IBM PC™ 또는 IBM 퍼스널 컴퓨터(IBM Personal Computer)는 1981년미국의 컴퓨터 정보기기 전문 업체인 IBM사(International Business Machines Corporation)가 선보인 컴퓨터이다. IBM PC 호환기종의 모체이고, 모델명은 IBM 5150이다. IBM PC의 경쟁상대는 애플컴퓨터의 매킨토시였다.
1980년대 초반에 IBM이 PC를 발표하였는데 흑백 모니터에 해상도도 떨어지는 초라한 컴퓨터였다. 컬러 화면에 그래픽 인터페이스를 가진 매킨토시와는 비교하기 힘들만큼 초라하였지만 매킨토시보다 값이 저렴하였다. 당시 많은 사람들은 비싼 매킨토시 대신 PC를 사용하였고 IBM은 PC 내부를 공개하였기 때문에 많은 업체들은 PC에 관련된 하드웨어와 소프트웨어를 개발할 수 있었다.
↑IBM did not offer own brand cassette recorders, but the 5150 had a cassette player jack, and IBM anticipated that entry level home users would connect their own cassette recorders for data storage instead of using the more expensive floppy drives (and use their existing TV sets as monitors); to this end, IBM initially offered the 5150 in a basic configuration without any floppy drives or monitor at the price of $1,565, whereas they offered a system with a monitor and single floppy drive for an initial $3,005. Few if any users however bought IBM 5150 PCs without floppy drives.
↑One or two 10 MB hard drives could be installed into an optionally available expansion unit that had a separate 130 Watt power supply; a hard drive could not normally be installed into the main system unit, because its 63.5 Watt power supply was not sufficient for that (cf. [1]Archived 2008년 9월 21일 - 웨이백 머신). Few of these expansion units were ever sold, but users found out that they could replace the 63.5 Watt power supply in the system unit with a 130 Watt power supply, thus allowing them to retrofit internal hard drives into their IBM 5150 PCs.)