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The article about Thaddeus Lowe says:
Actually I doubt that... - Alureiter 18:14, 11 November 2005 (UTC)
A quote from the Wizard of Oz just before he took off in a balloon.
I never realized this question about Lowe and the Jet stream existed. In the biographies of Lowe, he is spoken of as having recognized a high wind above winds that always blew to the East. In his Cincinnati to Unionville South Carolina balloon flight, he flew a high wind, in excess of 18,000 feet, to that spot. If that's not the Jet Stream, then I'll redact. Maybe somebody named it "Jet Stream" later on. The best of aviators of the day, 1857-1859, realized that a transatlantic flight could be made by this wind, even though it was never accomplished. Lowe's subsequent period of Civil War ballooning had nothing to do with Jet Stream flight. Add to that, the best scientists from the Smithsonian, including Lowe's mentor Prof. Joseph Henry, were sold on Lowe's meteorological calculations, some of the earliest ever documented. I remain yours truly, editor of the Thaddeus Lowe article--Magi Media (talk) 01:15, 25 May 2008 (UTC)
The article says that Ooishi's work on the Jet Stream "went largely unnoticed outside of Japan as he chose to write in the international language of Esperanto which was little read in scientific circles."
And Japanese *was* widely read in scientific circles in the 1920s??? The way the matter is phrased to me seems boardering on being non-neutral towards Esperanto...
The article says:
But there is nothing below on the fire bombs :( 129.241.11.199 14:26, 17 March 2006 (UTC)
"During World War II the American aviator Wiley Post.."
Wiley Post died in 1935. WWII started in 1939 and the U.S. entered the war in 1941. Clearly either the timeframe is wrong or it was not done by Wiley Post. MichaelSH 04:27, 27 May 2006 (UTC)
According to Guinness World Records 2006, a jet stream speed of 656 km/h (408 mph) was measured above South Uist December 13, 1967. More on the subject here.
Here's an another link on the subject with more details --Anshelm '77 (talk) 13:16, 4 July 2015 (UTC)
My comment refers to the Jet Stream article found at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_stream. The text in question is quoted here:
“A 1943 Royal Air Force raid on Gironde, France, encountered tailwinds that sped them to their target, but returning the same headwinds, estimated at 380 km/h, caused their aircraft to stall, and the crews were forced to parachute into occupied Vichy France, where they were captured.”
I’m having trouble with the suggestion that the same headwinds, on the return trip, caused the aircraft to stall. Airplanes fly within the air mass and as such have air speeds. It really doesn’t matter which direction the air mass is moving, the aircraft is transiting that air mass at an airspeed that will allow it to continue flying. If they somehow tried t slow the aircraft’s airspeed to provide a given ground speed, then it would be possible to slow the aircraft (airspeed) sufficiently to allow it to stall (a pretty dumb thing to do).
There is a phenomenon encountered by airplanes approaching airports for landing (low altitude, slow airspeed, & perhaps hanging numerous lift/drag devices such as flaps and landing gear) in which a headwind quickly changes to a tailwind effectively causing the airspeed to drop to critical levels (and possible the aircraft to crash). This “wind shear” effectively steals the lift from the wings and unless the pilot can return the airspeed to flying speed quickly, they will likely crash.
Even if the 1943 flight encountered such a wind shear at altitude, it should not have caused the aircraft to stall and the crew to abandon it. Altitude is your friend in these situations and the 1943 flight should have been able to trade altitude for airspeed sufficient to maintain controlled flight.
If I missed the point of the article, I apologize in advance. Please accept these thoughts in the spirit in which they were intended.
Thank you for an excellent article. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.188.252.180 (talk)
The very first paragraph states, "Jet streams are fast flowing, relatively narrow air currents found in the atmosphere at around 11 kilometres (36,000 ft) above the surface of the Earth, just under the tropopause. They form at the boundaries of adjacent air masses with significant differences in temperature, such as of the polar region and the warmer air to the south. The jet stream is mainly found in the stratosphere."
Since the stratosphere is found above the tropopause and not just under it, where exactly is the jet stream found?!
"In the Northern Hemisphere the streams are most commonly found between latitudes 30°N and 70°N for the polar jet stream (pilots remember that like birds they go north in the summer and south in the winter),"
What are we talking about here, do pilots go north in the summer and south in the winter, or does the jet stream. In my experiance the jetstream drops further to the south during the winter and gets pushed higher to the north during the summer. I could be... and probobly am... wrong though.
Harnessing energy from the constant currents of Jet Streams may be a solution to some of Human energy concerns. Perhaps there is a way to create nanotech instruments that can capture the currents power in the Tropopause. Sort of like Dams. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Mahovictor (talk • contribs) 04:56, 3 December 2007 (UTC)
Do any birds/insects/creatures use the jet stream besides us? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.164.65.21 (talk) 03:17, 12 February 2008 (UTC)
The only means of doing this will always involve a tether: strong enough to withstand many tonnes of drag-force, but light enough (over 10's of km of [oblique] length) not to bring the whole thing down. The tethers (thousands of them to be practical) also must not pose an aeronautical hazard. These pose obstacles that would be practicably insurmountable. Furthermore, the jet streams are neither stable in horizontal or vertical position, nor strength. All those aerial wind-farms' kites could come crashing down with no wind to keep them lofted. JohndanR (talk) 18:33, 20 October 2020 (UTC)
This article says jet streams flow from east to west. Other web pages dealing with jet streams say the opposite, that the winds flow from west to east.
The article says "Northern Hemisphere (stream is) between latitude 20°N and 50°N for the subtropical (sic)". Should that last word be subtropical or tropical without the prefix "sub"? Moriori 02:27, Apr 9, 2004 (UTC)
article states that jet streams were discovered during WW II by Wiley Post. He actually died in 1935, but did discover them.
I'm a bit puzzled as to how the page text and piccies fit in with pix like http://www.ecmwf.int/research/era/ERA-40_Atlas/images/full/D25_XS_DJF.gif. Obviously thats a long-term mean and doesn't take account of meandering, but... there is really only one jet per hemisphere... they are clearly far more than a few km wide... and so on William M. Connolley (talk) 20:11, 11 May 2008 (UTC)
Overall, the article is almost there. Here's the things I saw:
Again, it shouldn't require that much work to get the article to GA status. Titoxd(?!? - cool stuff) 23:51, 12 May 2008 (UTC)
The jet stream is caused by the rotation of the earth moving faster then the static air above the lower atmosphere]
There is a intermediate layer of stationary air [fisenne zone?] with sufficient viscosity to interact with the lower atmosphere. Simple inertia of this layer translates to an apparent high speed wind from the ground viewpoint. Theoretically, wind speed ranges from zero at the north and south poles to a thousand miles/hr at the equator. In fact, the strong heat thermals at the lower latitudes eliminate the static air. It is at the higher latitudes that the constant dynamic interaction of the lower atmosphere and the static air. creates the configuration called the jet stream.
Note:The tremendous power of the jet stream in an easterly direction cannot be fully explained in any other way: yet the powerless static air relies upon the earth's lower atmosphere to provide the apparent power.
My belief differs from conventional meteorology: but I am willing to bet a buck or two that I am correct. Submitted by Charles Fisenne 516-223-8899 2732 Park Ave. Baldwin N.Y. 11510 Replies welcome cfisenne@verizon.net —Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.89.100.3 (talk) 21:01, 6 January 2009 (UTC)
The article states:
But if the jet stream moves in this direction, it would be moving faster than the earth is rotating. The article could use more depth on the jet stream cause? Ann arbor street (talk) 15:09, 8 June 2009 (UTC)
I disagree with Boris over this [1] (we can leave the Coriolis aside for the moment). The fundamental *cause* is solar heating. Thunderstorms are just one mechanism - they might even be the most important, I don't know - but they aren't the cause William M. Connolley (talk) 08:16, 27 September 2009 (UTC)
A small number of articles talk about a "polar night jet". This seems to be an additional type of jet which seems to be higher (stratosphere?) than the normal jet stream and to occur only in winter months in the relevant hemisphere (hence "polar night"). Should information on this topic be a different article or in a subsection of this article? Feline Hymnic (talk) 23:24, 25 September 2009 (UTC)
Incidentally, I'm not really sure about the "polar jet" stuff in the article. Can you see the polar jet in, e.g., this [5]? William M. Connolley (talk) 20:23, 26 September 2009 (UTC)
A decade+ later, and the 2:1 height discrepancy is still unexplained, standing out like a sore thumb to this reader. Frankly, I find the first two references extremely weak (brief mentions in the popular press), and in the third it's a barely off-hand comment in an article on a different topic. Surely better references are available ... and if not, the section should be deleted. (Not me tonight.) Paleolith (talk) 23:20, 27 January 2024 (UTC)
Lede sez "Jet streams, or just jets in context, are fast flowing, narrow air currents found in the atmosphere of planets at the tropopause, the transition between the troposphere (where temperature decreases with height) and the stratosphere (where temperature increases with height)." (emphasis added) Which planets other than Earth have a troposphere with a stratosphere above? Since the lapse rate reversal in the stratosphere is mainly caused by ozone absorption of UV, I'm curious as to whether this generalizes to other planets. Short Brigade Harvester Boris (talk) 21:05, 26 September 2009 (UTC)
Having done a little recent editing in an attempt to improve the article, it still doesn't seem right to me (a non-met. person who is trying to gain an understanding of the topic). I think that one of the problems is that it still lacks some structure and, indeed, focus; and that one of the reasons for this is that it has (I think) ended up covering two different topics without realising it. The major topic seems to be "jet streams" (global weather systems? polar and subtropical? Ooishi (1920s)? WW2? commercial aircraft? etc.) The other seems to be more localised phenomena (barrier jet? African, Australian winds? etc.) My guess is that these two topics are really largely different (perhaps a little overlap) but that happen to share a common name "jet".
Might it help it if we consider splitting this article into two separate ones? Presumably the global weather article (polar, subtropical etc.) would retain the title "jet stream". What might the other be called?
Just a thought. Feline Hymnic (talk) 20:22, 27 September 2009 (UTC)
The term "Coastal Low-Level Jets"[8] does not seem to be covered in the article. Here are some general scientific sources : Global Climatology of the Coastal Low-Level Wind Jets using different Reanalysis, Global View of Coastal Low-Level Wind Jets, Mesoscale modeling of coastal low-level jets. There are also several site-specific sources. TGCP (talk) 21:52, 29 August 2020 (UTC)
Jet streams may have been known for a long time, but I'd always understood that the term "jet stream" was only coined in the 1950s when jet passenger aircraft flying at altitudes of 30,000ft and higher started to encounter them regularly on the trans-Atlantic crossing. Can anyone shed some light on this? --Recoloniser (talk) 11:52, 3 January 2010 (UTC)
Jet stream#Cause says "There are two factors that contribute to this sharpness of the jets. One is the tendency for developing cyclonic disturbances in midlatitudes to form fronts — sharp localized gradients in temperature." but doesn't say what the 2nd factor is (or provide a source). Rod57 (talk) 18:58, 10 January 2010 (UTC)
The article credits a Japanese scientist for first noticing the phenomenon, but this evening's PBS NewsHour has a piece that makes it earlier and links it to following the spectacular sunsets that followed the Krakatoa explosion in 1883. They interviewed a person who had written a book about this.
It is probably worthwhile looking into this. Bill Jefferys (talk) 22:57, 16 April 2010 (UTC)
A number of pop and news articles say something to the effect that Seilkopf invented the term "jet stream", and this claim found its way into wikipedia. Notice that the cite given (on the left pane) says nothing like this. Early German books typically write about Seilkopf's term, like, " 'Strahlströmung', English term 'jet stream'". The modern German synonym is "Starhlstrom".
By the way, please do not remove red linking from articles: a red link is useful: it brings an attention to the fact that an article is missing.
P.S. This leaves the issue open: who actually was first to use the English term "jet stream": was it just a translation of the German term or was introduced independently?
P.P.S. I understand that this may look like nitpicking, but for me it looks rather weird that a German is credited with coining an English word. It could make sense if the word was "international", e.g., "Agoraphobia" or directly borrowed, like Blitzkrieg, but here we have that a German term was translated, not borrowed. Therefore I rephrased the text in a more cautious way.
Various articles refer to something called a "jet streak". This would appear to be some sort of component within a jet stream that moves even faster. Somewhere within Wikipedia we could do with a description of a "jet streak". Should it be a separate article or a section within this article? ANy volunteers? Feline Hymnic (talk) 23:02, 18 June 2010 (UTC)
I came here to ask about what a jet streak is. NWS has an old, poorly maintained article [9] that I cannot understand. It would great if this topic were even mentioned in this article, but I think it deserves its own section. JKeck (talk) 14:35, 21 January 2021 (UTC)
The introduction includes "Thus there is a tendency for air at higher levels of the atmosphere to "slip" and fall behind the speed of the air below. This results in a pressure buildup behind the "slipped" air, and so some air will have to catch up by moving in the same general direction as the planet's rotation (west to east on Earth)"
This makes no sense to me - on the face of it there is no obvious reason why a band of air in the upper atmosphere should not travel more slowly than the air above it. Surely the reason that the jet streams travel faster than the air below them is much more to do with equatorial air moving polewards while maintaining its angular momentum? In any case the statement needs a citation. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Majurawombat (talk • contribs) 04:45, 17 October 2010 (UTC)
The first line of the article states: "Jet streams are fast flowing, narrow air currents found in the atmospheres of some planets, including Earth. "
Do planets other than Earth have air?
If not should the word air be either replaced to use some other generic term such as as "fluid"?
Or if air is a requirement for a jetstream, then perhaps the first like could become something like: "Jet streams are fast flowing, narrow air currents found in the atmospheres of Earth , and possibly some other planets."
I'm not a chemist, physicist or astronomer, but I was under the impression that air was pretty much taken to be the the stuff that surrouds us on Earth and that it was not known to be present elsewhere. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 14.2.35.175 (talk) 06:04, 24 June 2012 (UTC)
There is a tendency for the jet stream to be designated the cause or controller of surface weather. Should it be placed more as a consequence of the interaction between high pressure cells? In which case it is more of an indicator of surface weather. I am reminded of the ping-pong ball suspended on a vertical air stream. And also the air bubbles and debris gathered into a line on the surface between ebbing and flowing masses of water in a tidal estuary. 81.156.103.21 (talk) 10:52, 3 July 2012 (UTC)Jon Horridge
It seems a shame that the main animation in the lead shows jet streams over North America only. Span (talk) 22:12, 11 July 2012 (UTC)
Agreed. It would also be nice to have a bit more research/info on jet streams in the southern hemisphere. Latitude distribution, effects, map, and so on. FF FridayFields (talk) 03:32, 22 June 2015 (UTC)
"aerial superhighway" that's not a "highway" — Preceding unsigned comment added by Guesters (talk • contribs) 18:42, 22 September 2012 (UTC)
Starting with the "Alternative Jet Stream Theory" heading above, and several other comments since then, I would like to add my concern about the stated origins or causes of the 4 main upper air Jet Streams (two in the northern hemisphere and two in the south). In both the opening remarks of the article, and under the heading "Cause" (subheading: "Other planets"), jet streams are said to be caused on other planets by "internal heating" - presumably nuclear reactions. The problem with this statement is that internal heating would cause the poles of the other (gas giant) planets to be as hot as their equators (compare with the sun). Thus the other statement, in the first section of "Cause", that the jet streams are the simple consequence of the equator being hotter than the poles, cannot be correct. Or, at least, there is an unexplained contradiction here.
Furthermore Uranus is unique among the planets because its axis of rotation is tilted sideways, nearly into the plane of its revolution about the Sun. Its north and south poles therefore lie where most other planets have their equators. Yet the winds at the equator are retrograde, which means that they blow in the reverse direction to the planetary rotation. Wind speeds increase with the distance from the equator, reaching zero values near ±20° latitude, where the troposphere's temperature minimum is located. Closer to the poles, the winds shift to a prograde direction, flowing with Uranus's rotation. Wind speeds continue to increase reaching maxima at ±60° latitude before falling to zero at the poles. (Words copied and pasted from the Wikipedia article on Uranus)
This could have been a reasonably close description of the earth’s upper air winds, which implies that it highly unlikely that it is primarily solar insolation, and the consequent differences in temperature between the equator and the poles that cause the major features of the airflow in a planet’s atmosphere. Internal heating will also not explain Uranian weather, as explained above.
I am not a meteorologist, but have been doing some reading on the subject, and coming up against the same problem in all the texts I have consulted. I am therefore going to stick my neck out, and join some of the other commentators on this Talk page, and suggest that it is simply the earth’s (or other planet’s) rotation on its axis that accounts for most of the atmospheric circulation. If air at the equator is centrifuged away from the surface it will start moving round a greater circumference than at the surface and therefore seem to move “retrogradely”, or in a westward direction. At the tropopause it will spread north and southwards, but as it does so it will start going round ever decreasing circles (lines of latitude) and therefore gain ground-speed in an eastward direction (compare with Uranus’ atmosphere). If traced on a map these high level winds follow tracks that curve clockwise in the northern hemisphere and counter-clockwise in the south. They are prevented from returning to the equator by the continuous outflow of high altitude air from the equatorial region. Thus there is a build up of high altitude air moving in an eastward direction at high velocity: i.e. the '’subtropical jet streams’’ at about 30° N and S, associated with the subtropical high pressure zones at ground level around the globe.
I think I have said enough for an amateur on this subject. (Continuing in the same vein it is possible to explain most of the main features of the earth's air circulation - e.g. the equator-ward polar easterlies, the mid-latitudinal westerlies, etc.) If what I have said above is physical nonsense then any further elaboration is going to be pure absurdity. I have only put it out there because I think the explanation for the jet streams, presented in the article, does not take into account the airflow patterns that have been discovered on the other planets, where the difference in solar heating of the equatorial regions exceeding that of the poles does not apply. Heating from within the planet is clearly not the driving force either. The only thing that all the planets have in common and could be responsible the similarities in weather patterns is their rotation on their axes. Whether or not this provides a complete and satisfactory explanation of the jet streams on earth and the other planets should be acknowledged as a possibility, or a reason given why it is an absurd idea, and that the cause of the jet streams is still enigmatic. Oggmus (talk) 14:19, 9 November 2014 (UTC)
It's only in the summer months that it's been consistently displaced to the south since 2007, and only in the vicinity of the UK (Eastern Europe has seen abnormally warm summers since those in the UK deteriorated). The article says the English Channel, but at times it's been down over the Bay of Biscay or even Iberia when it "normally" (pre 2007) would be north of Scotland. I've seen claims that melting Arctic ice is behind this, but that doesn't explain why it suddenly started in 2007. There was a run of unusually poor UK summers in the mid-1980s as well, but that only lasted 3 or 4 years. It did seem to be righting itself in June and July 2014, before suddenly going back to the post-2007 position in August (and remaining there during summer 2015 so far). One or two years of this would be normal climate variability, but eight does not seem right.
In winter the North Atlantic Oscillation is the key, and perhaps should be mentioned in the article. Since the 2007 summer shift it's varied in winter, unusually negative in 2009-2011 and very positive since late 2013. Walshie79 (talk) 23:32, 28 July 2015 (UTC)
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The section seems to contradict itself. For example, the first sentence says it only occurs in the winter; the second sentence says that it occurs at a higher altitude in the winter than in the summer. Is the polar night jet a separate phenomenon from the all-year polar jet, or a variation of it? ZFT (talk) 04:47, 18 December 2016 (UTC)
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In the article I read:
"Rossby waves are caused by changes in the Coriolis effect with latitude.[citation needed] Shortwave troughs, are smaller scale waves superimposed on the Rossby waves, with a scale of 1,000 to 4,000 kilometres (620–2,490 mi) long,[1] that move along through the flow pattern around large scale, or longwave, "ridges" and "troughs" within Rossby waves.[2]"
This text raises questions with me as to what the author(s) mean(s) to say exactly, and I suggest it be rewritten.
"Rossby waves are caused by changes in the Coriolis effect with latitude.[citation needed]"
"Shortwave troughs, are smaller scale waves superimposed on the Rossby waves, with a scale of 1,000 to 4,000 kilometres (620–2,490 mi) long,[3] that move along through the flow pattern around large scale, or longwave, "ridges" and "troughs" within Rossby waves.[4]"
If my understanding is right, I would suggest the following wording.
"Rossby waves are caused by changes in the Coriolis effect with latitude.[citation needed] Superimposed on the Rossby waves can be shortwave troughs, which are smaller waves with a scale of 1,000 to 4,000 kilometres (620–2,490 mi) long,[5] and which move along through the flow pattern around the large scale, or longwave, "ridges" and "troughs" that constitute the Rossby waves.[6]"Redav (talk) 16:15, 22 November 2018 (UTC)
References
Unreadable typos and contradictory statements abound. I'll try to come back to fix it later when I'm more well versed on the subject, but if someone could get to it before then that would be excellent. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Conkaeso (talk • contribs) 01:43, 13 March 2019 (UTC)
It's not clear from the article why the jet streams go eastward. The surface winds north of 60° go towards the west, and the high-altitude winds north of 35° also go towards the west, according to the article Atmospheric circulation. From the diagram I have put here, I suppose that the explanation is that the polar jet stream is basic'ly just westerly surface winds from the Ferrel cell which have risen to a high altitude, whereas in the case of the subtropical jet stream, it's westerly high-altitude winds from the Hadley cell. Is that the explanation? Why then are the jet streams so much faster than the winds they are derived from? Eric Kvaalen (talk) 12:32, 2 September 2019 (UTC)
Why this current always runs in the direction from west to east? And why in recent years it is from the USA where thanks to the jet stream they always have mild summers and very snowy winters (long duration of snow cover is beneficial for underground water levels), and in Europe "thanks to" it always has hot summers way above the norm (droughts) starting from practically rainless months like March and April and warm rainy winters? I sense some weather machinations on the part of the US, who then push such "clogged" weather ("clogged" omega-shaped jet stream) eastward across the Atlantic and into Europe. 188.164.151.106 (talk) 13:26, 3 March 2022 (UTC)
This article has too short a prefatory lead for its good article status. If someone can invest some time and effort into expanding it so it adumbrates more of the content occurring in body, that would be very instructive from a reader's perspective. Thank you, MBlaze Lightning (talk) 09:51, 21 May 2023 (UTC)
I've no idea how to edit so I'll just drop this here. The citation for Japanese ww2 biological warfare and cowpox production leads to an irrelevant list-style article about samurai warrior clans. 2604:3D09:3E7B:A600:40F:E464:1996:4594 (talk) 08:55, 14 December 2023 (UTC)