Below are notable events in archaeology that occurred in 1844.

Explorations

• Karl Richard Lepsius examines, describes, and maps Meroë; and partially explores the upper passage of tomb KV20 in the Valley of the Kings.^[1]

Excavations

• Frances Stackhouse Acton excavates a Roman villa in the grounds of her home at Acton Scott in England.^[2]

Finds

• William Reeves locates Nendrum Monastery.
• Discovery of Rudchester Mithraeum.

Publications

• Views of Ancient Monuments in Central America by Frederick Catherwood, with color lithographs of ruins of the Maya civilization.
• March - The Archaeological Journal first published. The first volume includes Frederick Lukis's "Observations on the primaeval antiquities of the Channel Islands" (pp. 144–52).

Births

• August 3 - Marcel-Auguste Dieulafoy, French archaeologist of Iran (d. 1920)

Deaths