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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1861.
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
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Etallonia[2] |
Gen. et. comb. nov. |
Valid |
Oppel |
An axiid, type species is E. longimana, initially described as Magila longimana in 1839. |
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Gen. et. comb. nov. |
Valid |
Oppel |
A stenochirid, type species is P. pustulosus, initially described as Bolina pustulosa in 1839. |
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Archaeopteryx[3] | Gen. et sp. nov. | Valid | Hermann von Meyer | Kimmeridgian | Solnhofen Limestone | Germany | Early bird, only known from a single flight feather.[3] | |
Echinodon[4] | Gen. et sp. nov. | Valid | Sir Richard Owen[4] | Berriasian | Purbeck Beds | UK | Known from multiple jaw and tooth fossils, originally interpreted as a lacertilian.[4][5] | |
Teratosaurus | Gen. nov | Valid | Hermann von Meyer | Germany | Misidentified teratosaurid archosaur. |
Name | Status | Authors | Location | Notes | Images | |
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Valid |
Wagner |
An Corvid-like Pterosaur. |