Conferatur pagina principalis Manes (propheta)).

Manichaeismus (Persice آیین مانی Āyin e Māni ; Mandarinice 摩|尼|教 Móní Jiào) fuit maior religio gnostica quae a Mane, propheta Iranico,^[1] in regno Persico Sassaniano condita est.^[2][3]

Manichaeismus elaboratam docuit cosmologiam binariam, certamen, bonum spiritualemque lucis mundum et malum corporeumque obscuritatis mundum describentem. Per rationem perpetuam quae in historia humana fit, lux gradatim ex mundo materiali removetur et ad mundum lucidum unde orta est redditur. Cuius fides in motis gnosticis et religiosis Mesopotamianis conditae sunt.^[4] Manichaeismus, rapide prosperus, late per regiones Aramaice-Syriace loquentes extenditus est.^[5] A saeculo tertio ad saeculum septimum viguit, et culmine gratiae fuit una ex divulgatissimis mundi religionibus. Templa et scripturae Manichaeae ad orientem usque ad Sinas et ad occidentem usque ad Imperium Romanum patuit.^[6] Breviter fuit praecipuus Christianitatis competitor in certamine ad substituendum paganismum classicum. Manichaeismus longius in Oriente quam in Occidente superfuit, et videtur evanescere post saeculum quarto decimo in Sinis meridianis,^[7] cum deminutione Ecclesiae Orientis in Sinis (vide Domus Ming). Cum plures scriptorum Manis amitterentur, multi conversiones et fragmenta exstant.

Adsectator Manichaeismi appellatur, praecipue in fontibus vetustioribus,^[8] Manichaus, ac recentius Manichaeus. Sensu translato, nomen manichaeanus late adhibetur (saepe cum obtrectatione) adiectivum quod ad quandam philosophiam vel habitum dualismi moralis pertinet, moralem actionis cursum suadens, claramque (vel facilem) inter bonum et malum electionem implicans; nomen substantivum quoque adhibetur ad designandos homines qui talem opinionem habent.

Nexus interni

Notae

Bibliographia

• Hugo Ibscher (1938). Charles Allberry. ed. Manichaean Manuscripts in the Chester Beatty Collection: Vol II, part II: A Manichaean Psalm Book. Stutgartiae: W. Kohlammer 
• Beatty, Alfred Chester. 1938. A Manichean Psalm-Book, Part II. Ed. Charles Allberry. Stutgartiae.
• Beausobre, de, Isaac. 1734–1739. Histoire critique de Manichée et du Manichéisme. Amstelodami: Garland Publishing. ISBN 0824035526.
• BeDuhn, Jason David. 2002. The Manichaean Body: In Discipline and Ritual. Baltimorae: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0801871077.
• Cross, F. L.; E. A. Livingstone (1974). The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. Londinii: Oxford University Press: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0192115456 
• Foltz, Richard (2010). Religions of the Silk Road. Novi Eboraci: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 9780230621251 
• Foltz, Richard (2004). Spirituality in the Land of the Noble: How Iran Shaped the World's Religions. Oxford: Oneworld publications. ISBN 1-85168-336-4 
• Gardner, Iain; Samuel N. C. Lieu (2004). Manichaean Texts from the Roman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. ISBN 0521568226 
• Giversen, Soren (1988). The Manichaean Coptic Papyri in The Chester Beatty Library Vol. III: Psalm Book part I. (Facsimile ed.). Geneva: Patrick Crammer  (Cahiers D'Orientalism XVI) 1988a
• Giversen, Soren (1988). The Manichaean Coptic Papyri in The Chester Beatty Library Vol. IV: Psalm Book part II. (Facsimile ed.). Geneva: Patrick Crammer  (Cahiers D'Orientalism XVI) 1988b
• Gulácsi, Zsuszanna (2001). Manichaean art in Berlin Collections. Turnhout  (Original Manichaean manuscripts found since 1902 in China, Egypt, Turkestan to be seen in the Museum of Indian Art in Berlin.)
• Heinrichs, Albert; Ludwig Koenen, Ein griechischer Mani-Kodex, 1970 (ed.) Der Kölner Mani-Codex ( P. Colon. Inv. nr. 4780), 1975–1982.
• La Vaissière, Etienne de, "Mani en Chine au VIe siècle", Journal Asiatique, 293–1, 2005, p. 357–378.
• Legge, Francis (1964) [1914] (reprinted in two volumes bound as one). Forerunners and Rivals of Christianity, From 330 B.C. to 330 A.D.. New York: University Books 
• Lieu, Samuel (1992). Manichaeism in the later Roman Empire and medieval China. Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr. ISBN 0719010888 
• Mani (216–276/7) and his 'biography': the Codex Manichaicus Coloniensis (CMC):
• Melchert, Norman. 2002. The Great Conversation: A Historical Introduction to Philosophy. McGraw Hill. ISBN 0195175107.
• Runciman, Steven. 1947, 1982. The Medieval Manichee: a study of the Christian dualist heresy. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521289262.
• Welburn, Andrew. 1998. Mani, the Angel and the Column of Glory.[ Edimburgi: Floris. ISBN 0863152740.
• Widengren, Geo. 1965. Mani and Manichaeism. Londinii: Weidenfeld and Nicholson.
• Wurst, Gregor. 2001. Die Bema-Psalmen. Journal of Near Eastern Studies 60(3):203–204. doi:10.1086/468925.
• Welburn, Andrew. 1998. Mani the Angel and the Column of Glory. Floris Books. ISBN 0863152740.

Nexus externi

Commentarii

• Manichaeism in The Catholic Encyclopedia: an international work of reference (Novi Eboraci: Appleton, 1907–1914) (Anglice)
• International Association of Manichaean Studies, www.manichaeism.de
• "Manichaean and Christian Remains in Zayton (Quanzhou, South China)," www.anchist.mq.edu
• Taraporewala, I. J. S. "Religions of Iran: Manichaeism, www,iranchamber.com
• 专题研究--摩尼教研究, www.quoxue.com
• 《光明皇帝》明尊教背景书(1), vip.book.sina.com.cn