Confederate spy during the American Civil War
Elizabeth Carraway Howland (November 20, 1816 – July 11, 1886; also Harland or Holland ) was a Confederate spy during the American Civil War .[1] [2] [3] [4]
Union soldiers captured her town of New Bern, North Carolina . She made useful medicine for captured Confederate soldiers and helped Confederates smuggle food.[5]
^ "Obituaries" . Raleigh Christian Advocate . September 15, 1886. p. 5 – via Newspapers.com .
^ Nussel, Jill M. (2008). "Separate Spheres" . In Frank, Lisa Tendrich (ed.). Women in the American Civil War . ABC-Clio . p. 494. ISBN 978-1-85109-600-8 .
^ Simkins, Francis Butler; Patton, James Welch (1936). The Women of the Confederacy . Garrett and Massie. p. 78 . OCLC 560467248 .
^ Anderson, Lucy London (1926). North Carolina Women of the Confederacy . Cumberland Printing Co. p. 18 . OCLC 1049904333 .
^ Jill, Canon. Civil War Heroines . Santa Barbara, CA: Bellerphon Books, 2000.