Alliance Army Airfield is located in Box Butte County, Nebraska on Highway 2, near Alliance. The airfield was activated in 1942.
It was was one of eleven United States Army Air Force training bases in Nebraska during World War II. The base was under the command of Second Air Force Headquarters, Colorado Springs, Colorado.
The 411th Base Headquarters Squadron, 403rd and 434th Troop Carrier Groups, 326th Glider Infantry, 507th Parachute Infantry, and 878th Airborne Engineers trained there before deployment to the European Theater. In June 1945 veteran troops arrived to train for the expected invasion of Japan.
The 31,489-acre field's primary mission was to train aircrews of C-47 and C-53 transports and CG-4 gliders, along with the airborne troops they would carry into battle. The field contained some 775 buildings and housed 12,500 military personnel at its September 1943 peak.
The base closed on 31 December 1945 and most buildings were sold. In 1946 part of the airfield was transferred to Alliance for use as an airport. Today the airfield is known as Alliance Airport (AIA)).