Ministry
Ministry performing live at the 2016 Wacken Open Air
Ministry performing live at the 2016 Wacken Open Air
Background information
OriginChicago, Illinois, United States
Genres
Years active
  • 1981–2008
  • 2011–present
Labels
Members
Past members

Ministry is an American industrial metal band, founded in 1981 by Al Jourgensen in Chicago, Illinois. Originally a synth-pop outfit, Ministry shifted its style to become one of the pioneers of industrial metal in the mid-to-late 1980s. The band's lineup has gone through many changes throughout its history, with Jourgensen remaining the only constant as the band's main producer, singer, songwriter, and instrumentalist. Notable musicians who have contributed to the band's studio and live activities include Paul Barker, William Rieflin, Nivek Ogre, Mike Scaccia, Rey Washam, Paul Raven and Tony Campos.

Ministry found mainstream success in the late 1980s and early 1990s with three of their studio albums: The Land of Rape and Honey (1988), The Mind Is a Terrible Thing to Taste (1989) and Psalm 69: The Way to Succeed and the Way to Suck Eggs (1992), with the former of the two certified gold and the latter certified platinum by the RIAA.[1] The 1996 follow-up album, Filth Pig, was also critically acclaimed but did not repeat the success of its predecessors; the album did, however, earn Ministry its highest chart position on the Billboard 200, peaking at number nineteen.[2] The band has been nominated for six Grammy Awards, and performed at several notable music festivals, including participating in the second annual Lollapalooza tour in 1992 and co-headlining Big Day Out in 1995.

Ministry broke up in 2008 after 27 years of recording and performing, and Jourgensen had since stated that they would never reunite. However, the band announced a reunion in August 2011,[3] and has released two more studio albums since then: Relapse (2012) and From Beer to Eternity (2013). Their next studio album (and first in five years), titled AmeriKKKant, is expected for release in early 2018.[4]

History

Formation and With Sympathy (1981–1984)

Ministry's origins dates to 1978, when Al Jourgensen went to study in University of Illinois at Chicago. Jourgensen was introduced to the local underground scene by his then-girlfriend Shannon Rose Riley, and soon after joined a post-punk band Special Affect, replacing Tom Hoffman on a guitar and accompanying to vocalist Frank Nardiello (Groovie Mann of My Life With the Thrill Kill Kult), drummer Harry Rushakoff (Concrete Blonde) and bassist Marty Sorenson.[5][6][7] After that was the short-lived Silly Charmichaels, which featured Ben Krug, Tom Krug and Tom Wall (all of The Imports), and did only one show on April 30, 1981 with the local experimental band ONO as an opening act.[8][9][10][11] Soon after he performed as touring guitarist for a drag queen Divine,[12] Jourgensen made a demo tape of the song "I’m Falling", which he presented to Jim Nash, the co-founder and co-owner of the record label Wax Trax! Records.[13]

Ministry (Al Jourgensen and Stephen "Stevo" George) during the With Sympathy era

The original line-up of Ministry, assembled after suggestion by Nash, consisted of Jourgensen (vocals and occasional guitar), Stephen George (drums), Robert Roberts (keyboards), and John Davis (keyboards),[13] although with a few personnel changes, the band's image would begin to focus more on Jourgensen and Stephen George.[14][15] Ministry made their recording debut in 1981 with the single “I’m Falling / Cold Life”, first published by Wax Trax! Records in the US and later by Situation Two in the UK.[16]

Their first LP With Sympathy, was issued on Arista Records in 1983 and hit the upper 90s in the Billboard 200. The LP was well received by college radio fans and became common in many new wave album collections at the time. Songs from the LP were played live as an opening act for The Police during the Synchronicity Tour's North American leg.

Jourgensen has subsequently expressed extreme dislike for Ministry's With Sympathy-era output. He often refuses to talk about the album directly.[17] He has provided different (and sometimes conflicting) explanations for his antipathy, saying in one interview that after signing his contract with Arista, all artistic control of Ministry was "handed over" to other writers and producers.[18] In his autobiography, Jourgensen gave a different explanation, saying that he was pressured by Arista management into producing his songs in the then-popular synthpop style, as a means of making them more commercially palatable.[19] However, in the 1980s, Jourgensen said that when he discovered hardcore music, his musical direction simply changed,[20][page needed] and he reiterated this point in 2012.[17] Additionally, video of local concerts Ministry performed in Chicago 1 year or more previous to their signing with Arista show the band dressed in "new wave" styles and playing new wave and synthpop music. Jourgensen assumes a false English accent for all of the songs, for which he also later expressed great disliking,[21] though his ex-wife Patty Marsh stated in a 2013 interview "...the English accent thing was more an homage to the bands he loved than anything else. He was not trying to come off as British. The Stones used a southern accent and no one crawled up their ass for it.[22]

Some of Jourgensen's preferred recordings from the With Sympathy era were collected into the CD Early Trax (Rykodisc Records, 2004).

Twitch (1985–1986)

By the mid-1980s, Jourgensen parted ways with George and signed to Sire Records. Jourgensen performed mostly solo for Ministry's next LP, Twitch (1986), which sold well, but was still considered to be "underground". The music was danceable electronic music, but was not pop music, and the sound was harsher and more aggressive than what Ministry had recorded before. According to Jourgensen, "Twitch was stuff that I was doing before With Sympathy came out. Some of that stuff was already four or five years old, but the record company didn't want to use it, so...".[23] Much of the new sound was created with the use of digital sampling and the input of producer Adrian Sherwood.[24]

The Land of Rape and Honey (1987–1988)

After Twitch, Jourgensen made the most significant change in Ministry's history when he resumed playing electric guitar. Jourgensen also brought bass guitarist Paul Barker of the Seattle band The Blackouts into the Ministry camp; Barker would remain Jourgensen's bandmate for many years when he was the only person credited as a member of the band other than Jourgensen. With the addition of The Blackouts drummer William Rieflin, Ministry recorded The Land of Rape and Honey (1988). The album continued their success in the underground music scene. The Land of Rape and Honey made use of synthesizers, keyboards, tape loops, jackhammering drum machines, dialogue excerpted from movies, unconventional electronic processing, and, in parts, heavy distorted electric guitar and bass.

The album was supported by a tour in 1988 and the singles and music videos for "Stigmata" and "Flashback". Stigmata was also used in a key scene in Richard Stanley's 1990 film Hardware, although the band shown performing the song was Gwar.

The Mind Is a Terrible Thing to Taste (1989–1990)

The follow-up, The Mind Is a Terrible Thing to Taste was supported by a tour from 1989 to 1990. Due to the complex nature of the album's drumming, a second drummer, Martin Atkins, was used. In addition to Atkins, a ten piece touring line-up was formed, consisting of Chris Connelly (keyboards and vocals), Nivek Ogre (vocals and keyboards), Joe Kelly (vocals and backing vocals) and guitarists Mike Scaccia, Terry Roberts, and William Tucker, with Jourgensen, Barker and Rieflin serving as the group's core members. This tour was documented on In Case You Didn't Feel Like Showing Up. Two singles, "Burning Inside" (for which a video was made) and "So What" were released from the album.

Throughout the late 1980s Jourgensen and Barker expanded their ideas beyond Ministry into a seemingly endless parade of side projects and collaborations. Many of these bore Ministry's signature sound and the duo's "Hypo Luxa/Hermes Pan" production imprint. (These side-projects were also responsible for the delayed release of Ministry's next album.) Foremost of these was Ministry's alter ego, the Revolting Cocks. "RevCo", as it is often referred to, essentially became the same band as it had originally featured Belgian musicians Richard 23 (of Front 242) and Luc Van Acker. Jourgensen and Barker also formed Lard with Dead Kennedys lead singer Jello Biafra, Acid Horse with Cabaret Voltaire, 1000 Homo DJs (which featured Nine Inch Nails' Trent Reznor doing vocals on a cover of Black Sabbath's "Supernaut"), PTP with Chris Connelly and Pailhead with Ian MacKaye of Minor Threat and Fugazi.

Barker released his own material as Lead into Gold and Jourgensen produced and played electric guitar on Skinny Puppy's Rabies LP. Atkins and Rieflin also formed the band Pigface, which featured Barker on several tracks, as well. The smaller of these projects were later collected on the CD Side Trax (Rykodisc Records, 2004), and the RevCo discography was remastered and reissued.

Psalm 69 (1991–1993)

Ministry broke into the mainstream in 1991 with "Jesus Built My Hotrod" (co-authored by Gibby Haynes of the Butthole Surfers and Michael Balch of Front Line Assembly affiliation). The music video was a hit and the band scored second billing on the Lollapalooza tour. As the single had indicated, the sound of the following LP, Psalm 69: The Way to Succeed and the Way to Suck Eggs (1992), was the most metal-oriented Ministry had put to record at that point, the focal point of the sound shifting almost entirely from synths to Jourgensen's and new members Mike Scaccia's and Louis Svitek's electric guitars.

ΚΕΦΑΛΗΞΘ, which is printed on the record, is a concatenation of "κεφαλή" (Greek for "head" or "leader") and "ΞΘ" (the number 69 in Greek numerals). The title was borrowed from Aleister Crowley's work: The Book of Lies (Chapter 69, "The Way to Succeed—and the Way to Suck Eggs!"). Psalm 69 became Ministry's biggest hit, including in addition to "Jesus Built My Hotrod", the singles "N.W.O." (a protest of the Persian Gulf War and attack directed at then-President George H.W. Bush) and "Just One Fix" (a collaboration with poet/novelist William S. Burroughs). The single "N.W.O." was used in the 1992 live-action/animated movie Cool World. Later, "N.W.O." was used in Need for Speed: The Run video game.

Filth Pig (1994–1996)

In 1994, Ministry performed at the Bridge School Benefit charity concert, covering songs by Bob Dylan, Ten Years After, and The Grateful Dead, and playing a new song, "Paisley", which was intended to be on their next album. In 1995, Ministry was one of the headlining acts for Australia and New Zealand's Big Day Out touring festival. In spite of their growing success, Ministry was nearly derailed by a series of arrests and drug problems.[25] The band did not issue their next album, Filth Pig, until 1996. For Filth Pig, Ministry stripped all synthesizers and most samples from their style and made the music almost entirely with ultra-noisy guitars, heavy bass and real drums.

The songs were played mostly at slower tempos than the very fast ones that were used for the compositions on their previous three LPs, giving it an almost doom metal feel. Filth Pig was supported with the singles/videos "Reload", "The Fall", "Lay Lady Lay" (an unusual and unexpected cover of Bob Dylan's old country-tinged hit) and "Brick Windows" and with a tour in 1996 (the live performances were later anthologized on the Sphinctour album and DVD in 2002). Jourgensen has subsequently said that he was severely depressed during this period, that Filth Pig reflects this, and that he dislikes performing music from Filth Pig.[26]

Dark Side of the Spoon (1998–2000)

Ministry recorded their final studio album for Warner Bros. Records, Dark Side of the Spoon (1999), which they dedicated to William Tucker, who committed suicide earlier that year. For Dark Side of the Spoon, Ministry tried to diversify their sound by adding some melodic and synthetic touches to their usual electro-metal sound, along with some jazz influences, but the album was not well received. However, the single "Bad Blood" appeared on the soundtrack album of The Matrix and was nominated for a 2000 Grammy award.

In the summer of 2000 Ministry was invited to that year's Ozzfest. They would fill in the co-headliner position left vacant by a failed-reuniting of the original Judas Priest. Ministry was later dropped from the bill after a management changeover. They were replaced by Soulfly.

Hiatus and Animositisomina (2001–2003)

After Ministry parted ways with their longtime record label Warner Bros. Records, the label issued the collection Greatest Fits in 2001, which featured a new song, "What About Us?". Ministry would later perform the song in a cameo appearance in the Steven Spielberg film AI: Artificial Intelligence. During the years 2000-2002, disputes with Warner Bros. Records resulted in the planned albums Live Psalm 69, Sphinctour and ClittourUS on Ipecac Recordings being canceled. Sphinctour was released on Sanctuary Records.

Around 2001, Jourgensen almost lost his arm when he was bitten by a venomous spider.[27] He did have a toe amputated after accidentally stepping on a discarded hypodermic needle.[28] Around this time, by his own admission, Jourgensen was suicidal and decided to call an acquaintance he had met years earlier; the acquaintance, Angelina Luckacin, helped Jourgensen give up his massive substance habit (which included heroin and cocaine "speedballs", crack, LSD, various pharmaceuticals and as many as two full bottles of Bushmills whiskey per day).[29] Jourgensen and Barker, along with Max Brody who had joined as a saxophone player for the 1999 tour, focused on developing songs for a new record during 2001 and 2002, with the band issuing Animositisomina on Sanctuary Records in 2003. The sound was strongly heavy metal laden with voice effects, and matched the ferocity of Psalm 69 (though it featured an almost-pop cover of Magazine's "The Light Pours Out Of Me"). Animositisomina, compared to previous releases, sold poorly and singles for "Animosity" and "Piss" were canceled before they could be released.

Barker left Ministry in 2003. He stated that the trigger was his father dying while the band was wrapping up a summer tour in Europe, and also stated in early 2004 that his family life was his main focus at that particular time. Jourgensen himself and his second wife Angelina Lukacen wrote in 2013 that he fell out with Barker over the band's finances.[30] Jourgensen continued Ministry with Mike Scaccia and various other musicians.

Houses of the Molé and Rio Grande Blood (2004–2006)

A 2006 show at Mera Luna

For Ministry's next album, Jourgensen released the song "No W", a song critical of then-U.S. President George W. Bush; an alternate version of the track was placed on the multi-performer compilation Rock Against Bush, Vol. 1. The follow-up LP, Houses of the Molé (2004), contained the most explicitly political lyrics Jourgensen had yet written, with songs in Ministry's classic industrial electro-metallic sound played messier, more crudely and more freely than ever before, giving the album the most metal-oriented sound of their career. In 2006 the band released Rio Grande Blood, an LP on Jourgensen's own 13th Planet Records. With Prong's Tommy Victor and Killing Joke's Paul Raven, the album featured an even heavier thrash metal sound drawing comparison to Slayer. The single "Lieslieslies" was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance at the 49th annual Grammy Awards. It, along with another song on the album, "The Great Satan", is also available as a downloadable content song for the 2008 video game Rock Band 2. In July 2007, the band released Rio Grande Dub, an album featuring remixes from the band's 2006 Rio Grande Blood album.

The Last Sucker, Cover Up and Undercover (2007–2010)

Ministry's "final" album,[31] The Last Sucker, was released on September 18, 2007.

On June 4, 2007, Al Jourgensen filed a Tortious Interference lawsuit against Paul Barker and Spurburn Music in Los Angeles Superior Court.[32] (case #SC094122) The case was dismissed on October 24, 2008.

Paul Raven died on October 20, 2007, a month a two day after the release of The Last Sucker. He suffered an apparent heart attack shortly after arriving in Europe to commence recording for the French industrial band Treponem Pal near the Swiss border.[33][34]

Al Jourgensen remixed and co-produced Spyder Baby's "Bitter", which was released by Blind Prophecy Records in early 2008.

A song titled "Keys to the City", the theme song for the Chicago Blackhawks was released on March 5, 2008. In addition to this single, two albums of covers/remixes, Cover Up (April 1, 2008) and Undercover (December 7, 2010) were released. All of these releases are credited to Ministry and Co-Conspirators, since they feature collaborations between Al Jourgensen and other musicians.

Ministry's farewell tour, the "C-U-LaTour", started its North American leg on March 26, 2008 with Meshuggah performing as special guests and Hemlock as an opening act. They played their final North American shows in Chicago on 10 and 12 May 2008.[35][36] The final date on their farewell tour was at the Tripod in Dublin, Ireland on 18 July 2008. During the performance, Jourgensen repeatedly reaffirmed it would indeed be the last ever Ministry show. Due to a large demand for tickets, an extra gig was added at the Tripod on 19 July 2008. The band again played to a full house. Ministry's final song at this show (and ostensibly their last ever live performance) was a rendition of their cover version of "What a Wonderful World"[37] to the music of "Jesus Built My Hotrod".

Adios... Puta Madres, a live album featuring material culled from Ministry's final tour, was released in 2009 on CD and DVD.[38]

Three of the group's songs were featured in the Academy Award-winning 2009 film The Hurt Locker.

A documentary film called Fix: The Ministry Movie (original title: Fix) was planned for release sometime in 2010. However, the release date was pushed back to early 2011. The documentary premiered at the Chicago International Movies & Music Festival. Jourgensen sued the maker, Doug Freel, for failing to fulfill his part of the contract (giving Jourgensen approval over the final cut, along with "thousands of dollars").[39] The lawsuit was dropped in July 2011. On July 21, the film was screened privately at the Music Box Theater in Los Angeles.

Reunion, Relapse and death of Mike Scaccia (2011–2012)

On August 7, 2011, Ministry announced they would reform and would play at Germany's Wacken Open Air festival, set to take place August 2–4, 2012.[3] The reunion lineup featured Al Jourgensen on vocals, Mike Scaccia and Tommy Victor on guitar, Aaron Rossi on drums, John Bechdel on keyboards, and Tony Campos on bass.[40]

Jourgensen told Metal Hammer in August 2011 that Ministry was working on a new album called Relapse, which they hoped to release by Christmas. Regarding the sound of the new material, he explained, "We've only got five songs to go. I've been listening to it the last couple of weeks and I wasn't really in the mood, I was just taking it as a joke. Just to pass the time at first but [Mikey's] raving about it. It's like, dude c'mon, this is not about Bush, so… that part's over. The ulcers are gone and Bush is gone so it's time for something new. I think this is actually gonna wind up being the fastest and heaviest record I've ever done. Just because we did it as anti-therapy therapy against the country music we would just take days off and thrash faster than I've done in a long time, faster than Mikey's done in a long time. He just did a Rigor Mortis tour and said it was easy compared to this Ministry stuff so it's gonna be brutal and it's gonna freak a lot of people out."[40]

Ministry announced on their website that they entered the studio on September 1, 2011 with engineer Sammy D'Ambruoso to begin recording their new album.[3] During the third webisode featuring behind-the-scenes footage from the making of Relapse, a release date of March 3, 2012 was announced.[41]

On December 23, 2011, Ministry released "99 Percenters", the first single from Relapse, and began streaming it on their Facebook page two days later. On February 22, 2012, Ministry released a second single, "Double Tap", which was included in the April 2012 issue of the Metal Hammer magazine. On March 23, 2012, Relapse was released.[42]

On December 23, 2012, guitarist Mike Scaccia died[43] following an on-stage heart attack, while playing with his other band, Rigor Mortis.[44]

From Beer to Eternity and AmeriKKKant (2013–present)

In an interview with Noisey in March 2013, Jourgensen announced that Ministry would break up again, explaining that he did not want to carry on without Scaccia. He explained, "Mikey was my best friend in the world and there's no Ministry without him. But I know the music we recorded together during the last weeks of his life had to be released to honor him. So after his funeral, I locked myself in my studio and turned the songs we had recorded into the best and last Ministry record anyone will ever hear. I can't do it without Mikey and I don't want to. So yes, this will be Ministry's last album."[45] The album, titled From Beer to Eternity, was released on September 6, 2013. Jourgensen stated that Ministry would tour in support of From Beer to Eternity, but would not record any more albums.[46][47] In an April 2016 interview with Loudwire, however, Jourgensen mentioned the possibility of making another Ministry album "if the circumstances are right."[48]

When asked in July 2016 whether Ministry was going to release another album after From Beer to Eternity, Jourgensen stated, "When I was asked, it was after Mikey passed and the entire media immediately starts asking me what is going to happen to Ministry. He wasn't even buried yet. I thought, 'Fuck you.' I was really pissed and really angry. I said, 'Fuck Ministry and fuck you for asking.' They want to comment on Ministry when my best friend had died. It's been more than two years now, and I got more ideas and I have done albums with Mikey and have done them without him. It's time to get another record out. I have a bunch of songs written in my head. I wanted to have time to mourn before people start asking me about touring dates. It was sick. I was bombarded and email boxes were overloaded with 'what are you going to do now?' It was kind of creepy."[49]

In February 2017, Ministry began working on their fourteenth studio album,[50] titled AmeriKKKant.[51] The album, due for release in early 2018,[4] will include guest appearances from Burton C. Bell of Fear Factory, former N.W.A member Arabian Prince, DJ Swamp and Lord of the Cello.[51] During their performance at the Blackest of the Black Fest in Silverado, California in May 2017, Ministry debuted their first song in four years, "Antifa", which is expected to appear on AmeriKKKant.[52]

Genre

“Everyone puts us in this ‘We’re an industrial band’ [stuff]. I don’t know about industrial because I never worked in a construction site or an industrial site. What is industrial? ZZ Top uses drum programming and samples and stuff. Is ZZ Top industrial? I don’t think so. So I’ve never considered us an industrial band. We’re an industrious band. How about that? We’re still around after 35 years. That makes us industrious. But I don’t know about industrial.”

–Jourgensen on the use of the “industrial” tag, in a 2017 interview for Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.[53]

Although Ministry, along with their frontman, is labeled to be one of most known bands associated with industrial music,[54][55][56][57] Jourgensen disputed the use of this tag in several publications.[58][53] Over the course of their career, the band has composed and performed music which has been ascribed to a variety of genres, which includes mainly industrial metal,[59][60][61][62][63], industrial rock,[64][36][65] EBM/industrial dance,[66][67][68], and, in terms of their early years, new wave,[69] synth-pop,[15][70], dance pop,[55], electronic dance,[71] and dark wave.[56] Their sound has also been described as hard rock,[59] heavy metal,[72][73] speed metal,[74][75] thrash metal,[76] and electro-industrial.[77]

Members

Timeline

Discography

Studio albums

Tours

Notes

  1. ^ As of October-November 2017.

References

  1. ^ "Gold & Platinum - RIAA". RIAA.com. Retrieved September 27, 2017.
  2. ^ "Ministry - Chart history". Billboard.com. Retrieved November 27, 2017.
  3. ^ a b c "Ministry Is Back! 2012 Wacken Open Air Festival Appearance Confirmed". Blabbermouth.net. 7 August 2011. Archived from the original on 5 June 2012. Retrieved 7 August 2011. ((cite web)): Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ a b "MINISTRY Signs With NUCLEAR BLAST; 'AmeriKKKant' Album Due In Early 2018". Blabbermouth.net. 26 September 2017. Retrieved 26 September 2017.
  5. ^ Wolanski, Coreen (March 1, 2003). "Ministry - Nothing Exceeds Like Excess". Exclaim!. Retrieved December 4, 2017.
  6. ^ Thompson 2000, p. 497.
  7. ^ Jourgensen & Wiederhorn 2013, pp. 45–46.
  8. ^ "Interview with Ben Krug regarding the Silly Charmichaels". Prongs.org. March 18, 2006. Retrieved March 16, 2011.
  9. ^ "Silly Carmichaels – ChicagoPunk". Punkdatabase.com. Retrieved 2011-03-16.
  10. ^ Jourgensen & Wiederhorn 2013, p. 47.
  11. ^ Alamo-Costello, Chester (August 7, 2016). "ONO – An Unabridged History In Conversation". The COMP Magazine. Retrieved December 4, 2017.
  12. ^ Jourgensen & Wiederhorn 2013, pp. 47–48.
  13. ^ a b Jourgensen & Wiederhorn 2013, p. 49.
  14. ^ Greene 1993, p. 26.
  15. ^ a b Huey, Steve. "Ministry". AllMusic. All Media Network. Retrieved December 8, 2017.
  16. ^ Jourgensen & Wiederhorn 2013, pp. 50–51.
  17. ^ a b Murphy, Tom (June 12, 2012). "Ministry's Al Jourgensen on his ties to Colorado: living in Breckenridge, attending Greeley High School and his ill-fated attempt at a rodeo career". Westword. Retrieved 7 July 2017.
  18. ^ "Alain Jourgensen interview". Markprindle.com. Retrieved 2011-03-16.
  19. ^ Jourgensen & Wiederhorn 2013, p. 52.
  20. ^ Azerrad 2002.
  21. ^ Jourgensen & Wiederhorn 2013, pp. 49–50.
  22. ^ "Session with Patty Jourgensen". Prongs.org. 2013. Retrieved 2 September 2015.
  23. ^ "Mark Prindle interview: Alain Jourgensen (2004)". Markprindle.com. Retrieved 2011-03-16.
  24. ^ Jourgensen & Wiederhorn 2013, p. 64.
  25. ^ Jourgensen & Wiederhorn 2013, pp. 164–165.
  26. ^ Jourgensen & Wiederhorn 2013, pp. 60, 164.
  27. ^ "Ministry - Jourgensen's Heroin Wake-Up Call - Contactmusic News". Contactmusic.com. Retrieved 2011-03-16. Also cited in: Jourgensen 2013, pp. 193–194((cite web)): CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  28. ^ Jourgensen & Wiederhorn 2013, pp. 185–186
  29. ^ Jourgensen & Wiederhorn 2013, pp. XXIV, 59–61, 196, 199–207.
  30. ^ Jourgensen & Wiederhorn 2013, pp. 213–215.
  31. ^ Gary Graff (May 26, 2006). "Ministry Plots Final Disc". Billboard. Retrieved 2007-02-24.
  32. ^ "Los Angeles Superior Court - Civil Case Summary". Lasuperiorcourt.org. Archived from the original on 2011-04-15. Retrieved 2011-03-16. ((cite web)): Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  33. ^ "Paul Raven - Bass player with Killing Joke, Ministry, Prong Dies in Geneva Aged 46 (Jan 16th 1961)". Side-line.com. Retrieved 2011-03-16.
  34. ^ Jourgensen & Wiederhorn 2013, p. 251.
  35. ^ Ryan, Kyle (13 May 2008). "The Overdue Demise of Ministry". A.V Club. Retrieved 29 November 2017. ((cite web)): Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  36. ^ a b Gendron, Bob (May 10, 2008). "Ministry farewell tour is the wrong goodbye". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved November 2, 2017. Ministry should have saved itself the embarrassment Thursday at a sold-out House of Blues, where the industrial-rock band opened a four-night stand closing out its domestic farewell tour.
  37. ^ [ [TRANSLATED] Ministry - Wonderful World part 2 - Dublin 19.07.2008]
  38. ^ "Al Jourgensen: Sex-O Olympic-O". SuicideGirls.com. 12 March 2009. Retrieved 2009-03-12.
  39. ^ McIntyre, Gina (2011-04-20). "Ministry frontman Al Jourgensen sues makers of behind-the-scenes documentary 'Fix'". Latimesblogs.latimes.com. Retrieved 2011-07-01.
  40. ^ a b "Al Jourgensen: Why I Decided To Bring Back Ministry". Blabbermouth.net. 18 August 2011. Retrieved 18 August 2011.[permanent dead link]
  41. ^ "Ministry: The Making Of 'Relapse' Webisode 3". Blabbermouth.net. Archived from the original on 17 November 2011. Retrieved 19 November 2011. ((cite web)): Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  42. ^ Steffen Hung. "Ministry - Relapse". austriancharts.at. Retrieved 2012-12-18.
  43. ^ Prato, Greg (December 23, 2012). "Ministry Guitarist Mike Scaccia Dies After Onstage Collapse". Rolling Stone. Retrieved December 23, 2012.
  44. ^ "MIKE SCACCIA: Official Cause Of Death Revealed; Benefit Concert Planned". Blabbermouth.net. December 24, 2012. Retrieved December 26, 2012.
  45. ^ "Al Jourgensen Announces the End of Ministry". Ultimate Guitar.
  46. ^ "Al Jourgensen says Ministry will tour behind 'From Beer to Eternity'". Metal Insider.
  47. ^ "Ministry To Tour In Support Of "From Beer To Eternity" With Full Album Performances". theprp.com.
  48. ^ "Al Jourgensen Talks Surgical Meth Machine, Hating Facebook + New Ministry Album Possibility". Loudwire.com. 14 April 2016. Retrieved 14 April 2016.
  49. ^ "Al Jourgensen Planning New Ministry Album, Slams Republicans & Trump Supporters". theprp.com. 13 July 2016. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
  50. ^ "Al Jourgensen Planning New Ministry Album, Slams Republicans & Trump Supporters". theprp.com. 22 February 2017. Retrieved 31 May 2017.
  51. ^ a b "Ministry Tap Fear Factory, Ex-N.W.A., Etc. Members For New Album "AmeriKKKant"". theprp.com. 29 May 2017. Retrieved 31 May 2017.
  52. ^ "Watch Ministry Debut New Track "Antifa" Live". theprp.com. 29 May 2017. Retrieved 31 May 2017.
  53. ^ a b Mervis, Scott (October 18, 2017). "Al Jourgensen talks about new Ministry album, the 'industrial' tag and that wild Lollapalooza of '92". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved December 2, 2017.
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  55. ^ a b Knowles 2010, p. 236.
  56. ^ a b Distefano, Alex (August 28, 2014). "The 10 Best Industrial Bands". OC Weekly. Retrieved December 2, 2017. ((cite web)): Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  57. ^ Brooks 2017, p. 47.
  58. ^ Herzog, Kerry (July 31, 2013). "Al Jourgensen Bids Adieu to Ministry, Not to Speaking His Mind". Spin. Retrieved December 2, 2017.
  59. ^ a b Ferman, Dave (June 27, 2001). "Metal Band Ministry Rocks For A.i.'s Robots". Sun-Sentinel. Retrieved December 2, 2017. ((cite news)): Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  60. ^ McIntyre, Gina (April 20, 2011). "Ministry frontman Al Jourgensen sues makers of behind-the-scenes documentary 'Fix'". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved November 28, 2017.
  61. ^ Cam Lindsay (July 17, 2017). "With 'Psalm 69,' Ministry Set the Bar for Depravity". Noisey Vice. Retrieved November 28, 2017.
  62. ^ "Ministry Performs New Song 'Antifa' At 'Blackest Of The Black' Festival (Video)". Blabbermouth. May 29, 2017. Retrieved July 17, 2017. Industrial metal veterans MINISTRY debuted a new song called "Antifa" during their May 27 appearance at this year's edition of the "Blackest Of The Black" festival, which took place May 26-27 at Oak Canyon Park in Silverado, California.
  63. ^ "Kultni industrial metal band Ministry u Zagrebu". HRT Magazin (in Croatian). Croatian Radiotelevision. June 5, 2017. Retrieved September 19, 2017.
  64. ^ Deming, Mark. "Ministry: Sphinctour (1996) – Overview". AllMovie. All Media Network. Retrieved October 10, 2017. In 1996, after the release of their album Filth Pig, pioneering industrial rock troublemakers Ministry set out on a worldwide tour, leaving dazzled and dazed audiences in the wake of their brutal live shows. ((cite web)): Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  65. ^ Бухарин, Андрей (December 19, 2007). Ministry «The Last Sucker» [Ministry: The Last Sucker]. Rolling Stone Russia (in Russian). No. 40 (published October 2007). pp. 85–86. Retrieved October 10, 2017. ((cite magazine)): Invalid |script-title=: missing prefix (help)
  66. ^ DeRogatis 2003, p. 95: "Big Black's relentless noise guitars, jackhammer rhythms and lyrical tales of America's underbelly continue to inspire cutting-edge bands such as Helmet, Tar and, the Jesus Lizard", as well as industrial dance groups such as Nine Inch Nails and Ministry."
  67. ^
    • Reynolds 2005, p. 523: "The spirit of futurism that drove postpunk and New Pop seemed to have almost completely departed from the alternative scene of mideighties. You could see traces of its modernist ambitions here and there: in the second- and third-wave industrial music a.k.a. Euro Body Music (Front 242, Skinny Puppy, Ministry, and, a little later, Nine Inch Nails), or the more studio-savvy post-Goth musis on labels such as 4AD (Cocteau Twins, Dead Can Dance).";
    • Reynolds 2006, p. 395: "The spirit of futurism that drove postpunk and New Pop seemed to have almost completely departed from the alternative scene of mideighties. One could see traces of its modernist ambitions here and there in the second- and third wave industrial music aka Electronic Body Music (Front 242, Skinny Puppy, Ministry, and eventually Nine Inch Nails) or more studio-savvy post-Goth musis on labels such as 4AD (Cocteau Twins, Dead Can Dance)."
  68. ^ Miller 2014, p. 82.
  69. ^ Moon 2008, p. 505.
  70. ^ Brooks 2017, p. 48.
  71. ^ Greg Prato. "Al Jourgensen – Biography". AllMusic. All Media Network. Retrieved December 2, 2017.
  72. ^ Filene 2000, p. 231.
  73. ^ Henderson 2014, p. 720.
  74. ^ Tolleson, Robin; Nunziata, Susan (August 1, 1992). "Artists in Concert". Artists & Music. Billboard Magazine. Vol. 104, no. 31. p. 13. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved September 29, 2017.
  75. ^ MacIntosh, Dan (February 18, 2012). "Al Jourgensen of Ministry : Songwriter Interviews". Songfacts. Retrieved December 2, 2017. ((cite web)): Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  76. ^ MacDonald, Trystan (September 9, 2013). "Ministry - From Beer to Eternity". Exclaim!. Retrieved April 12, 2015.
  77. ^ Elferen 2012, p. 164.
  78. ^ Campos, Tony (October 13, 2017). "'Did I mention, I'm playing in Ministry again?'". Facebook. Retrieved November 18, 2017.
  79. ^ https://www.facebook.com/Ministry
  80. ^ "Death Grips & Ministry Co-Headline US Tour 2017". thirdworlds.net. Retrieved 2017-08-20.

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