The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Estonian and Finnish pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. See Finnish phonology and Estonian language for a more thorough look at the sounds of these languages.


IPA Examples English approximation
Consonants
d Finnish ladot ladder
h hevonen horse
j joulu yoyo
k kala scold
l laulu lack
lʲ[1] Estonian only leep
m metsä mocha
n nenä nanny
nʲ[1] Estonian only new
p puu spill
r rauta rolled r
s sinä sole
sʲ[1] Estonian only super (some dialects)
t tina stand
tʲ[1] Estonian only tune
ʋ viha Between v and w
Stress
ˈ hevonen (placed on the first syllable)
IPA Examples English approximation
Vowels
ɑ pouta Same as but shorter than a in father
ɑː poutaa father
æ pöytä cat
æː päivää mad
e[2] tere let
eː[2] eesti émigré
i klid kid
iː siika see
o[2] oksa chore
oː[2] koostaa No English equivalent, similar to French bureau
ø[2] pöytä Similar to RP word or bird,
Swedish öl,
øː[2] säröön Similar to RP bird,
German schön
ɤ Estonian only: õlu Similar to (oʊ) in Estonia, code, boat, goal, bone, go
ɤː Estonian only: õõnsus Same as above but longer
u surma wood
uː suu coop
y Finnish kesy
Estonian küla 		No English equivalent; similar to French tu, German füllen
yː Finnish ryyppy
Estonian rüüpa 		No English equivalent; similar to French Lune, German führen

Finnish diphthongs

[source ke badlo]

ai, au, äi, äy, ei, eu, oi, ou, öi, öy, ui, yi, iu, ie, uo, yö

Estonian diphthongs

[source ke badlo]

ae, ai, ao, au, äe, äi, äo, äu, ea, ei, eo, iu, oa, oe, oi, ou, õa, õe, õi, õo, õu, öa, öe, öi, ui, üi.

Notes and References

[source ke badlo]
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 In Estonian, the palatalized consonants, /tʲ nʲ sʲ lʲ/ are pronounced like their non-palatalized counterparts, but with constriction of the tongue towards the hard palate, as if pronouncing a simultaneous /j/.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 The open-mid vowels [ɛ œ ɔ] may also be seen for /e ø o/.


See also

[source ke badlo]
Vibhag