Robert Gardner may refer to:

Law and politics

• Bob Gardner, legislator in Colorado
• Robert Gardner (Victorian politician) (1916–2002), Australian politician
• Robert A. Gardner (politician), Ohio politician
• Robert K. A. Gardiner (1914–1994), Ghanaian minister for Finance and Economic Planning
• Bob Gardner (Queensland politician) (1890–1966), member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly

Sportspeople

• Robert Gardner (footballer) (1847–1887), Scottish footballer
• Robert Gardner (golfer) (1890–1956), American golfer and pole vaulter
• Rob Gardner (baseball) (1944–2023), Major League Baseball pitcher

Musicians

• Rob Gardner (musician) (born 1965), rock musician
• Rob Gardner (composer) (born 1978), American composer of primarily oratorios

Others

• Robert Gardner (academic) (born 1938), Canadian documentary filmmaker and Ryerson University professor
• Robert Gardner (anthropologist) (1925–2014), director of the Film Study Center, Harvard University
• Robert Gardner (ballet), artistic director of the Minnesota Ballet
• Robert Brown Gardner (1939–1998), American mathematician
• Robert H. Gardner (born 1947), American documentary filmmaker
• Robert W. Gardner (inventor), invented the speed governor used in steam engines; see also Robert W. Gardner House
• R. Wayne Gardner (1894–?), minister, academic, and the president of the Eastern Nazarene College
• Robert J. Gardner (1837–1902), American soldier in the American Civil War
• Robert Waterman Gardner (1866–1937), architect