The Lateran Treaty is one of the Lateran Pacts of 1929 or Lateran Accords, agreements made in 1929 between the Kingdom of Italy and the Holy See, and ratified June 7, 1929, ending the "Roman Question". Italy was then under a Fascist government; the succeeding Italian governments have all upheld the treaty.

The pacts consisted of two documents, with four annexes:^[1]

• A political treaty recognising the full sovereignty of the Holy See in the State of Vatican City, which was thereby established, a document accompanied by the annexes:
  • A plan of the territory of the Vatican City State
  • A list and plans of the buildings with extraterritorial privilege and exemption from expropriation and taxes
  • A list and plans of the buildings with exemption from expropriation and taxes
  • A financial convention agreed on as a definitive settlement of the claims of the Holy See following the loss of its territories and property
• A concordat regulating relations between the Catholic Church and the Italian state