![Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-top-image/alt](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Na_%28Sodium%29.jpg/220px-Na_%28Sodium%29.jpg) |
Sodium |
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Appearance | sillery white metallic |
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Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Na) | 7001229897692800000♠22.98976928(2)[1] |
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Sodium in the periodic cairt |
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Atomic nummer (Z) | 11 |
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Group | group 1 (alkali metals) |
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Period | period 3 |
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Block | s-block |
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Element category | Alkali metal |
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Electron confeeguration | [Ne] 3s1 |
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Electrons per shell | 2,8,1 |
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Pheesical properties |
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Phase at STP | solit |
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Meltin pynt | 370.944 K (97.794 °C, 208.029 °F) |
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Bylin pynt | 1156.090 K (882.940 °C, 1621.292 °F) |
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Density (near r.t.) | 0.968 g/cm3 |
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when liquid (at m.p.) | 0.927 g/cm3 |
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Creetical pynt | (extrapolatit) 2573 K, 35 MPa |
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Heat o fusion | 2.60 kJ/mol |
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Heat o vapourisation | 97.42 kJ/mol |
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Molar heat capacity | 28.230 J/(mol·K) |
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Vapour pressur
P (Pa)
|
1
|
10
|
100
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1 k
|
10 k
|
100 k
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at T (K)
|
554
|
617
|
697
|
802
|
946
|
1153
|
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Atomic properties |
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Oxidation states | −1, +1 strangly basic |
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Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 0.93 |
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Ionisation energies | |
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Atomic radius | empirical: 186 pm |
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Covalent radius | 166±9 pm |
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Van der Waals radius | 227 pm |
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Colour lines in a spectral rangeSpectral lines o sodium |
Ither properties |
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Naitural occurrence | primordial |
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Creestal structur | body-centred cubic (bcc) |
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Speed o soond thin rod | 3200 m/s (at 20 °C) |
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Thermal expansion | 71 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) |
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Thermal conductivity | 142 W/(m·K) |
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Electrical resistivity | 47.7 n Ω·m (at 20 °C) |
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Magnetic orderin | paramagnetic[2] |
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Young's modulus | 10 GPa |
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Shear modulus | 3.3 GPa |
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Bulk modulus | 6.3 GPa |
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Mohs haurdness | 0.5 |
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Brinell haurdness | 0.69 MPa |
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CAS Nummer | 7440-23-5 |
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History |
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Diskivery | Humphry Davy (1807) |
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First isolation | Humphry Davy (1807) |
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Main isotopes o sodium |
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Isotope
|
Abundance
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Hauf-life (t1/2)
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Decay mode
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Product
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22Na
|
trace
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2.602 y
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β+→γ
|
0.5454
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22Ne*
|
1.27453(2)[3]
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22Ne
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ε→γ
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-
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22Ne*
|
1.27453(2)
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22Ne
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β+
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1.8200
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22Ne
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23Na
|
100%
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stable
| |
* = excited state |
| references |