Physaloptera
P. ngoci, male caudal extremity [1]
P. ngoci, scanning electron microscopy
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Nematoda
Class:
Secernentea
Order:
Spirurida
Family:
Physalopteridae
Genus:
Physaloptera
Species

See text.

Systematics

Physaloptera is a genus of parasitic nematodes in the family Physalopteridae. Species include:

Undescribed or unidentified species have been found on the hispid cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus) in the southern United States,[4] the marsh rice rat (Oryzomys palustris) in Florida,[8] and Leontopithecus rosalia, Physalaemus soaresi, Cacajao calvus, and Lagothrix lagotricha in Brazil.[2]

Physaloptera spp. as human parasites

Physaloptera spp. eggs found in a grave of the Bronze Age in Iran

Most species utilize insects such as crickets, cockroaches, and beetles as intermediate hosts.[9] Several species of Physaloptera can be parasites of primates and man.[10][11] This rare disease is known as spiruridiasis. Human infection is considered to be ancient; eggs of Physaloptera sp. were found in a grave of the Bronze Age in Iran.[9]

References

  1. ^ a b Veciana, Marina; Chaisiri, Kittiponk; Morand, Serge; Miquel, Jordi; Ribas, Alexis (2013). "New biogeographical and morphological information on Physaloptera ngoci Le-Van-Hoa, 1961 (Nematoda: Physalopteridae) in South-east Asian rodents". Parasite. 20: 23. doi:10.1051/parasite/2013023. ISSN 1776-1042. PMC 3718517. PMID 23815881.
  2. ^ a b c d Muniz-Pereira et al., 2009, p. 11
  3. ^ Santana et al., 2010, p. 106
  4. ^ a b c Kinsella, 1974, p. 9
  5. ^ Dragoo and Sheffield, 2009, p. 5
  6. ^ Mirzayans, 1971
  7. ^ Petri, Leo H. (September 1950). "Life Cycle of Physaloptera rara Hall and Wigdor, 1918 (Nematoda: Spiruroidea) with the Cockroach, Blatella germanica, Serving as the Intermediate Host". Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. 53 (3): 331–337. doi:10.2307/3626145. JSTOR 3626145.
  8. ^ Kinsella, 1988, table 1
  9. ^ a b Makki, Mahsasadat; Dupouy-Camet, Jean; Seyed Sajjadi, Seyed Mansour; Moravec, František; Reza Naddaf, Saied; Mobedi, Iraj; Malekafzali, Hossein; Rezaeian, Mostafa; Mohebali, Mehdi; Kargar, Faranak; Mowlavi, Gholamreza (2017). "Human spiruridiasis due to Physaloptera spp. (Nematoda: Physalopteridae) in a grave of the Shahr-e Sukhteh archeological site of the Bronze Age (2800–2500 BC) in Iran". Parasite. 24: 18. doi:10.1051/parasite/2017019. ISSN 1776-1042. PMC 5467177. PMID 28573969.
  10. ^ Leiper, Robert T. (1907). "Physaloptera mordens: A new intestinal parasite of man". Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 1: 76–IN1. doi:10.1016/S0035-9203(07)90015-2. ISSN 0035-9203.
  11. ^ Lleras, Andres Soriano; Pan, Chiatung (1955). "Two cases of Physaloptera infection in man from Colombia". The Journal of Parasitology. 41 (6): 635. doi:10.2307/3274147. ISSN 0022-3395. JSTOR 3274147.

Literature cited

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