This is a list of countries ranked by ethnic and cultural diversity level, as per Fearon's analysis.
The lists are commonly used in economics literature to compare the levels of ethnic, cultural, linguistic and religious fractionalization in different countries.[1][2]
Fractionalization is the probability that two individuals drawn randomly from the country's groups are not from the same group (ethnic, religious, or whatever the criterion is). In Fearon's analysis, only groups containing over one percent of the country's population were considered. This limit made Papua New Guinea an outlier; as none of its thousands of groups included more than one percent of the population, it was considered to have zero groups and thus have a perfect fractionalization score of 1.
The two lists have been described by Alesina and Ferrara as follows:[1]
In the Fearon list, ethnic fractionalization is approximated by a measure of similarity between languages, varying from 1 = the population speaks two or more unrelated languages to 0 = the entire population speaks the same language.[3] This index of cultural diversity is biased towards linguistic variations as opposed to genetic diversity and other variations.
Country | Ethnic fractionalization |
Linguistic fractionalization |
Religious fractionalization |
---|---|---|---|
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0.769300 | 0.614100 | 0.271700 |
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0.220400 | 0.039900 | 0.471900 |
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0.339400 | 0.442700 | 0.009100 |
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0.000000 | 0.173300 | 0.639500 |
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0.713900 | 0.684800 | 0.232600 |
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0.786700 | 0.787000 | 0.627600 |
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0.164300 | 0.106300 | 0.684000 |
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0.255000 | 0.061800 | 0.223600 |
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0.127200 | 0.129100 | 0.457600 |
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0.000000 | 0.388900 | 0.410700 |
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0.092900 | 0.334900 | 0.821100 |
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0.106800 | 0.152200 | 0.414600 |
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0.204700 | 0.205400 | 0.489900 |
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0.422800 | 0.185500 | 0.681500 |
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0.502100 | 0.434400 | 0.552800 |
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0.045400 | 0.092500 | 0.209000 |
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0.142300 | 0.092600 | 0.693400 |
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0.322200 | 0.466600 | 0.611600 |
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0.555400 | 0.540900 | 0.212700 |
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0.701500 | 0.630300 | 0.581300 |
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0.787200 | 0.790500 | 0.554400 |
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0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0.711200 |
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0.605000 | 0.605600 | 0.378700 |
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0.739600 | 0.224000 | 0.208500 |
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0.630000 | 0.675100 | 0.685100 |
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0.410200 | 0.411000 | 0.598600 |
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0.540800 | 0.046800 | 0.605400 |
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0.541600 | 0.343800 | 0.440400 |
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0.402100 | 0.303100 | 0.596500 |
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0.737700 | 0.722800 | 0.579800 |
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0.295100 | 0.297700 | 0.515800 |
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0.210500 | 0.210400 | 0.096500 |
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0.863500 | 0.889800 | 0.733800 |
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0.712400 | 0.577200 | 0.695800 |
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0.417400 | 0.000000 | 0.076600 |
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0.829500 | 0.833400 | 0.791600 |
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0.862000 | 0.863500 | 0.641100 |
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0.186100 | 0.187100 | 0.384100 |
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0.153800 | 0.132700 | 0.664300 |
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0.601400 | 0.019300 | 0.147800 |
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0.000000 | 0.010300 | 0.013700 |
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0.874700 | 0.870500 | 0.702100 |
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0.874700 | 0.687100 | 0.664200 |
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0.236800 | 0.048900 | 0.241000 |
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0.820400 | 0.784200 | 0.755100 |
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0.369000 | 0.076300 | 0.444700 |
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0.590800 | 0.000000 | 0.505900 |
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0.093900 | 0.396200 | 0.396200 |
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0.322200 | 0.323300 | 0.659100 |
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0.081900 | 0.104900 | 0.233300 |
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0.796200 | 0.655800 | 0.043500 |
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0.200300 | 0.000000 | 0.462800 |
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0.429400 | 0.039500 | 0.311800 |
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0.000000 | 0.526100 | 0.425400 |
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0.655000 | 0.130800 | 0.141700 |
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0.183600 | 0.023700 | 0.197900 |
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0.197800 | 0.000000 | 0.355900 |
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0.346700 | 0.322000 | 0.119500 |
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0.652400 | 0.653000 | 0.425300 |
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0.506200 | 0.494400 | 0.498500 |
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0.723500 | 0.807300 | 0.624900 |
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0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0.314700 |
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0.547900 | 0.547900 | 0.568200 |
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0.131500 | 0.141200 | 0.253100 |
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0.103200 | 0.122100 | 0.402900 |
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0.000000 | 0.115400 | 0.495900 |
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0.000000 | 0.607800 | 0.581300 |
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0.769000 | 0.782100 | 0.667400 |
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0.786400 | 0.807600 | 0.097000 |
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0.000000 | 0.010400 | 0.034200 |
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0.492300 | 0.474900 | 0.654300 |
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0.168200 | 0.164200 | 0.657100 |
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0.673300 | 0.673100 | 0.798700 |
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0.157600 | 0.030000 | 0.153000 |
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0.000000 | 0.218800 | 0.459200 |
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0.266100 | 0.000000 | 0.589800 |
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0.000000 | 0.093300 | 0.306900 |
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0.000000 | 0.732000 | 0.408200 |
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0.512200 | 0.458600 | 0.375300 |
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0.738900 | 0.772500 | 0.264900 |
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0.808200 | 0.814100 | 0.612800 |
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0.619500 | 0.068800 | 0.787600 |
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0.095000 | 0.000000 | 0.470400 |
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0.186700 | 0.055300 | 0.235700 |
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0.062000 | 0.212800 | 0.419100 |
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0.152200 | 0.029700 | 0.524400 |
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0.079800 | 0.082000 | 0.191300 |
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0.418200 | 0.806900 | 0.326000 |
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0.735100 | 0.768000 | 0.234000 |
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0.668400 | 0.746200 | 0.115200 |
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0.368900 | 0.369400 | 0.484400 |
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0.120600 | 0.031200 | 0.155000 |
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0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0.472900 |
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0.343600 | 0.552500 | 0.346900 |
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0.114500 | 0.114700 | 0.302700 |
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0.412900 | 0.109800 | 0.616000 |
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0.011900 | 0.017800 | 0.540600 |
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0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0.547900 |
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0.592600 | 0.039600 | 0.065900 |
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0.617100 | 0.662100 | 0.589800 |
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0.858800 | 0.886000 | 0.776500 |
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0.051100 | 0.023700 | 0.554100 |
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0.002000 | 0.002100 | 0.660400 |
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0.039200 | 0.002800 | 0.489100 |
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0.675200 | 0.594900 | 0.447000 |
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0.660400 | 0.344400 | 0.674500 |
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0.513900 | 0.638200 | 0.545300 |
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0.586700 | 0.579500 | 0.555600 |
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0.131400 | 0.131200 | 0.788600 |
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0.255000 | 0.254300 | 0.721100 |
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0.908400 | 0.903800 | 0.488300 |
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0.792000 | 0.075800 | 0.057000 |
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0.572600 | 0.224600 | 0.334300 |
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0.322300 | 0.321900 | 0.414100 |
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0.530200 | 0.644000 | 0.091100 |
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0.000000 | 0.251900 | 0.551100 |
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0.502300 | 0.502100 | 0.589900 |
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0.879100 | 0.020400 | 0.519100 |
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0.674400 | 0.602300 | 0.819200 |
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0.588000 | 0.597000 | 0.665700 |
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0.690600 | 0.838800 | 0.182000 |
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0.041400 | 0.090700 | 0.122300 |
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0.060300 | 0.073400 | 0.520700 |
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0.000000 | 0.000000 | 0.233600 |
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0.615000 | 0.326000 | 0.014900 |
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0.463400 | 0.454700 | 0.638500 |
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0.000000 | 0.721200 | 0.062000 |
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0.541800 | 0.151100 | 0.179600 |
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0.700500 | 0.748300 | 0.646900 |
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0.553500 | 0.553300 | 0.560300 |
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0.683800 | 0.730500 | 0.304700 |
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0.368200 | 0.373400 | 0.079900 |
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0.484100 | 0.468300 | 0.003500 |
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0.693200 | 0.812500 | 0.675900 |
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0.506200 | 0.507200 | 0.197400 |
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0.632900 | 0.700500 | 0.662600 |
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0.583200 | 0.616100 | 0.619400 |
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0.663200 | 0.716700 | 0.141700 |
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0.000000 | 0.250800 | 0.386600 |
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0.105400 | 0.514300 | 0.722200 |
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0.000000 | 0.663300 | 0.546200 |
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0.396900 | 0.165700 | 0.811000 |
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0.484400 | 0.047300 | 0.429000 |
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0.651800 | 0.651900 | 0.201300 |
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0.850500 | 0.831600 | 0.742100 |
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0.000000 | 0.775400 | 0.481100 |
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0.058600 | 0.067300 | 0.204800 |
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0.437300 | 0.356700 | 0.432200 |
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0.709800 | 0.719000 | 0.384800 |
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0.431200 | 0.315700 | 0.714700 |
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0.552800 | 0.387300 | 0.333800 |
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0.271800 | 0.352600 | 0.552300 |
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0.168900 | 0.597500 | 0.212300 |
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0.656600 | 0.335800 | 0.198800 |
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0.238500 | 0.836000 | 0.305600 |
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0.118300 | 0.046800 | 0.171200 |
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0.046800 | 0.019800 | 0.143800 |
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0.000000 | 0.035200 | 0.495200 |
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0.745600 | 0.480000 | 0.095000 |
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0.000000 | 0.157800 | 0.195200 |
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0.306900 | 0.172300 | 0.237300 |
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0.245200 | 0.248500 | 0.439800 |
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0.323800 | 0.000000 | 0.506600 |
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0.176900 | 0.316900 | 0.332000 |
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0.306600 | 0.017500 | 0.702800 |
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0.137600 | 0.011100 | 0.787100 |
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0.292700 | 0.000000 | 0.197500 |
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0.000000 | 0.232200 | 0.186600 |
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0.180000 | 0.094900 | 0.127000 |
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0.693900 | 0.708100 | 0.149700 |
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0.573600 | - | - |
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0.202500 | 0.160600 | 0.232300 |
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0.819100 | 0.763400 | 0.539500 |
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0.385700 | 0.383500 | 0.656100 |
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0.253900 | 0.255100 | 0.565500 |
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0.221600 | 0.220100 | 0.286800 |
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0.111000 | 0.525400 | 0.670800 |
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0.811700 | 0.032600 | 0.002800 |
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0.751700 | 0.865200 | 0.860300 |
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0.416500 | 0.413200 | 0.451400 |
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0.415000 | 0.464500 | 0.485300 |
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0.184200 | - | 0.661400 |
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0.714700 | 0.719000 | 0.430700 |
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0.733200 | 0.331000 | 0.791000 |
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0.058200 | 0.172200 | 0.444400 |
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0.060000 | 0.196800 | 0.234200 |
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0.531400 | 0.544100 | 0.608300 |
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0.539900 | 0.181700 | 0.431000 |
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0.274400 | 0.502800 | 0.684500 |
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0.510700 | 0.547300 | 0.338600 |
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0.735300 | 0.898300 | 0.633400 |
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0.633800 | 0.634400 | 0.099400 |
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0.709900 | 0.898000 | 0.659600 |
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0.086900 | 0.378200 | 0.621400 |
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0.647500 | 0.125100 | 0.793600 |
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0.039400 | 0.012400 | 0.010400 |
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0.320000 | 0.221600 | 0.004900 |
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0.391800 | 0.398400 | 0.232700 |
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0.162900 | 0.137200 | 0.252400 |
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0.930200 | 0.922700 | 0.633200 |
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0.473700 | 0.474100 | 0.615700 |
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0.625200 | 0.487400 | 0.331000 |
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0.121100 | 0.053200 | 0.694400 |
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0.490100 | 0.564700 | 0.824100 |
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0.250400 | 0.081700 | 0.354800 |
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0.412500 | 0.412000 | 0.213300 |
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0.041300 | 0.579400 | 0.704400 |
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0.496600 | 0.068600 | 0.135000 |
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0.238300 | 0.237700 | 0.508000 |
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0.000000 | 0.314000 | 0.635900 |
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0.000000 | 0.143800 | 0.309500 |
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0.000000 | 0.008000 | 0.002300 |
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0.809200 | 0.606400 | 0.553000 |
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0.780800 | 0.873400 | 0.735900 |
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0.387400 | 0.447200 | 0.736300 |