Alauda arvensis

Animalia — Chordata

Subphylum : Vertebrata
Classis : Aves
Ordo : Passeriformes
Subordo : Passeri
Superfamilia : Sylvioidea

Subdivisiones: Genera

Vide commentarium.

Alaudidae sunt familia avium ordinis Passeriformium. Quibus sunt distributio cosmopolita, maximo specierum numero in Africa invento. Una species, Eremophila alpestris, in America Septentrionali, una quoque, Mirafra javanica, in Australia fit. Habitationes naturales late variant, sed multae species regionibus siccis utuntur.

Taxinomia et systematica

Familia anno 1825 a Nicolao Aylward Vigors, zoologo Hibernico, introducta est, subfamilia Alaudina inter Fringillidas digesta.^[1]^[2] Alaudidae sunt familia bene definita, partim ob formam earum tarsi.^[3] Eis sunt multa scutae in posteriore tarsorum latere, contra unam laminam in plurimis passeris inventam. Etiam pessulo carent, structura ossea in media passerorum syringe.^[4]

Genera exstantia

Alaudidis sunt 98 species exstantes, quae in viginti unum genera digeruntur.^[5]

Imago	Genus	Species exstantes
	Alaemon Keyserling & Blasius, 1840	Alaemon alaudipes Alaemon hamertoni
	Chersomanes Cabanis, 1851	Chersomanes beesleyi Chersomanes albofasciata
	Ammomanopsis Bianchi, 1905	Ammomanopsis grayi
	Certhilauda Swainson, 1827	Certhilauda chuana Certhilauda subcoronata Certhilauda benguelensis Certhilauda semitorquata Certhilauda curvirostris Certhilauda brevirostris
	Pinarocorys Shelley, 1902	Pinarocorys nigricans Pinarocorys erythropygia
	Ramphocoris Bonaparte, 1850	Ramphocoris clotbey
	Ammomanes Cabanis, 1851	Ammomanes deserti Ammomanes cinctura Ammomanes phoenicura
	Eremopterix Kaup, 1836	Eremopterix australis Eremopterix hova Eremopterix nigriceps Eremopterix leucotis Eremopterix griseus Eremopterix signatus Eremopterix verticalis ''Eremopterix leucopareia
	Calendulauda Blyth, 1855	Calendulauda sabota Calendulauda poecilosterna Calendulauda alopex Calendulauda africanoides Calendulauda albescens Calendulauda burra Calendulauda erythrochlamys Calendulauda barlowi
	Heteromirafra Grant, 1913	Heteromirafra ruddi (Grant, 1908) Heteromirafra archeri Clarke, 1920
	Mirafra Horsfield, 1821	Mirafra fasciolata Mirafra apiata Mirafra hypermetra Mirafra africana Mirafra rufocinnamomea Mirafra angolensis Mirafra williamsi Mirafra passerina Mirafra cheniana Mirafra javanica Mirafra cantillans Mirafra microptera Mirafra assamica Mirafra erythrocephala Mirafra erythroptera Mirafra affinis Mirafra gilletti Mirafra rufa Mirafra collaris Mirafra ashi Mirafra somalica Mirafra pulpa Mirafra cordofanica Mirafra albicauda
	Lullula Kaup, 1829	Lullula a rborea
	Spizocorys Sundevall, 1872	Spizocorys obbiensis Spizocorys sclateri Spizocorys starki Spizocorys fremantlii Spizocorys personata Spizocorys fringillaris Spizocorys conirostris
	Alauda Linnaeus, 1758	Alauda leucoptera Alauda razae Alauda gulgula Alauda arvensis
	Galerida Linnaeus, 1758	Galerida deva Galerida modesta Galerida magnirostris Galerida theklae Galerida cristata Galerida malabarica Galerida macrorhyncha
	Eremophila F. Boie, 1828	Eremophila alpestris Eremophila bilopha
	Calandrella Kaup, 1829	Calandrella acutirostris Calandrella dukhunensis Calandrella blanfordi Calandrella eremica Calandrella cinerea Calandrella brachydactyla
	Melanocorypha F. Boie, 1828	Melanocorypha bimaculata Melanocorypha calandra Melanocorypha yeltoniensis Melanocorypha mongolica Melanocorypha maxima
	Chersophilus Sharpe, 1890	Chersophilus duponti
	Eremalauda W. L. Sclater, 1926	Eremalauda dunni
	Alaudala Horsfield & Moore, 1858	Alaudala athensis Alaudala cheleensis Alaudala somalica Alaudala rufescens Alaudala raytal

Genera exstincta

Genus Eremarida—Eremarida xerophila

Deliciae

Sinenses qui aviculturae faveant alaudidas delicias habent, ubi vocationes aliorum passerorum animaliumque imitari docentur. Alaudidas tredecim genera sonorum ordine stricto urbani praecipue Pecini docent, tredecim alaudidarum carmina (Mandarinice 百灵十三套) appellata. Aves quae omnia carmina ordine recto canere possunt magni pretii sunt, nam interruptiones ordinis pretium magnopere imminuunt.^[6]

Nexus interni

"Alouette" (carmen)

Notae

↑ Bock, Walter J. (1994). History and Nomenclature of Avian Family-Group Names. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. Number 222. Novi Eboraci: American Museum of Natural History. pp. 149, 264
↑ Vigors, Nicholas Aylward (1825). "On the arrangement of the genera of birds". Zoological Journal 2: 391–405 [398] .
↑ Ridgway, Robert (1907). "The Birds of North and Middle America, Part IV". Bulletin of the United States National Museum 50: 289–90 .
↑ Ames, Peter L. (1971). The morphology of the syrinx in passerine birds. Bulletin 37, Peabody Museum of Natural History. Portu Novo Connecticutae: Yale University Press. p. 104 .
↑ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2018). "Nicators, reedling, larks". World Bird List Version 8.2. International Ornithologists' Union .
↑ Jin, Shoushen (2005). 金受申讲北京. Pecini: Beijing Press. ISBN 9787200057935 .

Bibliographia

Pätzold, Rudolf. 1994. Die Lerchen der Welt: Alaudidae. Magdeburgi: Westarp Wissenschaften. ISBN 3894324228.
Meinertzhagen, R. 1951. "Review of the Alaudidae." Journal of Zoology 121 (1): 81–132. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1951.tb00739.x.

Nexus externi

Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad Alaudidas spectant.

Vide "Alaudidas" apud Vicispecies.

Vicicitatio habet citationes quae ad Alaudidas spectant.

Situs scientifici: • ITIS • NCBI • Biodiversity • Encyclopedia of Life • WoRMS: Marine Species • Fossilworks

Pelliculae, photographemata, soni. Internet Bird Collection.