Forest in Madhya Pradesh Hinglaj Fort surrounded by Deep Mixed Forests in Mandsaur Madhya Pradesh , often called the Heart of India , is a state in central India . Its capital is Bhopal . Madhya Pradesh was originally the largest state in India until November 1, 2000 when the state of Chhattisgarh was carved out. It borders the states Uttar Pradesh , Chhattisgarh , Maharashtra ,Gujarat and Rajasthan .
Mixed forests at Amarkantak Sal
Mixed forests
Bamboo
Khair - Khair (Acacia catechu )
NWFP
Tendu patta (leaf) collection Medicinal plants - Medicinal trees and plants of various kinds are found in abundance in the forests of Madhya Pradesh. Important ones are: Aegle marmelos , Azadirachta indica , Bixa orellana , Butea monosperma , Asparagus racemosus , Argemone mexicana , Buchanania cochinchinensis , Aloe barbadensis , Acorus calamus , Cassia tora , Curculigo orchioides , Curcuma longa , Embelia ribes , Clitoria ternatea , Mangifera indica , Cassia fistula , Evolvulus alsinoides , Commiphora mukul , Helicteres isora , Holorrhaena antidysenterica , Glycyrrhiza glabra , Woodfordia fruticosa ,. Dioscorea spp , Plumbago zeylaniea , Terminalia bellirica , Tamarindus indica , Mucuna pruriens , Pongamia pinnata , Terminalia bellirica , Psoralea corylifolia , Phyllanthus embilica , Ocimum americanum , Rauvolfia serpentina , Tinospora cardifolio , Withania somnifera , Swertia chirayita , Tribulus terrestres , Chlorophytum tuberosum , Cyprus rotundus .
Forest growing stock [ edit ] Bandhavgarh National Park The total growing stock (volume of timber / wood) is 50,000,000 m3 valued worth Rs 2.5 lakh Crores.
Madhya Pradesh is home to 11 national parks , including Bandhavgarh National Park , Kanha National Park , Satpura National Park , Sanjay National Park , Madhav National Park , Van Vihar National Park , Mandla Plant Fossils National Park , Panna National Park , Pench National Park , Kuno National Park and dinosaur fossil National Park Madhya Pradesh.
There are also a number of natural preserves, including Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve , Patalkot , Bagh Caves , Bhedaghat , Bori Wildlife Sanctuary , Ken Gharial Sanctuary , Ghatigaon Wildlife Sanctuary , Kuno-Palpur Wildlife Sanctuary , Narwar , National Chambal Sanctuary , Kukdeshwar, Narsinghgarh , Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary , Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve , Panpatha, Shikarganj, and Tamia.
National Parks and their Fauna [ edit ] There are 11 National Parks and 24 Sanctuaries spread over an area of 94,3489 km2 constituting 12.27% of the total forest area and 3.52% of the geographical area of the state.
Name of National Park
Area
Location
Established
Fauna
Kanha National Park
940 km2
Mandla
1955
Tiger , panther , gaur , chital , sambar , nilgai , chinkara , barking deer , swamp deer , (barasingha ), wild boar and a variety of upland birds.
Bandhavgarh National Park
437 km2
Umaria
1968
Tiger , panther , gaur , chital , sambar , nilgai , chinkara , barking deer , wild boar and a variety of upland birds.
Madhav National Park
354 km2
Shivpuri
1959
Panther , chital , sambar , nilgai , chinkara , blackbuck , chausingha , wild boar , crocodiles in lake, and a variety of upland birds.
Sanjay National Park
467 km2
Sidhi
1981
Tiger , panther , sambar , chital , gaur , etc.
Van Vihar National Park
4.45 km2
Bhopal
1983
Tiger , panther , lion , bear , hyena , etc.
Panna National Park
543 km2
Panna , Chhatarpur
1981
Tiger , chital , chinkara , sambar and sloth bear .
Satpura National Park
524 km2
Pachmarhi
1981
Tiger , leopard , sambar , chital , bherki, nilgai , four-horned antelope , chinkara , bison (gour), wild boar , wild dog , bear , blackbuck , fox , porcupine , flying squirrel , mouse deer , Indian giant squirrel , etc.
Pench National Park
293 km2
Seoni , Chhindwara
1975
Tiger , panther , bison , chital , sambhar , nilgai , chinkara , barking deer , chowsingha , wild boar and a variety of upland birds.
Ghughua Fossil National Park
0.27 km2
Dindori
1983
Plant fossils
Dinosaur Fossils National Park
0.89 km2
Dhar
2011
Kuno National Park
748.76 km2
Sheopur
2018
Omkareshwar National Park
Kuno National Park
[ 1]
List of sanctuaries [ edit ] There are 30 Wildlife sanctuaries in Madhya Pradesh. They are the following:[ 2]
Bori Wildlife Sanctuary (Narmadapuram) 518.00 km2 (200.00 sq mi)
Bagdara Sanctuary (Singrauli) 478.90 km2 (184.90 sq mi)
Phen Sanctuary (Mandla) 110.74 km2 (42.76 sq mi)
Ghatigaon Sanctuary (Gwalior) 512.00 km2 (197.68 sq mi)
Gandhi Sagar Sanctuary (Mandsaur, Neemuch) 368.62 km2 (142.32 sq mi)
Karera Sanctuary (Shivpuri) 202.21 km2 (78.07 sq mi)
Ken Gharial Sanctuary (Chhatarpur, Panna) 45.00 km2 (17.37 sq mi)
Kheoni Wildlife Sanctuary (Dewas, Sehore) 122.70 km2 (47.37 sq mi)
Narsingharh Sanctuary (Rajgarh) 57.19 km2 (22.08 sq mi)
National Chambal Sanctuary (Morena) 320.00 km2 (123.55 sq mi)
Nauradehi Wildlife Sanctuary (Sagar, Damoh, Narsinghpur) 1,194.67 km2 (461.26 sq mi)
Pachmarhi Sanctuary (Narmadapuram) 461.85 km2 (178.32 sq mi)
Panpatha Sanctuary (Umaria) 245.84 km2 (94.92 sq mi)
Kuno Wildlife Sanctuary (Sheopur) 345.00 km2 (133.21 sq mi)
Pench National Park (Seoni) 449.39 km2 (173.51 sq mi)
Ratapani Tiger Reserve (Raisen, Sehore) 823.84 km2 (318.09 sq mi)
Sanjay-Dubri Wildlife Sanctuary (Sidhi) 364.69 km2 (140.81 sq mi)
Singhori Sanctuary (Raisen) 287.91 km2 (111.16 sq mi)
Son Ghariyal Sanctuary (Sidhi) 41.80 km2 (16.14 sq mi)
Sardarpur Sanctuary (Dhar) 348.12 km2 (134.41 sq mi)
Sailana Sanctuary (Ratlam) 12.96 km2 (5.00 sq mi)
Ralamandal wildlife Sanctuary (Indore) 5 km2 (1.9 sq mi)
Orchha Sanctuary (Niwari) 46 km2 (18 sq mi)
Gangau Sanctuary (Panna) 69 km2 (27 sq mi)
Veerangna Durgawati Sanctuary (Damoh) 24 km2 (9.3 sq mi) Madhya Pradesh has a subtropical climate. Like most of north India, it has a hot dry summer (April–June) followed by monsoon rains (July–September) and a cool and relatively dry winter. The average rainfall is about 1,370 mm (53.9 in). It decreases from east to west. The south-eastern districts have the heaviest rainfall, some places receiving as much as 2,150 mm (84.6 in), while the western and north-western districts receive 1,000 mm (39.4 in) or less.
The Tribals and Forests [ edit ] The tribal population is an integral part of the biodiversity of the forests since ages. A large number of ethnic aboriginal tribes are there who live in and around forests in Madhya Pradesh. The main tribal groups are: