King of Georgia | |
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![]() The Coat of Arms of the Bagrationi Kingdom of Georgia | |
Details | |
First monarch | Bagrat III |
Last monarch | George XII |
Formation | 1008 |
Abolition | 1800 |
Pretender(s) | Nugzar Bagration-Gruzinsky (Gruzinsky branch) David Bagration (Mukhrani branch) |
Part of a series on the |
History of Georgia |
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This is a list of monarchs of the various kingdoms and principalities of Georgia until Russian annexation in 1810.
Main article: Colchis |
The known rulers of Lazica were:[1]
Main article: Caucasian Iberia |
Caucasian Iberia was a Greek and Roman name of the ancient kingdom of Kartli in what is now Eastern Georgia which began about 302 BC and fell to the Byzantines and Persians in 580. The lists of early Iberian kings are principally based on early medieval Georgian annals and is blended with legend and fact. Beginning with Artag (1st century BC), many of them are also attested by Roman/Byzantine, Armenian and Persian sources. There is also some lack of consistency about the dates of their reigns. The chronology below is given as per Javakhishvili, Toumanoff and other modern scholars.
Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
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Pharnavaz I
| fl. 3rd century BC | Semi-legendary. Ruled 302-237 BC (Vakhushti), 299-234 BC (Toumanoff) or 284-219 BC (Ingorokva).[2] | Pharnabazid | ![]() | ||
Saurmag I
| c. 234 BC | c. 159 BC | Son of Pharnavaz I | Pharnabazid |
Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
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Mirian I
| c. 159 BC | c. 109 BC | Son-in-law and adopted son of Saurmag | Pharnabazid (Nimrodid) | ||
Parnajom
| c. 109 BC | C. 90 BC | Son of Mirian I | Pharnabazid |
Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
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Artaxias I
| 90 BC | 78 BC | Son of the king of Armenia | Artaxiad | ||
Artag
| 78 BC | 63 BC | Son of Artaxias I | Artaxiad | ||
Parnavaz II
| 63 BC | 30 BC | Son of Artag | Artaxiad |
Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
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Mirian II | 32 BC | 23 BC | Son of Parnajom | Pharnabazid (Nimrodid) | ||
Arshak II | 23 BC | 2 BC | Son of Mirian II | Pharnabazid (Nimrodid) | ||
Pharasmanes I | 2 BC | AD 30 | Pharnabazid (Nimrodid) | |||
Mithridates I | 30 | 50 | Pharnabazid (Nimrodid) | |||
Pharsman I | 50 | 58 | Pharnabazid (Nimrodid) | |||
Qartam | 58 | 72 | Pharnabazid (Nimrodid) | |||
Kaos | 72 | 87 | Pharnabazid (Nimrodid) | |||
Azork | 87 | 106 | Pharnabazid (Nimrodid) | |||
Amazasp | 106 | 116 | Pharnabazid (Nimrodid) | |||
Pharsman II
| 116 | 142 | Pharnabazid (Nimrodid) | |||
Radamist | 142 | 145 | Pharnabazid (Nimrodid) | |||
Pharsman III | 145 | 185 | Pharnabazid (Nimrodid) | |||
Amazasp II | 185 | 189 | Pharnabazid (Nimrodid) |
Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rev I
| 189 | 216 | Arsacid | |||
Vache | 216 | 234 | Arsacid | |||
Bakur I | 234 | 249 | Arsacid | |||
Mithridates II Mihrdat | 249 | 265 | Arsacid | |||
Amazasp III, anti-king | 260 | 265 | Arsacid | |||
Asphagur I | 265 | 284 | Arsacid |
Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
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Mirian III | 284 | 361 | Introduced christianity into Georgia | Chosroid | ||
Rev II, co-regent | 345 | 361 | Chosroid | |||
Saurmag II | 361 | 363 | Chosroid | |||
Varaz-Bakur I (Asphagur II) | 363 | 365 | Chosroid | |||
Mithridates III | 365 | 380 | Chosroid | |||
Varaz-Bakur II (Asphagur III) | 380 | 394 | Chosroid | |||
Trdat | 394 | 406 | Chosroid | |||
Pharsman IV | 406 | 409 | Chosroid | |||
Mithridates IV | 409 | 411 | Chosroid | |||
Archil | 411 | 435 | Chosroid | |||
Mithridates V | 435 | 447 | Chosroid | |||
Vakhtang I
| 447 | 502 | Chosroid | |||
Dachi | 502 | 514 | Chosroid | |||
Bakur II (Gurgen) | 514 | 528 | Chosroid | |||
Pharsman V | 528 | 542 | Chosroid | |||
Pharsman VI | 542 | 547 | Chosroid | |||
Bakur III | 547 | 580 | Chosroid |
Main article: Principate of Iberia |
Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
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Mongolian Conquest 1292-1310
The Kings of Georgia retained the largest portion of the divided kingdom which reverted to its old name of Kartli. Kingdom of Imereti and Kingdom of Kakheti emerged as the other Bagrationi kingdoms created out of the division.
Annexation to Kakheti 1630-1634
Annexation to Kakheti 1668-1691
Annexation to Kakheti 1695-1703
Interregnum 1711-1714
Upon Jesse's death and with help from the Persians, the two neighboring kingdoms of Kartli and Kakheti were united once more. Imereti remained independent until its annexation by Russia in 1810.
Annexation of Kakheti and Kartli to Russia by Tsar Paul I before coronation, 1801.
After the Russian annexation of Kartli-Kakheti in 1801 and neighbouring Imereti in 1810 the various branches of the Bagrationi Dynasty of Georgian kings endured in Georgia under Russian occupation. However, many members were forced to flee the country and live in exile after the Red Army took control of the short-lived Democratic Republic of Georgia in 1921 and installed the Georgian Communist Party. Since the Republic of Georgia regained independence in 1990 the former royals have been raising their profile and in 2008 the two rival strands of the dynasty were united in marriage (see picture).