Qayb ka mid ah laamaha S {\displaystyle S} Saddex baaxadood leh R 3 {\displaystyle \mathbb {R} ^{3)) Waa baaxad ee loogu talo galay bar kasta x {\displaystyle x} ka kooban S {\displaystyle S} meelo furan U {\displaystyle U} shaqooyin kala duwan
marka U {\displaystyle U} iskajara S {\displaystyle S} bar mucayin ah oo F {\displaystyle F} baaba'da:
Meel walba: