L5 is a small haplogroup centered in East Africa. The highest frequency is in MbutiPygmies from Eastern Central Africa at 15%.[3]
It is present in relatively small frequencies in Tanzania (Sandawe and others), Kenya, Chad, Ethiopia, Sudan, Nubia, Egypt[4][Note 1] and Saudi Arabia.[5]
Haplogroup L5 has been observed among specimens at the island cemetery in Kulubnarti, Sudan, which date from the Early Christian period (AD 550–800).[6]
This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup L5 subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation[2] and subsequent published research.
^Stevanovitch, A; A. Gilles; E. Bouzaid; R. Kefi; F. Paris; R. P. Gayraud; J. L. Spadoni; F. El-Chenawi; E. Béraud-Colomb (29 Jan 2004). "Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Diversity in a Sedentary Population from Egypt". Annals of Human Genetics. 68 (1): 23–39. doi:10.1046/j.1529-8817.2003.00057.x. PMID14748828. S2CID44901197.