre's privatized board of directors."<ref name=judgespush>((cite news |title=Judges push back against hospitals turning away mentally ill offenders |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/judges-push-back-against-hospitals-turning-away-mentally-ill-offenders/article1314387/ |newspaper=The Globe and Mail))</ref>

====AWOL patients====
One recurrent issue has been the number of violent or dangerous patients who escape custody from CAMH's forensic wards.<ref name=city2015>((cite news |title=Alarming numbers of people walking out of CAMH |publisher=CTV News |url=http://www.citynews.ca/2015/09/11/video-alarming-numbers-of-people-walking-out-of-camh/))</ref> After filing a freedom of information act request with the police, the ''[[Toronto Star]]'' reported that CAMH had nearly as many AWOLs as all other Toronto hospitals combined (2,060 and 2,371 for the period 2004 to 2014).<ref>((cite news |last=Lauren |first=Pelley |date=11 September 2015 |title=More patients go missing at CAMH than any other Toronto hospital, say numbers |newspaper=Toronto Star |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2015/09/11/more-patients-go-missing-at-camh-than-any-other-toronto-hospital-say-numbers.html))</ref>

One of the most widely reported incidents involved Thomas Brailsford, who was institutionalized at CAMH after beheading his mother and being deemed a "danger to himself and others." Brailsford took off from a taxicab on his way to a medical appointment, representing his second escape in a year.<ref name="Courtney">((cite news |first=Russ |last=Courtney |date= 5 February 2016 |title=CAMH says it has "tightened" procedures after mentally-ill killer bolted in September |publisher=Newstalk1010 |url=http://www.newstalk1010.com/news/2016/02/05/camh-says-it-has-tightened-procedures-after-mentally-ill-killer-bolted-in-september))</ref>

In an interview with Toronto columnist Jerry Agar, CAMH's chief of forensic psychiatry, Sandy Simpson said "Clearly, we will be reviewing this carefully to look at how we assessed the risk in this case."<ref name="Agar">((cite news |first=Jerry |last=Agar |date=8 February 2016 |title=CAMH should disclose security measures |newspaper=Toronto Sun |url=http://www.torontosun.com/2016/02/08/camh-should-disclose-security-measures))</ref> Kate Richards of CAMH media relations subsequently said "We have tightened aspects of these procedures and...We are confident that the changes implemented in this case have been effective."<ref name=Courtney /> Agar wrote that he has "been eager to have Simpson back on the radio show to discuss what measures have been put in place" but had not received any response. Five months later, CAMH told Agar "Dr. Simpson is not available for a follow-up interview."<ref name=Agar />

In 2019, the Ontario government ordered a review of CAMH patient passes and privileges after a series of patient escapes from the secure forensic psychiatry units.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com/opinion/contributors/2019/08/01/camh-will-share-its-review-of-ncr-patients-who-fled.html|title=Opinion &#124; CAMH will share its review of patients who fled the hospital grounds|date=1 August 2019|website=thestar.com))</ref> In one case, a not criminally responsible (NCR) patient who absconded the hospital later left the country by plane.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://toronto.citynews.ca/2019/12/18/camh-day-pass-system-installing-fences/|title=CAMH changing day pass system, installing fences after review of escaped patients - CityNews Toronto|website=toronto.citynews.ca))</ref>

=== Workplace safety ===
In 2007, following a series of attacks on staff by patients, the [[Ministry of Labour (Ontario)|Ontario Ministry of Labour]] asked CAMH to develop a workplace violence and policy program. In 2008, the Ministry of Labour laid nine workplace safety charges against CAMH in response to allegations by staff that they had been attacked by patients.<ref name="Globe1">((cite news |title=CAMH Hit With Nine Workplace Safety Charges |publisher=The Globe and Mail |date=26 November 2008 |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/camh-hit-with-nine-workplace-safety-charges/article663889/))</ref> CAMH was fined $70,000 in 2009 for two attacks against nursing staff in 2007 and 2008.<ref>((cite news |title=CAMH Fined for Failing to Protect Nurses |publisher=CBC News Toronto |date=14 August 2009 |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/camh-fined-for-failing-to-protect-nurses-1.854911))</ref> In 2014, the Ontario Ministry of Labour laid charges against CAMH for failing to protect workers from workplace violence following an attack earlier that year.<ref name="metronews1">((cite web |title=Reports of Assaults and Violence Toward Nurses Rising, Statistics Show |publisher=Metro News |date=1 July 2015 |url=http://www.metronews.ca/news/toronto/2015/07/01/reports-of-assaults-and-violence-toward-nurses-rising-statistics-show.html |access-date=15 January 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127055315/http://www.metronews.ca/news/toronto/2015/07/01/reports-of-assaults-and-violence-toward-nurses-rising-statistics-show.html |archive-date=27 January 2016 |url-status=dead))</ref>

In 2014, the Ontario Ministry of Labour laid more charges against CAMH for failing to implement procedures to protect staff from workplace violence following another attack that year.<ref name="metronews1" /> The prosecution asked the court to send “a clear message” that the CAMH situation was unacceptable.<ref name="star2016-07-18">((cite web |title=CAMH fined $80,000 after beating that left nurse 'beyond recognition' |date=18 July 2016 |work=The Star |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2016/07/18/camh-fined-80000-after-beating-that-left-nurse-beyond-recognition.html))</ref> CAMH was found guilty and fined again. CAMH's Chief of Nursing, Rani Srivastava, said that CAMH accepted the court's decision adding that the violence had a “devastating impact” on “all of us at CAMH.”<ref name="star2016-07-18" />

Three months later, another nurse was punched, kicked in the face, and dragged into a locked utility room where she was repeatedly kicked in the head, suffering fractures and nerve damage.<ref name="cbc2016.10.25">((cite news |title=Nurse suffers eye injury in assault at Centre for Addiction and Mental Health |publisher=CBC |date=25 October 2016 |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/centre-addiction-mental-health-nurse-assault-beating-1.3820968))</ref> Vicki McKenna of the Ontario Nurses' Association reported that CAMH has not been taking part in government committees to improve workplace safety and called for CAMH senior management to be held personally responsible for the continued workplace violence. Rani Srivastava said that the incident was "completely unexpected," that CAMH is "saddened" and "shocked" by what happened, and that "any incident is one too many."<ref name="cbc2016.10.25" />

===Reporting failures===
Simpson has also been criticized by the Ontario Review Board for secluding a patient for two months but not informing the board, as required. Simpson claimed that the regulation "was unclear" about whether CAMH had a duty to report what it was doing. The board disagreed, ruling against CAMH.<ref name=globemail>((cite news |title=CAMH criticized for isolating patient without notification |newspaper=The Globe and Mail |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/camh-criticized-for-isolating-patient-without-notification/article6734423))</ref>

==Public policy statements==
CAMH issues statements about local and provincial regulations on addictive behaviors.

===Alcohol===
CAMH policy opposes the privatization of alcohol sales, citing evidence that the increase in availability increases alcohol-related harms and associated costs. They supported that the Liquor Control Board of Ontario should maintain its monopoly on alcohol sales.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.camh.ca/en/hospital/about_camh/influencing_public_policy/Documents/Submission_to_PACGA_2014-08-28.pdf|title=Submission to the Premier's Advisory Council on Government Assets: The role of the LCBO in reducing alcohol-related harm in Ontario|publisher=CAMH))</ref> CAMH referred to "the plan to allow the sale of VQA wines at farmers' markets across the province" as "cause for concern" because it would increase access to alcohol.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.camh.ca/en/hospital/about_camh/influencing_public_policy/Documents/JointSubmission-VQAwine_in_farmers_markets_2014-03-21.pdf|title=Submission to the Ministry of the Attorney General: Proposed regulatory amendments to the Liquor Licence Act|publisher=CAMH))</ref> Similarly, together with other health organizations, CAMH called for a provincial alcohol strategy, ahead of Ontario's plan to permit the sale of beer in grocery stores.<ref>((cite news |first=Carly |last=Weeks |title=Why Canada needs a new alcohol strategy |publisher=The Globe and Mail |date=2 October 2015 |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/life/health-and-fitness/health/alongside-marijuana-debate-new-alcohol-strategy-needed/article26633423/))</ref>

===Marijuana===
In a 2014 policy document, CAMH expressed support for the legalization of marijuana with strict control regulations.<ref>((cite news|publisher=CBC News|date=9 October 2014|title= CAMH calls for legalization of marijuana|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/camh-calls-for-legalization-of-marijuana-1.2793460))</ref> According to CAMH CEO, Catherine Zahn, "Only through legalization can we implement a public-health approach, treating cannabis use as a health issue and not one to be addressed through law enforcement and the court system. This is the approach we take with tobacco and alcohol. As with alcohol, a legal cannabis market can be regulated with controls that address risk factors associated with use".<ref>((cite web|first=Catherine |last=Zahn|publisher=Ottawa Citizen|date=20 October 2014|url=https://ottawacitizen.com/news/national/catherine-zahn-legalization-is-the-best-approach-to-cannabis-control|title=Legalization is the best approach to cannabis control))</ref>

===Gambling===
CAMH has opposed the expansion of Toronto's [[Woodbine Racetrack]]. In a policy statement, CAMH said increased availability of gambling results in increased harms and predicted that a large portion of any increased revenues from the racetrack would come from people with gambling problems.<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.camh.ca/en/hospital/about_camh/influencing_public_policy/Documents/CAMH_Submission_Executive_Committee_Woodbine_2015-06-30.pdf|title=Submission to the Toronto City Council Executive Committee: Expansion of gambling at Woodbine Racetrack|publisher=CAMH))</ref>

==References==
((reflist|colwidth=30em))

==External links==
*((Official website|https://www.camh.ca/))

((Toronto hospitals))
((Toronto teaching hospitals))
((Coord|43.64455|-79.41761|region:CA-ON_type:landmark|display=title))

((authority control))

[[Category:Mental health organizations in Canada]]
[[Category:Health in Toronto]]
[[Category:Transgender and medicine]]
[[Category:Hospitals affiliated with the University of Toronto]]
[[Category:Psychiatric hospitals in Ontario]]
[[Category:Addiction and substance abuse organizations]]
[[Category:Hospitals established in 1998]]
[[Category:1998 establishments in Ontario]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (edit)
Template:Authority control (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Catalog lookup link (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite book (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite journal (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite news (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite web (view source) (protected)
Template:Comma separated entries (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Coord (view source) (protected)
Template:DMCA (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Dated maintenance category (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Dated maintenance category (articles) (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Dead link (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Distinguish (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:FULLROOTPAGENAME (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Fix (view source) (protected)
Template:Fix/category (view source) (protected)
Template:Hlist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:IPAc-en (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:ISBN (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:If empty (view source) (protected)
Template:Infobox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Infobox hospital (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Infobox hospital/care system (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Infobox hospital/lists (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Lang-fr (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Main other (view source) (protected)
Template:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Nowrap (view source) (protected)
Template:Ns has subpages (view source) (protected)
Template:Official website (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Template:Reflist (view source) (protected)
Template:Reflist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:Respell (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description/lowercasecheck (view source) (protected)
Template:Template other (view source) (protected)
Template:Tooltip (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Tooltip/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Toronto hospitals (edit)
Template:Toronto teaching hospitals (edit)
Template:URL (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Url (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Use dmy dates (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Webarchive (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Yesno (view source) (protected)
Template:Yesno-no (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Yesno-yes (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Arguments (view source) (protected)
Module:Authority control (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Authority control/auxiliary (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Authority control/config (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Catalog lookup link (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/blacklist (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/shared (view source) (protected)
Module:Check for unknown parameters (view source) (protected)
Module:Check isxn (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Citation/CS1 (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/COinS (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Coordinates (view source) (protected)
Module:Coordinates/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Disambiguation/templates (view source) (protected)
Module:Distinguish (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:EditAtWikidata (view source) (protected)
Module:Format link (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Hatnote (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Hatnote/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Hatnote list (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:IPAc-en (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:IPAc-en/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:IPAc-en/phonemes (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:IPAc-en/pronunciation (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:If empty (view source) (protected)
Module:Infobox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Infobox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:InfoboxImage (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Infobox mapframe (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang/ISO 639 synonyms (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana languages (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana regions (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana scripts (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana suppressed scripts (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana variants (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Mapframe (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Math (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/configuration (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Ns has subpages (view source) (protected)
Module:Official website (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/disambiguation (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/rfd (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Pagetype/setindex (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/softredirect (view source) (protected)
Module:Plain text (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Respell (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Module:Separated entries (view source) (protected)
Module:Settlement short description (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:String (view source) (protected)
Module:TableTools (view source) (protected)
Module:Type in location (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:URL (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unicode data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unsubst (view source) (protected)
Module:Webarchive (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Webarchive/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Wikitext Parsing (view source) (protected)
Module:Yesno (view source) (protected)

Return to Centre for Addiction and Mental Health.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centre_for_Addiction_and_Mental_Health"