Extinct subfamily of reptiles
Metriorhynchinae is a subfamily of metriorhynchid crocodyliforms from the late Middle Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous (Callovian - Valanginian ) of Europe , North America and South America .[ 1] [ 2] Named by Fitzinger , in 1843, it contains the metriorhynchids Maledictosuchus , Gracilineustes , Metriorhynchus , Cricosaurus and Rhacheosaurus . The last three taxa form a tribe within Metriorhynchinae, the Rhacheosaurini . Metriorhynchinae is one of two subfamilies of Metriorhynchidae, the other being Geosaurinae .[ 3]
Metriorhynchinae is a stem-based taxon defined in 2009 as the most inclusive clade consisting of Metriorhynchus geoffroyii , but not Geosaurus giganteus .[ 4] Rhacheosaurini is a stem-based taxon and it was named and defined by Mark T. Young, Mark A. Bell and Stephen L. Brusatte in 2011 as the most inclusive clade including Rhacheosaurus gracilis , but not Metriorhynchus geoffroyii and Gracilineustes leedsi .[ 3] The cladogram below follows the topology from the analyses by Young, et al. 2020.[ 5] [ 6]
^ Andrea Cau; Federico Fanti (2011). "The oldest known metriorhynchid crocodylian from the Middle Jurassic of North-eastern Italy: Neptunidraco ammoniticus gen. et sp. nov". Gondwana Research . 19 (2): 550–565. Bibcode :2011GondR..19..550C . doi :10.1016/j.gr.2010.07.007 .
^ Mark T. Young; Stephen L. Brusatte; Marcello Ruta; Marco Brandalise de Andrade (2010). "The evolution of Metriorhynchoidea (Mesoeucrocodylia, Thalattosuchia): an integrated approach using geometrics morphometrics, analysis of disparity and biomechanics" . Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society . 158 (4): 801–859. doi :10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00571.x .
^ a b Mark T. Young; Mark A. Bell; Stephen L. Brusatte (2011). "Craniofacial form and function in Metriorhynchidae (Crocodylomorpha: Thalattosuchia): modelling phenotypic evolution with maximum-likelihood methods" . Biology Letters . 7 (6): 913–916. doi :10.1098/rsbl.2011.0357 . PMC 3210659 . PMID 21543396 .
^ Mark T. Young; Marco Brandalise de Andrade (2009). "What is Geosaurus ? Redescription of Geosaurus giganteus (Thalattosuchia: Metriorhynchidae) from the Upper Jurassic of Bayern, Germany" . Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society . 157 (3): 551–585. doi :10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00536.x .
^ Young MT, Sachs S, Abel P, Foffa D, Herrera Y, Kitson JJ (2020). "Convergent evolution and possible constraint in the posterodorsal retraction of the external nares in pelagic crocodylomorphs" . Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society . 189 (2): 494–520. doi :10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa021 . hdl :11336/137182 .
^ Young, M.T., Brignon, A., Sachs, S., Hornung J.J., Foffa, D., Kitson, J.J.N., Johnson, M.M., and Steel, L. 2020. Cutting the Gordian knot: a historical and taxonomic revision of the Jurassic crocodylomorph Metriorhynchus . Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society , zlaa092. https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa092 .