Below is a partial list of selected villages and towns (shtetls ) depopulated of Jews during the Holocaust . The liquidation actions were carried out mostly by the Nazi Einsatzgruppen and Order Police battalions as well as auxiliary police through mass killings . The German "pacification " units of the Einsatzkommando were paramilitary forces within the Schutzstaffel , under the high command of the Obergruppenführer . The Einsatzgruppen operated primarily in the years 1941–45.
The towns and villages are listed by country, as follows:
This section needs expansion. You can help by
adding to it . (September 2023)
The following Jewish communities in Hungary were either partially or completely destroyed during the Holocaust.[1] [2]
Jewish communities in the following Latvian cities, towns and villages were destroyed during the Holocaust:[3]
The following Jewish communities in Lithuania were destroyed during the Holocaust. Note that the list includes places in modern, post-1991 Lithuania, some of which were in German-occupied Poland during the war .[4] [5] [6] [7]
Adutiškis (Haydutsetshik)
Akmenė (Akmyan)
Alanta (Avante, Alunte)
Aleksotas (Aleksot)
Alsėdžiai (Alsad)
Alytus (Alíte)
Antalieptė (Antalept)
Anykščiai (Aniksht, Aniks)
Ariogala (Ragole, Eyragole)
Aukštadvaris (Visokedvor)
Ąžuolų Būda (Bude)
Babtai (Bobt)
Bagaslaviškis (Bogoslavishok)
Baisogala (Beysegole)
Balbieriškis (Balbireshok)
Balninkai (Bolnik)
Batakiai (Batok)
Bazilionys (Bazilyan, Padubysys)
Betygala (Betigole)
Bezdonys (Bezdan)
Birštonas (Birshtan)
Biržai (Birzh)
Butrimonys (Butrimants)
Čekiškė (Tsaykishok)
Čekoniškės (Tsekhanovik)
Darbėnai (Drobyan)
Darsūniškis (Darshunishok)
Daugai (Doyg)
Daugailiai (Dagel)
Debeikiai (Dabeyk)
Dieveniškės (Divenishok)
Dotnuva (Datneve)
Druskininkai (Drusgenik)
Dubingiai (Dubinik)
Dūkštas (Duksht)
Dusetos (Dusat)
Eišiškės (Eyshishok)
Eržvilkas (Erzvilik)
Gargždai (Gorzd)
Garliava (Gudleve, Garleve)
Gaurė (Gavre)
Gaveikėnai (Gaviken)
Gelvonai (Gelvan)
Giedraičiai (Gedrevits)
Girkalnis (Girtegole)
Grinkiškis (Grinkishok)
Griškabūdis (Grishkabud)
Gruzdžiai (Gruzd)
Gudeliai (Gudel)
Ignalina (Ignaline)
Inturkė (Inturik)
Jašiūnai (Yasun)
Jieznas (Yezne)
Jonava (Yaneve)
Joniškėlis (Yonishkel)
Joniškis (Yanishok)
Josvainiai (Yasven)
Jurbarkas (Yurberik, Yurburg)
Kaišiadorys (Koshedar)
Kaltanėnai (Koltnyan), near Tauragė
Kaltinėnai (Koltnyan), near Švenčionys
Kalvarija (Kalvarye)
Kamajai (Kamay)
Kapčiamiestis (Koptsheve)
Karklėnai (Karklan)
Kaunas (Kovne)
Kavarskas (Kovarsk)
Kazlų Rūda (Kazloverude)
Kėdainiai (Keydan)
Kelmė (Kelm)
Kiduliai (Kidl)
Klaipėda (Meml)
Klykoliai (Klikol)
Krakės (Krok)
Kražiai (Krozh)
Krekenava (Krakinove)
Kretinga (Kretinge)
Kriukai (Kruk), in Šiauliai region
Kriūkai (Kruk) in Šakiai region
Kruonis (Kron)
Kudirkos Naumiestis (Nayshtot, Nayshtot-Shaki, Nayshtot-Shirvint, Vladivaslov, Dubilaytsh)
Kuktiškės (Kuktishok)
Kuliai (Kul)
Kupiškis (Kupeshok, Slavyansk)
Kurkliai (Kurkl)
Kuršėnai (Kurshan)
Kurtuvėnai (Kurtevyan)
Kvėdarna (Khveydan, Konstantinove)
Kvetkai (Kvetke)
Kybartai (Kibart)
Labanoras (Labonar)
Laižuva (Layzeve)
Latava (Lotove)
Laukuva (Loykeve)
Lazdijai (Lazdey)
Leckava (Latskeve)
Leipalingis (Leypun)
Lentvaris (Landverove)
Linkmenys (Ligmyan)
Linkuva (Linkeve)
Liškiava (Lishkeve)
Liubavas (Lubave)
Liudvinavas (Ludvinove; Trob)
Luokė (Luknik)
Lyduvėnai (Lidevyan)
Lygumai (Ligum, Ligem)
Maišiagala (Meysegole)
Marcinkonys (Martsinkants)
Marijampolė (Marnpol, Maryampol)
Mažeikiai (Mazheyk)
Merkinė (Meritsh)
Mielagėnai (Malagan)
Miroslavas (Mireslav)
Molėtai (Malat)
Mosėdis (Masyad)
Musninkai (Musnik)
Naujamiestis (Nayshtot-Ponevezh)
Naujasis Daugėliškis [lt ] (Dogalishok)
Nemakščiai (Namoksht)
Nemenčinė (Nementshin)
Nemunaitis (Nemunayts)
Nemunėlio Radviliškis (Nay-Radvilishok)
Nevarėnai (Naveran)
Obeliai (Abel)
Onuškis (Hanusishok), in the Trakai region
Onuškis (Rokiškis) [lt ] (Anishok), in the Rokiškis region
Paberžė (Podbereze)
Pabradė (Podbrodzh)
Pagiriai (Pagir)
Pajūris (Payure)
Pakruojis (Pokroy)
Pakuonis (Pakon)
Palanga (Palange)
Palūšė (Palush)
Pamūšis (Pamushe)
Pandėlys (Ponedel)
Panemunė (Panemune)
Panemunėlis (Panemunik)
Panevėžys (Ponevezh)
Papilė (Popilan)
Pasvalys (Posvol)
Pašvitinys (Poshvetin)
Pikeliai (Pikeln)
Pilviškiai (Pilvishok)
Plateliai (Plotl)
Plungė (Plungyan)
Pociūnėliai (Patsinel)
Prienai (Pren)
Pumpėnai (Pumpyan)
Punia (Pun)
Pušalotas (Pushalat)
Radviliškis (Radvilishok)
Raguva (Rogeve)
Ramygala (Remigole)
Raseiniai (Raseyn)
Ratnica (Ratnitse)
Rietavas (Riteve)
Rokiškis (Rakeshok)
Rozalimas (Rozalye)
Rudamina (Rudamin)
Rūdiškės (Rudishok)
Rumšiškės (Rumshishok)
Šakiai (Shaki)
Salakas (Salok)
Salantai (Salant)
Šalčininkai (Soletshnik)
Saldutiškis (Saldutishok)
Šalkenė (Shalkene)
Saločiai (Salat)
Šaukėnai (Shukyan)
Šaukotas (Shakot)
Seda (Syad)
Šeduva (Shadeve)
Seirijai (Serey)
Semeliškės (Semilishok)
Seredžius (Srednik)
Šešuoliai (Sheshvil)
Šėta (Shat)
Šiaudinė (Shodine)
Šiaulėnai (Shavlan)
Šiauliai (Shavl)
Siesikai (Sheshik)
Šilalė (Shilel)
Šilutė (Heydikrug)
Šiluva (Shidleve)
Šimkaičiai (Shimkaytsh)
Simnas (Simne)
Šimonys (Shimants)
Širvintos (Shirvint)
Skapiškis (Skopishok)
Skaudvilė (Shkudvil)
Skiemonys (Shkumyan)
Skuodas (Shkud)
Smilgiai (Smilg)
Stajotiškės (Stayatseshik)
Stakliškės (Stoklishok)
Subačius (Subotsh)
Sudargas (Sudarg)
Surviliškis (Survilishok)
Suvainiškis (Suvinishok)
Svėdasai (Shvadotsh)
Švėkšna (Shvekshin)
Švenčionėliai (Svintsyanke, Nay-Svintsyan)
Švenčionys (Svintsyan)
Taujėnai (Tavyan)
Tauragė (Tavrik)
Tauragnai (Toragin)
Telšiai (Telz)
Tirkšliai (Tirkshle)
Trakai (Trok)
Troškūnai (Trashkun)
Tryškiai (Trishik)
Turgeliai (Turgele)
Turmantas (Turmont)
Tverai (Tver)
Tytuvėnai (Tsitevyan)
Ukmerge (Vilkomir)
Upyna (Upine)
Utena (Utyan)
Užpaliai (Ushpol)
Užventis (Uzvent)
Vabalninkas (Abolnik, Vabolnik)
Vaiguva (Vaygeve)
Vainutas (Vaynute)
Valkininkai (Olkenik)
Vandžiogala (Vendzigole)
Varėna (Aran)
Varniai (Vorne)
Vaškai (Vashki, Konstantinove)
Vegeriai (Veger)
Veisiejai (Vishey)
Veiveriai (Veyver)
Veiviržėnai (Varzhan)
Veliuona (Vilon)
Vidiškis (Vidishok)
Viduklė (Vidukele)
Viekšniai (Vekshne)
Viešintos (Vishinte)
Vievis (Vevye)
Vilkaviškis (Vilkovishik)
Vilkija (Vilki)
Vilnius (Vilne)
Virbalis (Virbaln)
Višakio Rūda (Visokerude)
Vištytis (Vishtenits)
Vyžuonos (Vizhun)
Ylakiai (Yelok)
Žagarė (Zager)
Zapyškis (Sapizishok, Panemune)
Zarasai (Nay-Aleksander, Senderke, Ezherene)
Žarėnai (Zharan)
Žasliai (Zosle)
Žeimelis (Zemlin)
Žeimiai (Zeym)
Želva (Zelve, Podzelve)
Žemaičių Naumiestis (Nayshtot-Tavrik, Sugind)
Židikai (Zhidik)
Žiežmariai (Zezmer)
This section needs expansion. You can help by
adding to it . (February 2021)
^ Braham, Randolph L., ed. (2013). The Geographical Encyclopedia of the Holocaust in Hungary . Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press. ISBN 978-0810129160 .
^ Lavi, Theodore, ed. (1976). פנקס הקהילות - הונגריה: אנציקלופדיה של היישובים היהודיים למן היווסדם ועד לאחר שואת מלחמת העולם השנייה [Communities Notebook - Hungary: Encyclopedia of the communities from their founding until after the Holocaust during the Second World War ] (in Hebrew). Yad Vashem. pp. 125–534.
^ "Holocaust Memorial Places in Latvia" . Riga, Latvia: Center for Judaic Studies at the University of Latvia. 2020. Retrieved 2020-04-26 .
^ Katz, Dovid , ed. (2012). "Map of the Jewish Communities of Lithuania: Links to their Holocaust Fate" . Retrieved 5 June 2013 .
^ "Holocaust Atlas of Lithuania" . Vilnius, Lithuania: Vilna Gaon State Jewish Museum. 2010. Retrieved 5 June 2013 .
^ "International Jewish Cemetery Project: Lithuania" . International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies. Retrieved 5 June 2013 .
^ Levin, Dov; Rosin, Joseph, eds. (1996). Lithuania: Encyclopedia of the Jewish Communities from their Establishment until after the Shoah of the Second World War . Jerusalem, Israel: Yad Vashem.
Mokotoff, Gary ; Amdur Sack, Sallyann (1991). Where Once We Walked: A Guide to the Jewish Communities Destroyed in the Holocaust (1st ed.). Teaneck, N.J.: Avotaynu. ISBN 0-9626373-1-9 . OCLC 23652677 .
Mokotoff, Gary ; Amdur Sack, Sallyann (2002). Where Once We Walked: A Guide to the Jewish Communities Destroyed in the Holocaust . Alexander Sharon (2nd, revised ed.). Bergenfield, N.J.: Avotaynu. ISBN 1-886223-15-7 . OCLC 488653492 .
Yad Vashem (1965). Blackbook of localities whose Jewish population was exterminated by the Nazis . Jerusalem, Israel: Yad Vashem. OCLC 48650158 .
Margulis, Ted (2012). "Ukrainian Cities and Shtetls" . Jewish Web Index. Archived from the original on 2014-03-03.
Margulis, Ted (2012). "Romania, Bukovina and Moldova" . Jewish Web Index.
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