Ann Smith Franklin
Born
Ann Smith

(1696-10-02)October 2, 1696
Boston, Province of Massachusetts Bay
DiedApril 16, 1763(1763-04-16) (aged 66)
Newport, Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations
Other names"Widow Franklin"
OccupationNewspaper/Almanac Printer/Publisher
Notable creditAmerica's first woman newspaper editor
SpouseJames Franklin
Children5

Ann Smith Franklin (October 2, 1696 – April 16, 1763) was an American colonial newspaper printer and publisher. She inherited the business from her husband, James Franklin, brother of Benjamin Franklin.[1] She published the Mintunt, printed an almanac series. She was the country’s first female newspaper editor,[2] the first woman to write an almanac, and the first woman inducted into the University of Rhode Island's Journalism Hall of Fame.[3][4]

Personal life

Ann Smith Franklin was married to James Franklin, a printer and the brother of Founding Father Benjamin Franklin.

They had five children including daughters Mary and Elizabeth, and son James Jr. (c.1730–1762). James Jr. attended Philadelphia Academy with his cousin William, Benjamin's son, before James Jr. was apprenticed in the printing trade to his uncle Benjamin.[5] After a long illness, James died in Newport in 1735, leaving Ann a widow, aged 39, with three young children to support, one child having died earlier.[3][6][7]

Career

In 1736, Ann petitioned the General Assembly of Rhode Island, seeking printing work in order to support her family. She was awarded the contract, becoming the General Assembly's official printer to the colony,[2] a position she held until she died.[4] In this official capacity, she printed the colony's charter granted by Charles II of England.[6] To supplement her income, she printed sermons for ministers, advertisements for merchants, as well as popular British novels. Ann's most notable work was compiling and publishing five editions of the Rhode Island Almanack, for the years 1737–1741. In 1741, she began selling her brother-in-law Benjamin's almanac, Poor Richard's Almanack, and in 1745, she printed 500 copies of the Acts and Laws of Rhode Island as a folio edition, her largest commission.[2]

Though a second child died young, Mary, Elizabeth and James Jr. worked in the family business. The daughters performed typesetting while James Jr. ran the business, now called "Ann and James Franklin", with his mother. During this time, however, some of Ann's imprints continued to bear the name "Widow Franklin".[8] In 1758, they published The Newport Mercury, Rhode Island's first newspaper.[4]

Later years

As Ann grew older, she turned over many business responsibilities to James Jr. After the deaths of her remaining children, Ann, then age 65, returned to the printing press. She took on the printer Samuel Hall, who had been her son-in-law,[9] as her business partner in 1761, forming "Franklin & Hall".[8] Under this imprint, they printed a folio of Rhode Island schedules.[9]

Ann Smith Franklin died in 1763.

Posthumous awards

Partial works

Almanacs
General Assembly of Rhode Island
British
Religious
Franklin & Hall


See also

References

  1. ^ "Children of Josiah Franklin (1657-1745)". ushistory.org. Archived from the original on 2009-02-09. Retrieved 2008-11-12.
  2. ^ a b c "Famous Rhode Islanders". reed.senate.gov. Archived from the original on 31 October 2008. Retrieved 2008-11-11.
  3. ^ a b Fleming, Arline A. "Ann Franklin (1696-1763)". projo.com. Archived from the original on 2011-06-28. Retrieved 2008-11-11.
  4. ^ a b c Mays, Dorothy A. (2004). Women in Early America: Struggle, Survival, and Freedom in a New World. Santa Barbara, Calif: ABC-CLIO. pp. 148–149. ISBN 1-85109-429-6.
  5. ^ Franklin, B.; Labaree, L.W.; Morgan, E.S. (2003). The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Second Edition. Yale University Press. p. 282. ISBN 0-300-09858-8.
  6. ^ a b Davidson, Rebecca W. (2004-02-16). "Ann Smith Franklin". Princeton University Library. Retrieved 2008-11-11.
  7. ^ "Colonial Newspaper Printer and Publisher". History of American Women. Archived from the original on July 18, 2012. Retrieved 2008-11-16.
  8. ^ a b Field, Edward (1902). State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations at the End of the Century: A History. Mason Pub. Co. p. 565.
  9. ^ a b Hammett, Charles Edward (June 1887). A Contribution to the Bibliography and Literature of Newport, R. I.: Comprising a List of Books Published Or Printed, in Newport, with Notes and Additions. Newport, R.I.: C. E. Hammett. pp. 6, 128. OCLC 3288133.
  10. ^ "Four New England journalists, including a pioneer from the Colonial-era, will receive the Yankee Quill Award this fall for their contributions to the betterment of journalism in the region". bostonherald.com. 2008. Retrieved 2011-08-25.
  11. ^ "James & Ann Smith Franklin". Rhode Island Heritage Hall of Fame. Heritage Harbor Museum. Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2014-07-03.

External links

Rhode Island Heritage Hall of Fame Women Inductees
Benjamin Franklin
Authority control databases
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