Look up artaxerxes in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Artaxerxes /ˌɑːrtəˈzɜːrksiːz/ may refer to:

The throne name of several Achaemenid rulers of the 1st Persian Empire:

• Artaxerxes I of Persia (died 425 BC), Artaxerxes I Longimanus, r. 466–425 BC, son and successor of Xerxes I
• Artaxerxes II of Persia (436 BC–358 BC), Artaxerxes II Mnemon, r. 404–358 BC, son and successor of Darius II
• Artaxerxes III of Persia (425 BC–338 BC), Artaxerxes III Ochus, r. 358–338 BC, son and successor of Artaxerxes II
• Artaxerxes IV of Persia (died 336 BC), Artaxerxes IV Arses, r. 338–336 BC, son and successor of Artaxerxes III
• Artaxerxes V of Persia (died 329 BC), Artaxerxes V Bessus, r. 330–329 BC, nobleman who seized the throne from Darius III

Artaxerxes may also refer to:

• Ardeshir (disambiguation), the Middle and Modern Persian name descended from Old Persian equivalent of Artaxerxes, Artaxšacā
• Artaxerxes (opera), a 1762 opera by Thomas Arne
• 7212 Artaxerxes, a main-belt asteroid
• The wizard Artaxerxes, a character in J.R.R. Tolkien's novella "Roverandom"