The development of wind power in India began in the 1990s, and has significantly increased in the last few years. Although a relative newcomer to the wind industry compared with Denmark or the United States, India has the fifth largest installed wind power capacity in the world.[1] In 2009-10 India's growth rate was highest among the other top four countries.
As of 31 March 2015 the installed capacity of wind power in India was 22644.63 MW,[2] mainly spread across Tamil Nadu (7253 MW),[3] Gujarat (3,093 MW), Maharashtra (2976 MW), Karnataka (2113 MW), Rajasthan (2355 MW), Madhya Pradesh (386 MW), Andhra Pradesh (435 MW), Kerala (35.1 MW), Orissa (2MW),[4][5] West Bengal (1.1 MW) and other states (3.20 MW).[6] It is estimated that 6,000 MW of additional wind power capacity will be installed in India by 2014.[7].
The worldwide installed capacity of wind power reached 283 GW by the end of 2012. China (75,564 MW), US (60,007 MW), Germany (31,332 MW) and Spain (22,796 MW) are ahead of India in fifth position.[9] The short gestation periods for installing wind turbines, and the increasing reliability and performance of wind energy machines has made wind power a favoured choice for capacity addition in India.[10]
Suzlon, an Indian-owned company, emerged on the global scene in the past decade, and by 2006 had captured almost 7.7 percent of market share in global wind turbine sales. Suzlon is currently the leading manufacturer of wind turbines for the Indian market, holding some 43 percent of market share in India. Suzlon’s success has made India the developing country leader in advanced wind turbine technology.[11]
There is a growing number of wind energy installations in states across India. By the end of January 2014, the states of India had a cumulative installed capacity of 21264 MW.[12]
State | Capacity as on 31.03.2014(MW)[12] |
---|---|
Tamil Nadu | 7253 |
Gujarat | 3414 |
Maharashtra | 2976 |
Rajasthan | 2820 |
Karnataka | 2409 |
Andhra Pradesh | 753 |
Madhya Pradesh | 439.00 |
Kerala | 55 |
Others | 4.30 |
Total | 21264 |
.
Tamil Nadu generate around 35% of India's total wind capacity. The Government of Tamil Nadu realized the importance and need for renewable energy, and set up a separate Agency, as registered society, called the Tamil Nadu Energy Development Agency (TEDA) as early as 1985. Now, Tamil Nadu has become a leader in Wind Power in India. In Muppandal windfarm, Tamil Nadu the total capacity is 1500MW, which is the largest in India. As per TEDA, the total installed capacity in Tamil Nadu is 7253MW.[13]
Gujarat government’s focus on tapping renewable energy has led to sharp rise in the capacity to generate power using wind energy in the last few years. According to official data, wind power generations capacity in the state has increased a staggering ten times in just six years.
As per C-WET data, the total installed capacity in Gujarat stood at 3093 MW.[3]
Maharashtra is one of the prominent states considering the installation of wind power projects second to Tamil Nadu in India. As of now there are 50 developers registered with state nodal agency "Maharashtra energy Development Agency" for development of wind power projects. All the major manufacturers of wind turbines including Suzlon, Vestas, Gamesa, Regen, Leitner Shriram have presence in Maharashtra.
2356 MW as per the news reported by Times of India, Dated 31.3.2012.[citation needed]
In consideration of unique concept, Govt. of Madhya Pradesh has sanctioned another 15 MW project to Madhya Pradesh Windfarms Ltd. MPWL, Bhopal at Nagda Hills near Dewas under consultation from Consolidated Energy Consultants Ltd. CECL Bhopal. All the 25 WEGs have been commissioned on 31.03.2008 and under successful operation.[14]
(55 MW production of wind power in KERALA) The first wind farm of the state was set up[when?] at Kanjikode in Palakkad district.[citation needed]
They generate a total of 600 MW of power. The agency has identified 16 sites for setting up wind farms through private developers.[citation needed]
Odisha a coastal state has higher potential for wind energy. Current installation capacity stands at 2.0 MW. Odisha has a windpower potential of 1700MW. The Govt of Odisha is actively pursuing to boost Wind power generation in the state. however it has not progressed like other states primarily because Odisha having a huge coal reserve and number of existing and upcoming thermal power plants, is a power surplus state.[15]
The total installation in West Bengal is 2.10 MW till Dec 2009 at Fraserganj, Distt- South 24 Paraganas. More 0.5 MW (approx) at Ganga Sagar, Kakdwip, Distt - South 24 Paraganas. Both the project owned by West Bengal Renewable Energy Development Agency (WBREDA), Govt. of WB and project was executed on turnkey basis by Utility Powertech Limited (UPL). [citation needed]
India's largest wind power production facilities (10MW and greater)[16]
Power plant | Producer | Location | State | Total capacity (MWe) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Muppandal windfarm[17] | Muppandal Wind | Kanyakumari | Tamil Nadu | 1500 |
Jaisalmer Wind Park[18] | Suzlon Energy | Jaisalmer | Rajasthan | 1064 |
Brahmanvel windfarm[19] | Parakh Agro Industries | Dhule | Maharashtra | 528 |
Dhalgaon windfarm [20] | Gadre Marine Exports | Sangli | Maharashtra | 278 |
Vankusawade Wind Park | Suzlon Energy Ltd. | Satara District. | Maharashtra | 259 |
Damanjodi Wind Power Plant | Suzlon Energy Ltd. | Damanjodi | Odisha | 99 |
Cape Comorin | Aban Loyd Chiles Offshore Ltd. | Kanyakumari | Tamil Nadu | 33 |
Kayathar Subhash | Subhash Ltd. | Kayathar | Tamil Nadu | 30 |
Ramakkalmedu | Subhash Ltd. | Ramakkalmedu | Kerala | 25 |
Gudimangalam | Gudimangalam Wind Farm | Gudimangalam | Tamil Nadu | 21 |
Puthlur RCI | Wescare (India) Ltd. | Puthlur | Andhra Pradesh | 20 |
Lamda Danida | Danida India Ltd. | Lamba | Gujarat | 15 |
Chennai Mohan | Mohan Breweries & Distilleries Ltd. | Chennai | Tamil Nadu | 15 |
Jamgudrani MP | MP Windfarms Ltd. | Dewas | Madhya Pradesh | 14 |
Jogmatti BSES | BSES Ltd. | Chitradurga District | Karnataka | 14 |
Perungudi Newam | Newam Power Company Ltd. | Perungudi | Tamil Nadu | 12 |
Kethanur Wind Farm | Kethanur Wind Farm | Kethanur | Tamil Nadu | 11 |
Hyderabad TSRTC | Telangana State Road Transport Corporation | Hyderabad | Telangana | 10 |
Muppandal Madras | Madras Cements Ltd. | Muppandal | Tamil Nadu | 10 |
Shah Gajendragarh | MMTCL | Gadag | Karnataka | 15 |
Shah Gajendragarh | Sanjay D. Ghodawat | Gadag | Karnataka | 10.8 |
Acciona Tuppadahalli | Tuppadahalli Energy India Private Limited | Chitradurga District | Karnataka | 56.1 |
Poolavadi Chettinad | Chettinad Cement Corp. Ltd. | Poolavadi | Tamil Nadu | 10 |
Shalivahana Wind | Shalivahana Green Energy. Ltd. | Tirupur | Tamil Nadu | 20.4 |
Dangiri Wind Farm | Oil India Ltd. | Jaiselmer | Rajasthan | 54 |
Initial cost for wind turbines is greater than that of conventional fossil fuel generators per MW installed.[22] Noise is produced by the rotor blades. This is not normally an issue in the locations chosen for most wind farms.
The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) had fixed a target of 10,500 MW between 2007–12, but an additional generation capacity of only about 6,000 MW might be available for commercial use by 2012.[7]
The MNRE has announced a revised estimation of the potential wind resource in India from 49,130 MW assessed at 50m Hub heights to 102,788 MW assessed at 80m Hub height. The wind resource at higher Hub heights that are now prevailing is possibly even more.
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