Larry Niven and Jerry Pournelle: The Mote in God's Eye (1974) (alien race that has to continuously breed and the consequences of its resulting overpopulation crisis)

Brian Aldiss: Greybeard (1964) (universal infertility persists as a future, dystopian Britain ages and society fragments, finally some women become fertile again)
The Last Man on Earth (1924) (silent film in which all males are killed or rendered infertile, but for one)
It's Great to Be Alive (1933) (musical comedy remake of The Last Man on Earth)
Pat Frank: Mr. Adam (1946) (all but one man rendered infertile by a nuclear mishap)
Karel Čapek: R.U.R. (1921) (universal infertility, invented the word robot, hint at sex between robots)
Anthony Burgess: The Wanting Seed (1962)
Nancy Kress: Maximum Light (1998) (widespread infertility due to environmental pollution, hybrid human/chimpanzees used as surrogate children)
P.D. James: The Children of Men (1992) (universal male infertility, starting in 1995)
Margaret Atwood: The Handmaid's Tale (1985) (widespread infertility in a theocratic United States)

Frank Herbert: Dune series (1965) (Bene Gesserit sisterhood has intense breeding program lasting thousands of years)
Lois McMaster Bujold's Barrayaran series (The Cetagandans are involved in a long-term human breeding project)
Greg Bear: Darwin's Radio (1999) (ultra-rapid evolution of homo sapiens whilst still in utero due to a retrovirus)

Aldous Huxley: Brave New World (1932) (all children produced in artificial wombs and engineered for specific social niches)
Marge Piercy: Woman on the Edge of Time (1976) (fetuses raised externally in breeders rather than in the female womb)
Lois McMaster Bujold: Diplomatic Immunity (2002) -- uterine replicators play a major part in this story again
Lois McMaster Bujold: Barrayar (1991) (artificial wombs as helpful for fetuses endangered by exposure to toxins, and as vulnerable to kidnapping or sabotage by enemies of the parents)
Lois McMaster Bujold: Ethan of Athos (1986) (all-male society, reproduction via artificial wombs)
David Weber: The Honor Harrington series - Military and professional women often "tube" (externally gestate) their offspring, including the titular character.
Gattaca, 1997 film in which reprogenetics and their impact on society feature heavily.

John Wyndham: The Midwich Cuckoos (1957) (human women simultaneously impregnated with identical alien children) and the short story Consider Her Ways
Naomi Mitchison: Memoirs of a Spacewoman (1962) (the protagonist, at one point, is pregnant with an alien)
Species (1995) SF film about an alien-human hybrid's attempt to become pregnant