The Richt Honourable The Earl of Oxford and Asquith KG PC KC | |
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Prime Meenister o the Unitit Kinrick | |
In office 5 Aprile 1908 – 5 December 1916 | |
Monarch | Edward VII George V |
Precedit bi | Henry Campbell-Bannerman |
Succeedit bi | David Lloyd George |
Leader o the Opposeetion | |
In office 12 Februar 1920 – 21 November 1922 | |
Monarch | George V |
Prime Meenister | David Lloyd George Bonar Law |
Precedit bi | Donald Maclean |
Succeedit bi | Ramsay MacDonald |
In office 6 December 1916 – 14 December 1918 | |
Monarch | George V |
Prime Meenister | David Lloyd George |
Precedit bi | Edward Carson |
Succeedit bi | Donald Maclean |
Secretar o State for War | |
In office 30 Mairch 1914 – 5 August 1914 | |
Precedit bi | J. E. B. Seely |
Succeedit bi | The Earl Kitchener |
Leader o the Liberal Pairty | |
In office 30 Aprile 1908 – 14 October 1926 | |
Precedit bi | Henry Campbell-Bannerman |
Succeedit bi | David Lloyd George |
Leader o the Hoose o Commons | |
In office 5 Aprile 1908 – 5 December 1916 | |
Precedit bi | Henry Campbell-Bannerman |
Succeedit bi | Bonar Law |
Chancellor o the Exchequer | |
In office 10 December 1905 – 12 Aprile 1908 | |
Prime Meenister | Henry Campbell-Bannerman |
Precedit bi | Austen Chamberlain |
Succeedit bi | David Lloyd George |
Hame Secretar | |
In office 18 August 1892 – 25 Juin 1895 | |
Prime Meenister | William Ewart Gladstone The Earl o Rosebery |
Precedit bi | Henry Matthews |
Succeedit bi | Matthew White Ridley |
Member o Pairlament for Paisley | |
In office 12 Februar 1920 – 4 November 1924 | |
Precedit bi | John Mills McCallum |
Succeedit bi | Edward Rosslyn Mitchell |
Member o Pairlament for East Fife | |
In office 27 Julie 1886 – 14 December 1918 | |
Precedit bi | John Boyd Kinnear |
Succeedit bi | Alexander Sprot |
Personal details | |
Born | Herbert Henry Asquith 12 September 1852 Morley, Wast Riding o Yorkshire, Ingland, Unitit Kinrick |
Dee'd | 15 Februar 1928 Sutton Courtenay, Berkshire, Ingland, Unitit Kinrick | (aged 75)
Restin place | Aw Saunts' Kirk, Sutton Courtenay |
Poleetical pairty | Liberal Pairty |
Spoose(s) | Helen Melland (1877–1891) Margot Tennant (1894–1928) |
Bairns | 10 |
Alma mater | Balliol College, Oxford Inns o Coort Schuil o Law Ceety o Lunnon Schuil |
Religion | Congregationalist |
Signatur | ![]() |
Herbert Henry Asquith, 1st Earl o Oxford an Asquith KG PC KC (12 September 1852 – 15 Februar 1928), served as the Liberal Prime Meenister o the Unitit Kinrick frae 1908 tae 1916.[1] He wis the last prime meenister tae lead a majority Leeberal govrenment, an he played a central role in the design an passage o major leeberal legislation an a reduction o the pouer o the Hoose o Lairds. In August 1914, Asquith teuk Great Breetain an the Breetish Empire intae the First Warld War. In 1915, his govrenment wis veegorously attacked for a shortage o muneetions an the failyie o the Gallipoli Campaign. He formed a coalition govrenment wi ither pairties, but failed tae satisfee creetics. As a result, he wis forced tae resign in December 1916, an he niver regained poyer.
Efter attendin Balliol College, Oxford, he becam a successfu barrister. In 1886 he wis the Leeberal candidate for East Fife, a seat he held for ower thirty years. In 1892 he wis appyntit as Hame Secretar in Gladstone's fowert meenistry, remainin in the post till the Leeberals lost the 1895 election. In the decade o opposeetion that follaed Asquith becam a major feegur in the pairty, an whan the Leeberals regained pouer unner Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman in 1905 Asquith wis named Chancellor o the Exchequer. In 1908 Asquith succeedit him as Prime Meenister. The Leeberals war determined tae advance thair reform agenda. An impediment tae this wis the Hoose o Lairds, that rejected the People's Budget o 1909. Meanwhile the South Africa Act 1909 passed. Asquith cried an election for Januar 1910, an the Leeberals wan, tho war reduced tae a minority govrenment. Efter anither general election in December 1910 he gained passage o the Pairlament Act 1911, allouin a bill three times passed bi the Commons in consecutive sessions tae be enactit regairdless o the Lairds. Asquith wis less successfu in dealin wi Erse Hame Rule. Repeatit creeses led tae gun rinnin an veeolence, vergin on ceevil war.
Whan Breetain declared war on Germany in response tae the German invasion o Belgium, heich profile conflicts war suspendit regairdin Ireland an weemen's suffrage. Awtho mair o a committee chair nor a dynamic leader, he owersaw naitional mobilisation; the dispatch o the Breetish Expedeetionary Force tae the Wastren Front, the creaution o a mass airmy, an the development o an industrial strategy designed tae support the kintra's war aims. The war becam bogged doun an the demand rose for better leadership. He wis forced tae form a coaleetion wi the Conservatives an Labour early in 1915. He wis waikened bi his awn indeceesion ower strategy, conscription, an financin.[2] Lloyd George replaced him as Prime Meenister in December 1916. Thay becam bitter enemies an focht for control o the fest-declinin Leeberal Pairty. His role in creautin the modren Breetish weelfare state (1906–1911) haes been celebratit, but his waiknesses as a war leader an as a pairty leader efter 1914 hae been heichlichtit bi historians.