Immunology

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to immunology:

Immunology – study of all aspects of the immune system in all organisms.[1] It deals with the physiological functioning of the immune system in states of both health and disease; malfunctions of the immune system in immunological disorders (autoimmune diseases, hypersensitivities, immune deficiency, transplant rejection); the physical, chemical and physiological characteristics of the components of the immune system in vitro, in situ, and in vivo.

Essence of immunology

Immunology

  1. Branches of immunology:

1. General Immunology 2. Basic Immunology 3. Advanced Immunology 4. Medical Immunology 5. Pharmaceutical Immunology 9. Clinical Immunology 6. Environmental Immunology 8. Cellular and Molecular Immunology 9. Food and Agricultural Immunology

History of immunology

History of immunology

General immunological concepts

  • Immunity against:

Components of the immune system

Immune system

  Adaptive immune system

Adaptive immune system

  • Kinds of antibodies
  • Classification
  • Functions
  • Regions

  Innate immune system

Innate immune system

  • Positive
  • Negative

Organs of the immune system

Lymphatic system

  Primary lymphoid organs

Primary lymphoid organs

  Secondary lymphoid organs

Secondary lymphoid organs

Cells of the immune system

White blood cells

  Myeloid cells

Main articles: Myeloid cells and Phagocytes
See also: Sentinel cell

  Lymphoid cells

Lymphoid cells

  Others

(Non-hematopoietic cells with immune functions)

  Hematopoiesis

Main articles: Hematopoiesis and Hematopoietic stem cell
See also: Leukopoiesis, Extramedullary hematopoiesis, and Cellular differentiation
  • T cell development
  • B cell development
  • Pre-pro-B cell
  • Early pro-B cell
  • Late pro-B cell
  • Large pre-B cell
  • Small pre-B cell
  • Immature B cell
  • Mast cell precursors

Molecules of the immune system

Immune receptors

Main articles: Immune receptor and co-receptors

See also: List of immune receptors

   Antigen receptors

  • Stimulatory
  • Inhibitory
  • Accessory molecule (CD79)
  • Co-receptors
  • Accessory molecules

   Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)

Pattern recognition receptor

See also: List of pattern recognition receptors

See also: Pathogen-associated molecular pattern and Damage-associated molecular pattern
See also: C-type lectin
  • Dectin 1 subfamily
  • DCIR subfamily
  • Class A - Trimers
  • Class B - Two transmembrane domains
  • Others
  • NLRA (A for acidic transactivating domain)
  • NLRX
  • Secreted PRRs

   Complement receptors

Complement receptor

   Fc receptors

Fc receptor

See also: List of Fc receptors
  • Secreted Fc receptors

   Cytokine receptors

Cytokine receptor

See also: List of cytokine receptors
  • Others
  • EPOR (Erythropoietin receptor) - Homodimer
  • G-CSFR (CD114) - Homodimer upon ligand binding
  • MPL (CD110, Thrombopoietin receptor) - Homodimer upon ligand binding
  • GHR (Growth hormone receptor) - Homodimer upon ligand binding
  • PRLR (Prolactin receptor)
  • Interleukin receptors
  • C chemokine receptors (XCRs)
  • CX3C chemokine receptors (CX3CRs)

   Natural killer cell receptors

Natural killer cell receptors

  • Natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCRs)
  • Natural killer group 2 receptors (NKG2s)
  • Activating KIRs
  • Two domains, long cytoplasmic tail
  • Two domains, short cytoplasmic tail
  • Three domains, long cytoplasmic tail
  • Three domains, short cytoplasmic tail
  • KIR3DS1

   Others

  • LILR subfamily A
  • LILR subfamily B

Antibodies

Antibodies

Cytokines

Cytokine

See also: Proinflammatory cytokine, Monokine, and Lymphokine
See also: Chemotaxis
  • CX3CL1 (Fractalkine, Neurotactin)

MHCs

Major histocompatibility complex

See also: Human leukocyte antigen

Complement proteins

Antimicrobial peptides

Antimicrobial peptides

Transcription factors

Signaling pathways

Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)

Cell adhesion molecules

See also: List of cell adhesion molecules
  • Alpha subunits
  • Beta subunits
  • Dimers
  • Cytoadhesin receptor
  • Leukocyte-adhesion receptor:
  • Very late antigen receptor:
  • CTX family
  • CD2 family

Others

  • CD80 - Expressed by APCs
  • CD86 - Expressed by APCs
  • CD28 family receptors
  • CD28 - Expressed by T Cells
  • CD278 (ICOS) - Homodimer, expressed by T Cells
  • CTLA-4 (CD152)
  • PD-1 (CD279)

Immune system disorders

Immune disorder

Hypersensitivity and Allergy

Main articles: Hypersensitivity, Autoimmunity, and Autoimmune disease
  • Foreign
  • Autoimmune
  • Foreign
  • Autoimmune
  • Foreign
  • Autoimmune
  • GVHD (Graft-versus-host disease)
  • Unknown/Multiple types
  • Foreign
  • Autoimmune

Immunodeficiency

Immunodeficiency

See also: Immunocompetence

Cancers of the immune system

Myeloid diseases

Inflammatory diseases

Immunoproliferative immunoglobulin disorders

Immunoproliferative immunoglobulin disorders

Lymphatic organ disease

Immunologic techniques and tests

Immunology and health

Immunologists

List of immunologists

Immunology lists

References

  1. ^ Janeway's Immunobiology textbook Searchable free online version at the National Center for Biotechnology Information
  2. ^ "HGNC Gene Group: C-type lectin domain containing". Retrieved 2019-08-30.
  3. ^ Geijtenbeek TB, Gringhuis SI (July 2009). "Signalling through C-type lectin receptors: shaping immune responses". Nat. Rev. Immunol. 9 (7): 465–79. doi:10.1038/nri2569. PMC 7097056. PMID 19521399.
  4. ^ Royet J, Gupta D, Dziarski R (December 2011). "Peptidoglycan recognition proteins: modulators of the microbiome and inflammation". Nat. Rev. Immunol. 11 (12): 837–51. doi:10.1038/nri3089. PMID 22076558. S2CID 5266193.

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