Genus of flowering plants
Claoxylon is a flowering plant genus in the spurge family , Euphorbiaceae , comprising dioecious subshrubs to small trees. It was first described as a genus in 1824.[2] [1] The genus is distributed in paleotropical areas: Madagascar through South and Southeast Asia , Malesia to Melanesia , Hawaiʻi , and Australia . Half of the species are in Malesia . According to a molecular phylogenetic study by Wurdack, Hoffmann & Chase (2005), Claoxylon is sister to Erythrococca (50 species, Africa), and together they form the top of a Hennigian comb-like phylogeny.[3] [4]
The genus Claoxylon is usually easily recognizable because the dried leaves in herbariums of most species are rough (few are smooth).
Species[1]
Claoxylon abbreviatum - Java, Bali, Lombok, Timor, Flores, Sulawesi
Claoxylon affine - Java, Bali, Lombok, Timor, Flores
Claoxylon albicans - Philippines
Claoxylon albiflorum - Bismarck Archipelago
Claoxylon angustifolium - Queensland
Claoxylon anomalum - Western Ghats of SW India
Claoxylon arboreum - Philippines
Claoxylon attenuatum - Sabah
Claoxylon australe - Queensland, New South Wales
Claoxylon bicarpellatum - Papua New Guinea
Claoxylon biciliatum - Vanuatu
Claoxylon brachyandrum - Philippines, Sabah, Sulawesi
Claoxylon capillipes - Papua New Guinea, Flores
Claoxylon carinatum - Kalimantan Timur
Claoxylon carolinianum - Caroline Islands
Claoxylon carrii - Papua New Guinea
Claoxylon centenarium - Ogasawara-shoto (Bonin Islands )
Claoxylon colfsii - Sumbawa
Claoxylon collenettei - Rapa-Iti
Claoxylon coriaceolanatum - Papua New Guinea
Claoxylon crassipes - Philippines
Claoxylon crassivenium - Philippines
Claoxylon cuneatum - Western New Guinea
Claoxylon decaryanum - Madagascar
Claoxylon dolichostachyum - Réunion
Claoxylon echinospermum - Fiji
Claoxylon ellipticum - Philippines
Claoxylon erythrophyllum - E Indonesia
Claoxylon euphorbioides - Philippines
Claoxylon extenuatum - Bougainville
Claoxylon fallax - Fiji, Tonga
Claoxylon flavum - Madagascar
Claoxylon fulvescens - Papua New Guinea, Sulawesi
Claoxylon gillisonii - Vanuatu
Claoxylon glabrifolium - Java, Bali, Lombok, Timor, Flores
Claoxylon glandulosum - Réunion
Claoxylon goodenoviense - D'Entrecasteaux Islands
†Claoxylon grandifolium - Mauritius, Réunion but extinct
Claoxylon gymnadenum - Bougainville
Claoxylon hainanense - Hainan
Claoxylon hillii - New Guinea, N Australia
Claoxylon hirsutellum - Kalimantan Timur
Claoxylon hosei - Sarawak
Claoxylon humbertii - Madagascar
Claoxylon indicum - S China, SE Asia, New Guinea, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Christmas Island
Claoxylon insigne - Sarawak
Claoxylon insulanum - New Caledonia, Loyalty Islands
Claoxylon kaievskii - Solomon Islands, Santa Cruz Islands
Claoxylon khasianum - West Bengal, Bangladesh, Assam
Claoxylon kinabaluense - Sabah
Claoxylon kingii - S Thailand, Perak
Claoxylon kotoense - Taiwan
Claoxylon lambiricum - Sarawak
Claoxylon ledermannii - Papua New Guinea
Claoxylon linostachys - Mauritius
Claoxylon longifolium - Assam, SE Asia, New Guinea, Caroline Islands
Claoxylon longipetiolatum - Sikkim , Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar
Claoxylon longiracemosum - Palau
Claoxylon lutescens - New Guinea
Claoxylon macranthum - Mauritius, Madagascar
Claoxylon mananarense - Madagascar
Claoxylon marianum - Mariana Islands
Claoxylon medullosum - Madagascar
Claoxylon microcarpum - Papua New Guinea
Claoxylon monoicum - Madagascar
Claoxylon muscisilvae - Papua New Guinea
Claoxylon neoebudicum - Vanuatu, Santa Cruz Islands , Fiji
Claoxylon nervosum - Papua New Guinea
Claoxylon nigtanig - Bougainville
Claoxylon nubicola - Papua New Guinea
Claoxylon oblanceolatum - Philippines
Claoxylon oliganthum - Thailand
Claoxylon ooumuense - Nuku Hiva
Claoxylon papuae - Papua New Guinea
Claoxylon parviflorum - Réunion , Rodrigues Island
Claoxylon paucinerve - Papua New Guinea
Claoxylon perrieri - Madagascar
Claoxylon physocarpum - Sumatra
Claoxylon platyphyllum - Papua New Guinea
Claoxylon porphyrostemon - Papua New Guinea
Claoxylon praetermissum - Sabah
Claoxylon pseudoinsulanum - Kalimantan Timur
Claoxylon psilogyne - Vanuatu
Claoxylon pubescens - Philippines
Claoxylon purpureum - Philippines, Sulawesi
Claoxylon putii - Thailand
Claoxylon racemiflorum - Réunion
Claoxylon raymondianum - Madagascar
Claoxylon rostratum - Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Myanmar
Claoxylon rubescens - Lombok , Philippines
Claoxylon rubrivenium - Luzon
Claoxylon salicinum - Sabah
Claoxylon salomonense - Papua New Guinea, D'Entrecasteaux Islands , Louisiade Archipelago , Solomon Islands
Claoxylon samoense - Samoa
Claoxylon sanctae-crucis - Santa Cruz Islands
Claoxylon sandwicense - Hawaii
Claoxylon sarasinorum - Sulawesi
Claoxylon scabratum - New Guinea
Claoxylon setosum - Réunion
Claoxylon spathulatum - Philippines
Claoxylon stapfianum - Sarawak, Sabah
Claoxylon subbullatum - Sabah
Claoxylon subsessiliflorum - Vietnam, Yunnan
Claoxylon subviride - Philippines
Claoxylon taitense - Society Islands
Claoxylon tenerifolium - Queensland
Claoxylon tenuiflorum - Aceh
Claoxylon tetracoccum - West New Guinea
Claoxylon tsaratananae - Madagascar
Claoxylon velutinum - Kalimantan Timur
Claoxylon vitiense - Fiji
Claoxylon wallichianum - Peninsular Malaysia
Claoxylon warburgianum - Sulawesi
Claoxylon winkleri - Kalimantan Selatan Formerly included[1] moved to other genera (Acalypha , Croton , Discoclaoxylon , Erythrococca , Lobanilia , Macaranga , Mallotus , Micrococca , Orfilea )
C. africanum - Erythrococca africana
C. angolense - Erythrococca angolense
C. atrovirens - Erythrococca atrovirens
C. bakerianum - Lobanilia bakeriana
C. barteri - Erythrococca africana
C. beddomei - Micrococca beddomei
C. capense - Micrococca capensis
C. chevalieri - Erythrococca chevalieri
C. columnare - Erythrococca columnaris
C. cordifolium - Mallotus oppositifolius
C. deflersii - Erythrococca abyssinica
C. dewevrei - Erythrococca dewevrei
C. digynum - Macaranga digyna
C. flaccidum - Erythrococca atrovirens
C. hexandrum - Discoclaoxylon hexandrum
C. hirsutum - Micrococca wightii var. hirsuta
C. hirtellum - Lobanilia hirtella
C. hispidum - Erythrococca hispida
C. holstii - Micrococca holstii
C. humblotianum - Micrococca humblotiana
C. inaequilaterum - Erythrococca atrovirens
C. kirkii - Erythrococca kirkii
C. lancifolium - Micrococca lancifolia
C. lasiococcum - Erythrococca trichogyne
C. leucocarpum - Mallotus leucocarpus
C. longifolium Baill. 1858, illegitimate homonym, not (Blume) Endl. ex Hassk. 1844 - Micrococca oligandra
C. luteobrunneum - Lobanilia luteobrunnea
C. macrophyllum Prain 1911, illegitimate homonym, not Hassk. 1848 - Erythrococca macrophylla
C. mannii - Erythrococca mannii
C. membranaceum - Erythrococca membranacea
C. menyharthii - Erythrococca menyharthii
C. mercurialis - Micrococca mercurialis
C. mildbraedii - Erythrococca trichogyne
C. molleri - Erythrococca molleri
C. muricatum - Mallotus resinosus
C. neraudianum - Orfilea neraudiana
C. occidentale - Discoclaoxylon occidentale
C. oleraceum - Erythrococca atrovirens
C. oligandrum - Micrococca oligandra
C. ovale - Lobanilia ovalis
C. patulum - Erythrococca patula
C. pauciflorum Müll.Arg. 1864 not Stapf 1894 - Erythrococca pauciflora
C. pedicellare Müll.Arg. 1864 not Pax & K.Hoffm. 1914 - Discoclaoxylon pedicellare
C. poggei - Erythrococca poggei
C. polyandrum - Erythrococca polyandra
C. preussii - Discoclaoxylon hexandrum
C. purpurascens - Erythrococca molleri
C. reticulatum - Acalypha filiformis
C. rivulare - Erythrococca rivularis
C. schweinfurthii - Erythrococca atrovirens
C. sphaerocarpum - Croton sylvaticus
C. spiciflorum - Acalypha spiciflora
C. stipulosum - Mallotus dispar
C. trichogyne - Erythrococca trichogyne
C. triste - Erythrococca tristis
C. virens - Erythrococca menyharthii
C. volkensii - Micrococca volkensii
C. welwitschianum - Erythrococca welwitschiana
C. wightii - Micrococca wightii