Arothron hispidus inflatus

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Animalia — Chordata

Subphylum : Vertebrata 
Infraphylum : Gnathostomata 
Superclassis : Osteichthyes 
Classis : Actinopterygii 
Ordo : Tetraodontiformes 
Familia : Tetraodontidaa 
Bonaparte, 1832

   

Palaeontologia

Lutetiano-Holocaenum

Subdivisiones: Genera

Vide commentarium.

Tetraodontidae sunt familia piscium plerumque maritimorum et aestuarinorum ordinis Tetraodontiformium.^[1] Diodontidarum morphologice similes sunt, piscium arte cognatorum, quibus sunt magnae spinae externae (spinarum tenuiorum et caelatarum tetraodontidarum dissimiles, quae videri popssunt solum cum piscis inflatus sit). Nomen scientificum quattuor magnos dentes, in laminas superiorem et inferiorem fusos, attingit, qui ad testas crustaceorum et molluscorum contundendas adhibent, eorum praedarum naturalis.

Plurimae tetraodontidarum species toxicae sunt, et nonnullae inter venenosissima orbis terrarum vertebrata numerantur. In aliquibus speciebus, organa interna, sicut iecur et aliquando cutis, tetrodotoxinum continent, unde tetraodontidae pluribus animalibus valdissime toxicae sunt esae; nihilominus, caro nonnullarum specierum mattea habetur in Iaponia (nomine 河豚, fugu), Corea (복, bok et 복어, bogeo), et Sina (河豚, hétún), cum a coquis bene assuetis paretur. Aliiae huius familiae species, quarum caro non est toxicus, sicut Sphoeroides maculatus (species in Sinu Chesapeaco inventa),^[2] mattea alibi putantur.^[3]

Species Torquigener albomaculosus a Davide Attenborough appellatur "maximus regni animalium artifex"^[4] quia mares feminas nidis multiplicum formarum geometricarum in arena faciendis attrahere solent.^[5]

Genera

Familiae Tetraodontidarum sunt saltem ducentae species in viginti novem genera digestae.^[6][7]

Pinacotheca

• 
  Arothron stellatus
• 
  Canthigaster valentini
• 
  Carinotetraodon irrubesco
• 
  Colomesus asellus
• 
  Ephippion guttifer
• 
  Lagocephalus lagocephalus
• 
  Omegaphora cyanopunctata
• 
  Sphoeroides spengleri
• 
  Takifugu rubripes
• 
  Tetractenos glaber
• 
  Tetraodon mbu

Descriptio

Tetraodontidae plerumque magnitudine sunt parvae ad mediam, sed certae species usque ad 100 centimetra longae crescere possunt.^[8]

Distributio

Tetraodontidae diversissimae in zona tropica, aliquantulum rarae in zona temperata, omninoque absentes ab aquis frigidis sunt.^[8]

Oecologia et historia vitalis

Plurimae tetraodontidarum species in aquis marinis vel amaris habitant, sed nonnullae aquam dulcem intrare possunt, et triginta quinque fere species omnem vitam in aqua dulci degunt. Quae species inveniuntur in disiunctis regionibus Americae Australis (e.g., Colomesus asellus), Africae (sex species Tetraodontis), et Asiae Meridio-Orientalis (Auriglobus, Carinotetraodon, Dichotomyctere, Leiodon, Pao).^[9][10]

Maculae, fasciae, et alia exemplaria

• 
  Arothron hispidus
• 
  Arothron manilensis
• 
  Exquisita cutis Tetraodon mbu exemplaria
• 
  Arothron hispidus in aquis ante Insulam Havaii.
• 
  Homo et Arothron meleagris in Costarica.

Notae

Bibliographia

Arothron meleagris, non inflatus et inflatus

• Arreola, V. I., et M. W. Westneat. 1996. "Mechanics of propulsion by multiple fins: kinematics of aquatic locomotion in the burrfish (Chilomycterus schoepfi)." Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 263 (1377): 1689–96. doi:10.1098/rspb.1996.0247.
• Blount, Jonathan D., Michael P. Speed, Graeme D. Ruxton, et Philip A. Stephens. 2009. "Warning displays may function as honest signals of toxicity." Proceedings of the Royal Society B 276 (1658): 871–77. doi:10.1098/rspb.2008.1407. PMID 19019790. PMC 2664363.
• Ebert, Klaus. 2001. "The Puffers of Fresh and Brackish Water." Aqualog. ISBN 3-931702-60-X.
• Gordon. M.S., I. Plaut, et D. Kim. 1996. "How puffers (Teleostei: Tetraodontidae) swim." Journal of Fish Biology 49 (2): 319–28. doi:10.1006/jfbi.1996.0157.
• Kottelat, M. 2013. " The Fishes of the Inland Waters of Southeast Asia: A Catalogue and Core Bibliography of the Fishes Known to Occur in Freshwaters, Mangroves and Estuaries." The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement 27: 1–663.
• McClane, A. J. 1977. The Encyclopedia of Fish Cookery. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. ISBN 978-0-03-015431-7. Archivum.
• Plaut, I., et T. Chen. 2003. "How small puffers (Teleostei: Tetraodontidae) swim." Ichthyological Research 50 (2): 149–53. doi:10.1007/s10228-002-0153-3.
• Roberts, Tyson R. 1982. "The Southeast Asian freshwater pufferfish genus Chonerhinos (Tetraodontidae), with descriptions of new species." Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 43: 1–16.
• Santhanam, Ramasamy. 2018. Biology and ecology of toxic pufferfish. Oakville Ontarionis Canadae et Waretown Novae Caesareae: Apple Academic Press; Boca Raton Floridae: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. ISBN 9781771884396 (hardcover), ISBN 1771884398.

Nexus interni

• Aposematismus
• Shimonoseki

Nexus externi

Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Tetraodontidas spectant.

Vide "Tetraodontidas" apud Vicispecies.

• "Fugu sequencing project," 22 Martii 2009.
• "Tetraodon sequencing project."
• EMedicine De toxicitatem tetrodotoxini.
• Der Tetraodontidis. FishBase.
• "A Library of Puffer Fish DNA: Smithsonian Institution's Ocean Portal."
• "Common blowfish Fact Sheet." Fisheries Western Australia.
• "Underwater crop circles from Japan are an amazing form of biological art."
• Tetraodontida et urinator humanus.
• "Dolphins 'getting high' on puffer fish, zoologist Rob Pilley says." News.com.au, 30 Decembris 2013.
• "How Puffer fish protect itself," 7 Martii 2014.