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Battle of Pasargadae
Part of the Campaigns of Cyrus the Great
Date550 BC?
Location
Result Tactical and Strategic Persian victory
Territorial
changes
Median Empire is annexed by Persia
Belligerents
Median Empire Achaemenid Empire (Persia)
Commanders and leaders
Astyages of Media,
Harpagus,
unknown others
Cyrus the Great
Oebares
Harpagus (later)
unknown others
Strength
100,000 [1][2] 10,000[1][2]
Casualties and losses
Heavy Light

Etmology

In Persian Apranik means Daughter of the Elder.

References










Cyaxares
King
Reign625 BC – 585 BC (according to Herodotus)
PredecessorPhraortes
SuccessorAstyages
BornEcbatana (present-day Hamadan)
Burial
Syromedia (present-day Qyzqapan), according to Igor Diakonov[3]
DynastyMedian Dynasty
ReligionPre-Zoroastrian Iranian religion

Cyaxares or Hvakhshathra (Old Persian: UVAXASHATARA[4] Uvaxštra,[5] Greek: Κυαξάρης; r. 625–585 BC), was the third and most powerfull king of Median empire. He was the first king to expand Iranian dominance in the region.

His father’s death allowed Madea, king of the Scythians to invade and conquer the then small Median kingdom. Cyaxares invited Madea to a feast, where he made them drunk and killed them thus ending 28 years of Scythian control. After that he assured the Scythians would no longer be a threat to Media. He then created a massive army by uniting all the Median tribes. He then used Scythian prisoners of war, as soldiers in this large army. He then made an alliance with the Babylonians and they both attacked Assyrian lands. In 614 BC he crossed the Zagros Mountains, and captured Assyrian lands. He then met with king Nabopolassar of Babylon and made an alliance between Media and Babylonia. In 612 BC they attacked Nineveh, the capital of Assyria, captured it and officially brought an end to the Assyrian Empire. He then put his focus into Greece and Lydia. He fought king Alyattes of Lydia and made an agreement that the Halys river should be the border between the two. The war between the Lydians and Medians ended in 585 BC because of a sudden eclipse. Cyaxares died in the same year or the year after and was succeeded by his son Astyages who was in power for 35 years until he was overthrown by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC.


Achaemenid dynasty (550–330 BC)

Tomb name Image Attributed to Location Architecture Constructed
Gur-e Dokhtar Cyrus I Bozpar Base-isolated 600 BC
Prison of Solomon Cambyses I Pasargadae Base-isolated 570 BC
Tomb of Cyrus the Great Cyrus the Great Pasargadae Base-isolated 540 BC
Toll-e Takht Cambyses II Toll-e Takht Citadel, Pasargadae Base-isolated 520 BC
Ka'ba-ye Zartosht Bardiya Naqsh-e Rustam Necropolis Base-isolated 530 BC
Tomb of Darius I Darius I Naqsh-e Rustam Necropolis Rock-cut tomb 490 BC
Tomb of Xerxes I Xerxes I Naqsh-e Rustam Necropolis Rock-cut tomb 460 BC
Tomb of Artaxerxes I Artaxerxes I Naqsh-e Rustam Necropolis Rock-cut tomb 420 BC
Tomb of Darius II Darius II Naqsh-e Rustam Necropolis Rock-cut tomb 405 BC
Tomb of Artaxerxes II Artaxerxes II Persepolis Rock-cut tomb 350 BC
Tomb of Artaxerxes III Artaxerxes III Persepolis Rock-cut tomb 330 BC
Unfinished tomb of Persepolis Darius III Persepolis Rock-cut tomb incomplete



This is a list of the largest amounts of territory conquered by Kings. This list does not include territory conquered by generals.

Rank King Portrait Max. land area (Million km2) Max. land area (Million km2) Map of territory conquered
1 Genghis Khan 19.5 12.1
Sargon the Great 0.25 0.15
Cyaxares 2.7 1.6
Ashurnasirpal II 0.09 0.05
Shalmaneser III 0.3 0.18
Tiglath-Pileser III 0.5 0.31
Esarhaddon 1.2 0.7
Cyrus the Great 6.0 3.7 File:Cyruses rule of the perisan empire.png
Alexander the Great 5.2 3.2
Darius the Great 2.0 1.2 File:Conquests of Darius of Persia.png
Cambyses II 0.5 0.3 File:Invasion of Cambyses.png
Artaxerxes III 0.5 0.3 File:Conquests o artaxerxes iii.png

Category:Lists of monarchs

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  1. ^ a b (Max Duncker, The History of Antiquity book, Book VII, pp. 352)
  2. ^ a b (Max Duncker, The History of Antiquity book, Book VII, pp. 353)
  3. ^ Gershevitch, Ilya (1984). The Cambridge history of Iran: The Median and Achaemenian periods.
  4. ^ Akbarzadeh, D.; A. Yahyanezhad (2006). The Behistun Inscriptions (Old Persian Texts) (in Persian). Khaneye-Farhikhtagan-e Honarhaye Sonati. p. 87. ISBN 964-8499-05-5.
  5. ^ Kent, Ronald Grubb (1384 AP). Old Persian: Grammar, Text, Glossary (in Persian). translated into Persian by S. Oryan. p. 406. ISBN 964-421-045-X. ((cite book)): Check date values in: |year= (help)