![Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-top-image/alt](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Mangan_1-crop.jpg/220px-Mangan_1-crop.jpg) |
Manganese |
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Pronunciation | (MANG-gə-neez) |
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Appearance | silvery metallic |
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Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Mn) | 7001549380430000000♠54.938043(2)[1] |
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Manganese in the periodic cairt |
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Atomic nummer (Z) | 25 |
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Group | group 7 |
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Period | period 4 |
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Block | d-block |
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Element category | Transeetion metal |
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Electron confeeguration | [Ar] 3d5 4s2 |
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Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 13, 2 |
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Pheesical properties |
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Phase at STP | solit |
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Meltin pynt | 1519 K (1246 °C, 2275 °F) |
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Bylin pynt | 2334 K (2061 °C, 3742 °F) |
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Density (near r.t.) | 7.21 g/cm3 |
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when liquid (at m.p.) | 5.95 g/cm3 |
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Heat o fusion | 12.91 kJ/mol |
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Heat o vapourisation | 221 kJ/mol |
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Molar heat capacity | 26.32 J/(mol·K) |
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Vapour pressur
P (Pa)
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1
|
10
|
100
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1 k
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10 k
|
100 k
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at T (K)
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1228
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1347
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1493
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1691
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1955
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2333
|
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Atomic properties |
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Oxidation states | −3, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7 (dependin on the oxidation state, an acidic, basic, or amphoteric oxide) |
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Electronegativity | Pauling scale: 1.55 |
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Ionisation energies | |
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Atomic radius | empirical: 127 pm |
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Covalent radius | 139±5 (low spin), 161±8 (high spin) pm |
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Colour lines in a spectral rangeSpectral lines o manganese |
Ither properties |
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Naitural occurrence | primordial |
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Creestal structur | body-centred cubic (bcc) |
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Speed o soond thin rod | 5150 m/s (at 20 °C) |
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Thermal expansion | 21.7 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) |
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Thermal conductivity | 7.81 W/(m·K) |
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Electrical resistivity | 1.44 µ Ω·m (at 20 °C) |
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Magnetic orderin | paramagnetic |
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Young's modulus | 198 GPa |
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Bulk modulus | 120 GPa |
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Mohs haurdness | 6.0 |
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Brinell haurdness | 196 MPa |
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CAS Nummer | 7439-96-5 |
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History |
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Diskivery | Torbern Olof Bergman (1770) |
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First isolation | Johann Gottlieb Gahn (1774) |
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Main isotopes o manganese |
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Isotope
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Abundance
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Hauf-life (t1/2)
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Decay mode
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Product
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52Mn
|
syn
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5.591 d
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ε
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52Cr
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β+
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52Cr
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γ
|
-
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53Mn
|
trace
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3.74×106 y
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ε
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53Cr
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54Mn
|
syn
|
312.3 d
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ε
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54Cr
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γ
|
-
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55Mn
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100%
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stable
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| references |