Nanolophodon Temporal range: Early Eocene ~55–52 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	†Notoungulata
Family:	†Henricosborniidae
Genus:	†Nanolophodon Castro et al, 2021
Type species
Nanolophodon tutuca Castro et al, 2021

Nanolophodon is an extinct genus of mammal, belonging to the order Notoungulata. It lived during the Early Eocene, and its fossilized remains were discovered in what is now Brazil.

Description

This genus is only known from fragments of its maxilla and mandible, and from a few isolated teeth. The teeth were low-crowned (brachydont). The lower molars had an underdeveloped entolophid, a common characteristic with other early Notoungulates, such as Henricosbornia. The first crest, generally present in members of the suborder Typotheria, and the intermediate crest, present in members of the suborder Toxodontia, were absent. Nanolophodon was distinguished from its relatives by the presence of two small crests on the ectoloph, and a large paraconid.

Classification

Nanolophodon tutuca was first described in 2021, based on fossilized remains found in the Itaboraí Formation, in the Rio de Janeiro State of Brazil. Nanolophodon (meaning in Neo-Latin "tooth with minuscule crest") is considered to be a basal member of the order Notoungulata, perhaps representative of the potentially paraphyletic family Henricosborniidae.