Cargill is a surname of Scottish origin, a sept of Clan Drummond.

Notable people with the surname include:

Persons

• Ann Cargill, an 18th-century British opera diva
• Ansley Cargill, an American tennis player
• Baily Cargill (born 1995), British football (soccer) player
• C. Robert Cargill, an American novelist and screenwriter
• Donald Cargill, a Scottish Covenanter
• Edward Cargill, 19th century New Zealand politician
• Helen Cargill Thompson, Scottish scientist, librarian, art collector and supporter of educational, artistic and heritage organisations
• Henry Cargill, an Ontario farmer, merchant and political figure
• Henson Cargill (1941–2007), American country music singer
• Jimmy Cargill (1914-1939), Scottish football (soccer) player
• James Cargill (musician) bassist for Broadcast
• James R. Cargill (1923-2006) U.S. businessman
• James R. Cargill II (born 1949) U.S. businessman
• Sir John Cargill, 1st Baronet (1867-1954), Chairman of Burmah Oil Company
• John Cargill (politician), 19th century New Zealand politician
• John Cargill Thompson, Scottish dramatist specialising in one-person plays
• Karen Cargill, a Scottish operatic mezzo-soprano singer
• Lance Cargill, an American lawyer and Republican politician
• Margaret Anne Cargill, billionaire philanthropist
• Morris Cargill, a white Jamaican lawyer, businessman, planter, journalist and novelist
• Oscar Cargill (1898–1972), American literary critic and professor of English
• O. A. Cargill, a lawyer, author and buffalo rancher
• Patrick Cargill (1918-1996), a British actor
• Peter Cargill, a Jamaican international football player
• Wellington David Cargill, an Ontario manufacturer and political figure
• William Cargill (Berwick MP) (1813–1894), British Conservative Party politician, MP for Berwick-upon-Tweed 1863–65
• William Cargill (New Zealand politician), founder of the Otago settlement in New Zealand
• William Wallace Cargill (1844-1909), founder of Cargill company in the U.S.

Fictional characters

• Colonel Cargill, a fictional character in Joseph Heller's classic novel Catch-22
• Callie Cargill, a fictional character from the TV show The Glades
• Joanna Cargill, a fictional Marvel Comics character
• Russ Cargill, fictional character, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Head, and antagonist in The Simpsons Movie. Voiced by Albert Brooks.

Other

• Cargill family; a U.S. business family
• Cargill baronets; of Great Britain