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((No sources|date=October 2023))
An [[imperial election]] was held  in [[Regensburg]] on 28 November 1562 to select the [[Holy Roman Emperor|emperor]] of the [[Holy Roman Empire]].

== Background ==
This was the third imperial election to take place during the [[Reformation]].  On October 31, 1517, [[Martin Luther]], a professor of moral theology at the University of Wittenberg, now part of the [[Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg]], had delivered the ''[[Ninety-five Theses]]'' to [[Albert of Brandenburg]], the [[prince-elector|elector]] of [[Electorate of Mainz|Mainz]].  This list of propositions criticized the practice of selling [[indulgence]]s, remissions of the punishment meted out for sin in [[Purgatory]].

=== Schmalkaldic War ===
((main|Schmalkaldic League|Schmalkaldic War))
Luther's criticism snowballed into a massive [[schism]] in the [[Catholic Church|church]], and from there into a split among the [[Imperial Estate|states]] of the empire. In 1527, [[John, Elector of Saxony]], established a [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]] state church in [[Electorate of Saxony|Saxony]] with the elector as chief [[bishop]]. On February 27, 1531, John joined [[Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse]], in establishing the Schmalkaldic League, a defensive [[military alliance]] of Lutheran principalities in which each pledged to support the other in the event of an attack by the forces of the Catholic [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor]]. In time [[Principality of Anhalt|Anhalt]], [[Duchy of Württemberg|Württemberg]], [[Duchy of Pomerania|Pomerania]], [[Augsburg]], [[Free City of Frankfurt|Frankfurt]], [[Free Imperial City of Kempten|Kempten]], [[Margraviate of Brandenburg|Brandenburg]] and the [[Electoral Palatinate]] were added to the League.

In view of the preparations of the Emperor Charles V to suppress them, the members of the League launched a pre-emptive attack on his forces at the [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] city of [[Füssen]] on July 10, 1546. The ensuing war led to the defeat and dissolution of the Schmalkaldic League. It led also to the 1547 [[Capitulation of Wittenberg]], according to which [[John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony]] was compelled to cede the electorate to his cousin [[Maurice, Elector of Saxony]], the first member of the [[Albertine branch]] of the [[House of Wettin]] to hold it.

=== ''Cuius regio, eius religio'' ===
((main|Peace of Augsburg))
On May 15, 1548, Charles issued the [[Augsburg Interim]]. Intended as a compromise between the Catholic empire and its [[Protestantism|Protestant]] princes and subjects, it permitted the marriage of Protestant [[clergy]] and the receipt by the laity of [[communion under both kinds]]. However, it also ordered the readoption among Protestants of Catholic practices including the [[sacraments of the Catholic Church|seven sacraments]]. Domestic pressure from the Protestant subjects of the empire led to the offer of additional concessions in the [[Leipzig Interim]] in December, and finally to more violence. On January 15, 1552, a coalition of Protestant princes of the Holy Roman Empire signed the [[Treaty of Chambord]] with King [[Henry II of France]], inviting him to occupy the [[Three Bishoprics]] of [[Prince-Bishopric of Metz|Metz]], [[Prince-Bishopric of Verdun|Verdun]] and [[Prince-Bishopric of Toul|Toul]] in exchange for military assistance against Charles. The renewed conflict was ended by the [[Peace of Passau]] of August 1552, which revoked the Augsburg Interim, and by the Peace of Augsburg of September 1555, which permitted princes of the empire to establish Lutheranism or Catholicism as their state religions.

=== Election of 1562 ===
Charles was succeeded by his brother [[Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor]] upon his official abdication in 1558. Ferdinand called for the election of his successor.  As king of [[Kingdom of Bohemia|Bohemia]], he held one vote. The remaining electors were:

* [[Daniel Brendel von Homburg]], elector of Mainz
* [[Johann von der Leyen]], elector of [[Electorate of Trier|Trier]]
* [[Friedrich IV of Wied]], elector of [[Electorate of Cologne|Cologne]]
* [[Frederick III, Elector Palatine|Frederick III]], elector of the Electoral Palatinate
* [[Augustus, Elector of Saxony|Augustus]], elector of Saxony
* [[Joachim II Hector, Elector of Brandenburg|Joachim II Hector]], elector of Brandenburg

== Elected ==
Ferdinand's son [[Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor]] was elected as [[king of the Romans]].

== Aftermath ==
Maximilian acceded to the throne on his father's death  on July 25, 1564.

==References==
((reflist))

((Holy Roman Empire elections))

[[Category:Elections in the Holy Roman Empire|1562]]
[[Category:1562 in the Holy Roman Empire]]
[[Category:16th-century elections]]
[[Category:Non-partisan elections]]
[[Category:Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor]]
[[Category:Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor]]

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