American physicist and crystallographer
Henri A. Levy (September 12, 1913 – March 25, 2003) was an American physicist and crystallographer who made contributions in the field of neutron scattering by crystalline materials.[ 1]
Early life and education [ edit ] Levy was born in Oxnard, California and gained both his bachelor's degree and PhD at Caltech , in 1935 and 1938 respectively. His PhD was supervised by Linus Pauling . [ 1]
Following a postdoctoral position with Pauling, Levy moved to Clinton Laboratories (now Oak Ridge National Laboratory ) where he spent the rest of his career.[ 1] He built on the work of Ernest O. Wollan and Clifford G. Shull in determining the structure of crystalline solids such as Xenon tetrafluoride ,[ 2] sucrose [ 3] and glucose [ 4] using neutron diffraction . His work particularly focused on determining the positions of hydrogen atoms in crystals, something that neutron diffraction can do with higher precision than X-ray diffraction . He pioneered automated methodology for neutron diffraction studies,[ 5] along with several computer programs for analysis of crystallographic data.[ 6]
He was president of the American Crystallographic Association in 1965.[ 1]
In his later life, Levy worked on electron tomography of large biological complexes, particularly those transcribing DNA .[ 7]
Levy Island , in Crystal Sound , Antarctica, is named in honor of Levy's 1957 work with SW Peterson determining the position of hydrogen atoms in an ice crystal using neutrons.[ 8] [ 9]
^ a b c d "Henri A. Levy (1913-2003) IUCR newsletter vol 11(2)" .
^ Burns, J. H.; Agron, P. A.; Levy, H. A. (1963). "Xenon Tetrafluoride Molecule and Its Thermal Motion: A Neutron Diffraction Study". Science . 139 (3560): 1208–9. Bibcode :1963Sci...139.1208B . doi :10.1126/science.139.3560.1208 . PMID 17757912 . S2CID 35858682 .
^ Brown, G. M.; Levy, H. A. (1963). "Sucrose: Precise Determination of Crystal and Molecular Structure by Neutron Diffraction". Science . 141 (3584): 921–3. Bibcode :1963Sci...141..921B . doi :10.1126/science.141.3584.921 . PMID 14043338 . S2CID 23770600 .
^ Brown, G. M.; Levy, H. A. (1965). "Alpha-D-Glucose: Precise Determination of Crystal and Molecular Structure by Neutron-Diffraction Analysis". Science . 147 (3661): 1038–9. Bibcode :1965Sci...147.1038B . doi :10.1126/science.147.3661.1038-a . PMID 14245779 . S2CID 24902991 .
^ "Chapter 4: Olympian Feats" . ORNL Review . 25 (3 and 4: ORNL: The First Fifty Years ). 1992. Archived from the original on 2014-01-09. Retrieved 2014-03-03 .
^ "Crystallographic Computing at Oak Ridge National Laboratory 1954 to 1968. William R. Busing" . Retrieved March 3, 2014 .
^ Olins, D. E.; Olins, A. L.; Levy, H. A.; Durfee, R. C.; Margle, S. M.; Tinnel, E. P.; Dover, S. D. (1983). "Electron microscope tomography: Transcription in three dimensions". Science . 220 (4596): 498–500. Bibcode :1983Sci...220..498O . doi :10.1126/science.6836293 . PMID 6836293 .
^ Peterson, S. W.; Levy, H. A. (1957). "A single-crystal neutron diffraction study of heavy ice" (PDF) . Acta Crystallographica . 10 (1): 70–76. Bibcode :1957AcCry..10...70P . doi :10.1107/S0365110X5700016X .
^ "Name Details: Levy Island (United States Gazetteer)" . Australian Antarctic Data Centre. Retrieved March 3, 2014 .