Cladonota
Cladonota sp.
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hemiptera
Suborder: Auchenorrhyncha
Family: Membracidae
Subfamily: Membracinae
Genus: Cladonota
Stål, 1869
Subgenera
  • Falculifera McKamey, 1997
  • Cladonota Stål, 1869
  • Lecythifera Fowler, 1894
  • Lobocladisca Stål, 1869

Cladonota is a genus of treehopper in the family Membracidae, widespread through North and South America.[1] It has been previously described as Spogonophorus.[2][3]

Description

The genus is distinguished from other treehoppers by its highly elaborate pronotum, which in many species bears an elongated, curved anterior process or an ornate intermediate process. While this helps them camouflage in their natural habitat, other explanations for the pronotum's structure include mate recognition, as well as providing an extended surface area for their sensory setae.[4][5]

Distribution

Classification

Falculifera is part of the treehopper subfamily Membracinae. Inside this subfamily, it belongs to the tribe Hysoprorini.[5]

Taxonomy

The genus is divided into four subgenera: Falculifera,[5] Cladonota,[6] Lecythifera,[7] and Lobocladisca.[8]

Falculifera

Falculifera is distinguished from the other subgenera by the lack of an intermediate process on the pronotum. The latter is usually C-shaped, with the posterior process extending in an oblique direction.[5]

As of 2018, the subgenus comprises the following species:[5]

References

  1. ^ "Sphongophorus Fairmaire, 1846". gbif.org.
  2. ^ Fairmaire, Léon (1846). "Revue de la Tribu des membracides". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 1-6. 2: 260.
  3. ^ "Treehoppers: Aetalionidae, Melizoderidae, and Membracidae (Hemiptera)". insectmuseum.org.
  4. ^ "Cladonota sp., un insecte très surprenant". Futura Sciences.
  5. ^ a b c d e Flynn, Dawn J. (2018). "Review of the Genus Cladonota Stål (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Membracinae: Hypsoprorini) with Keys, Illustrations of Adults, and Known Nymphs, and Description of a New Species from Costa Rica. I. Introduction and Subgenus Falculifera McKamey". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 120 (4): 725. doi:10.4289/0013-8797.120.4.725. S2CID 91937470.
  6. ^ Flynn, Dawn J. (2019). "Review of the Genus Cladonota Stål with Keys, Illustrations of Adults, and Description of a New Species from Ecuador (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Membracinae: Hypsoprorini). Ii. Subgenus Cladonota Stål". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 121 (3): 405. doi:10.4289/0013-8797.121.3.405. S2CID 201192355.
  7. ^ Flynn, Dawn J. (2020). "Review of the Genus Cladonota Stål with Keys, Illustrations of Adults, and Descriptions of Four New Species from Costa Rica, Honduras and Ecuador (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Membracinae: Hysoprorini). III. Subgenus Lecythifera Fowler". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 122 (3): 604. doi:10.4289/0013-8797.122.3.604. S2CID 220714404.
  8. ^ Flynn, Dawn J. (2020). "Review of the Genus Cladonota Stål with Keys and Illustrations of Adults (Hemiptera: Membracidae: Membracinae: Hypsoprorini). IV. Subgenus Lobocladisca Stål". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 122 (4). doi:10.4289/0013-8797.122.4.821. S2CID 225077750.


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