Abū al-Rayḥān Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad al-Bīrūnī'[n 1] (born 5 September 973 in Kath, Khwarezm, died in the year 13 December 1048 in Ghazni),[1] known as Alberonius in Latin and Al-Biruni in English,[2] was a Persian[3]-Chorasmian[4][5] Muslim scholar and polymath of the 11th century.
Al-Biruni was one of the greatest scholars of the medieval Islamic era and was well versed in physics, mathematics, astronomy, and natural sciences. He did a lot of work as a historian, chronologist and linguist.[5]
A Persian by birth, Biruni produced his writings in Arabic, though he knew, besides Persian, no less than four other languages
;"A Persian by birth, a rationalist in disposition, this contemporary of Avicenna and Alhazen not only studied history, philosophy, and geography in depth, but wrote one of the most comprehensive Muslim astronomical treatises, the Qanun Al-Masu'di."
“ | In a celebrated preface to the book of Drugs, Biruni says: And if it is true that in all nations one likes to adorn oneself by using the language to which one has remained loyal, having become accustomed to using it with friends and companions according to need, I must judge for myself that in my native Khwarezmian, science has as much as chance of becoming perpetuated as a camel has of facing Kaaba. | ” |