Mohammed Badie محمد بديع | |
|---|---|
 Mohammed Badie in 2011 | |
| 8th General Guide of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt | |
| In office 16 January 2010 – 3 July 2013 | |
| Preceded by | Mohammed Mahdi Akef |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 7 August 1943 El Mahalla El Kubra, Egypt |
| Children | Ammar and three others |
| Alma mater | Cairo University |
Mohammed Badie (Arabic: محمد بديع Muḥammad Badīʿ, IPA: [mæˈħæmmæd bæˈdiːʕ]; born 7 August 1943) is the eighth Supreme Guide of the Muslim Brotherhood.[1]
He has been heading the Egyptian branch of the international Muslim Brotherhood organization since 2010. Before becoming the general guide, Badie had been a member of the group's governing council, the Guidance Bureau, since 1996.
He was arrested by the Egyptian authorities on 20 August 2013, and Dr. Mahmoud Ezzat became the acting general guide of the Muslim Brotherhood.[2][3] Then after Dr. Mahmoud Ezzat was arrested on 28 August 2020, Ibrahim Munir became the acting general guide of the Muslim Brotherhood.[4][5] On 13 October 2021, the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood Consultative Assembly (Shoura) made a decision to withdraw confidence from Ibrahim Munir and relieve him of his responsibility in the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt.[6][7] The assembly decided to assign an acting committee for general guide role and announced that in an official statement on 13 November 2021,[8][9] and later announced Dr. Mostafa Tolba as the committee's representative on 17 December 2021.[10] On 16 November 2022, the Assembly (Shoura) made a new decision to appoint Prof. Dr. Mahmoud Hussein as the acting general guide of the Muslim Brotherhood according to the general regulation, and Dr. Mostafa Tolba announced the decision by hemself.[11][12][13]
On 28 April 2014, after an eight-minute trial[14] in which Badie could not present his defence, he was sentenced to death, along with 682 others who are allegedly Muslim Brotherhood supporters.[15] He was sentenced to life in prison on 15 September 2014,[16] and was sentenced to death on 11 April 2015, along with thirteen other senior Muslim Brotherhood members.[17] He received a sixth life sentence on 22 August 2015[18] and a seventh on 8 May 2017.[19]
Egypt's highest appeals court upheld the 2019 conviction of Badie on charges related to killing policemen and organising mass jail-breaks during Egypt's 2011 uprising, alongside those of 10 other leaders of the group.[20]
Badie was born on 7 August 1943 in the industrial city of Mahalla al-Kubra.[21] He received a degree in veterinary medicine at Cairo in 1965.[22]
The same year, he was arrested for the first time for his political activity in the Muslim Brotherhood, along with Muslim Brotherhood leader Sayyid Qutb, during a nationwide roundup of activists; he was sentenced to 15 years in prison by a military tribunal.[22] After 9 years, he was paroled along with almost all other Brotherhood prisoners in 1974 by the Egyptian president, Anwar al-Sadat. Badi'e went on to continue his studies and begin a teaching career at various Egyptian universities. He became a part-time professor of pathology at the veterinary school of Beni Suef University.
In July 2013, Egyptian president Mohammed Morsi, a member of the Muslim Brotherhood, was removed by a coup d'état after the June protests. A travel ban was put on Badie as well as Badie's deputy Khairat el-Shater.[23] Badie's arrest was ordered on 10 July 2013 for "inciting the violence in Cairo on Monday in which more than 50 people were killed."[24] On 14 July 2013 Egypt's military-installed prosecutor general Hisham Barakat ordered his assets to be frozen.[25] Badie was arrested on 20 August 2013.[26][27] His two deputies were also arrested and he was due to stand trial on 25 August.[28][29] After the arrest of Badie, the Muslim Brotherhood appointed Mahmoud Ezzat as the acting guide.[30]
Badie then has been tried in the following cases:
In a weekly sermon, titled "How Islam Confronts the Oppression and Tyranny [against the Muslims]," Mohammed Badie accused the Arab and Muslim regimes of avoiding confrontation with "the Zionist entity" and the United States, and also of disregarding "Allah's commandment to wage jihad for His sake with [their] money and [their] lives, so that Allah's word will reign supreme and the infidels' word will be inferior." Badie stated that the U.S. is immoral and doomed to collapse. He accused the Palestinian Authority of "selling out" the Palestinian cause, adding that a third intifada was about to erupt. Badie also stated that "Resistance is the only solution against the Zio-American arrogance and tyranny, and all we need is for the Arab and Muslim peoples to stand behind it and support it."[50][51][52][failed verification]
In July 2012, during his weekly sermon, Mohammed Badie stated that Israelis are "rapists" of Jerusalem, and called on all Muslims to "wage jihad with their money and their selves to free al-Quds." He described the creation of Israel in international law as an "alleged, illusory right."[51][53]
In October 2012, Badie alleged that "The Jews have dominated the land, spread corruption on earth, spilled the blood of believers and in their actions profaned holy places, including their own." As such, he demanded that the Arab world reject negotiations with Israel in favour of "holy Jihad," saying that "the Zionists only understand force" and while alleging that allowing Jews to pray on the Temple Mount, Judaism's holiest site, would result in the destruction of Al-Aqsa.[54]
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Main article: Operation Pillar of Defense |
Badie denounced peace efforts with Israel, urging holy war against Israel, on 22 November 2012—just a day after Egyptian President Mohammed Morsi succeeded in brokering a truce to end eight days of Israel-Hamas fighting. Badie says "jihad is obligatory" for Muslims and that peace deals with Israel are a "game of grand deception." He says there's been enough negotiations, the "enemy knows nothing but the language of force."[55]
In July 2013, Badie condemned the removal of Egyptian president Mohamed Morsi by the Egyptian military stating "I swear by God that what Gen. Abdel-Fattah el-Sisi did in Egypt is more criminal than if he had carried an axe and demolished the holy Kaaba, stone by stone."[56]
Badie has four children, three daughters and a son.[57] His son, Ammar, was killed in the clashes in Cairo on 16 August 2013.[57]
